Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leonard B. Bacharier, Jorge F. Maspero, Constance H. Katelaris, Alessandro G. Fiocchi, Remi Gagnon, Ines de Mir, Neal Jain, Lawrence D. Sher, X. Mao, D. Liu, Yi Zhang, Asif H. Khan, Upender Kapoor, Faisal A. Khokhar, Paul J. Rowe, Yamo Deniz, Marcella Ruddy, Elizabeth Laws, Naimish Patel, David M. Weinreich, George D. Yancopoulos, Nikhil Amin, Leda P. Mannent, David J. Lederer, Megan Hardin
Summary: This study showed that among children aged 6 to 11 with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma, those who received add-on dupilumab had fewer asthma exacerbations, better lung function and asthma control compared to those who received placebo.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Chu-Fei Tsai, Yun-Chung Liu, Tu-Hsuan Chang, En-Ting Wu, Luan-Yin Chang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical predictors of severe influenza in children. It showed that an age below 2 years, comorbidities (cardiovascular, neuropsychological, and respiratory diseases), abnormal chest X-ray findings, pleural effusion, and invasive bacterial coinfection were significant predictors of severe influenza, while receiving influenza and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines reduced the risk of severe infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Tatiana Markova, Natalia Alekseeva, Maria Lalayants, Oxana Ryzhkova, Olga Shatokhina, Nailya Galeeva, Elena Bliznetz, Oleg Belov, Svetlana Chibisova, Alexander Polyakov, George Tavartkiladze
Summary: Congenital and early onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is mainly caused by mutations in numerous genes. The presence of at least one GJB2 non-truncating variant leads to less severe hearing impairment, with flat and gently sloping audiogram profiles mostly revealed in all groups. Follow-up showed stability of hearing thresholds, with GJB2, STRC, and USH2A pathogenic variants being congenital in most cases.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarah E. Gray, Adam S. Cifu, Valerie G. Press
Summary: This article summarizes a guideline on the prevention and treatment of mild to moderate asthma, produced by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA).
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Nicki L. Boddington, Isabelle Pearson, Heather Whitaker, Punam Mangtani, Richard G. Pebody
Summary: This systematic review found that the effectiveness of influenza vaccine against hospitalization in children varies by influenza subtype and vaccine type, with an overall seasonal IVE of 53.3%. IVE was highest against influenza A/H1N1pdm09 and lowest against influenza A/H3N2.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Richard B. Lipton, David W. Dodick, Peter J. Goadsby, Rami Burstein, Aubrey M. Adams, Jeff Lai, Sung Yun Yu, Michelle Finnegan, Amy W. Kuang, Joel M. Trugman
Summary: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of ubrogepant in treating migraine with mild vs moderate or severe pain. The results showed that ubrogepant treatment during mild pain significantly increased the rates of pain freedom, freedom from associated symptoms, and achieving normal function.
Article
Immunology
Ida Laake, Siri N. Skodvin, Kristine Blix, Ida Henriette Caspersen, Hakon K. Gjessing, Lene K. Juvet, Per Magnus, Siri Mjaaland, Anna H. Robertson, Jostein Starrfelt, Lill Trogstad, Berit Feiring
Summary: Understanding how booster vaccination can prevent moderate and severe illness without hospitalization is crucial to evaluate the full advantage of mRNA boosters. In this population-based study, mRNA booster vaccination partly prevented moderate and severe COVID-19, but not mild COVID-19. The effectiveness of booster vaccination increased with increasing severity of COVID-19 and decreased with time since booster vaccination. The findings contribute valuable information on the duration of protection and timing of additional booster vaccinations.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Juan D. Chaparro, Jeremy J. Michel, David W. Kimberlin, Elizabeth D. Barnett, Ruth Lynfield, Mark H. Sawyer, Henry H. Bernstein, H. Cody Meissner, Amanda C. Cohn, Karen M. Farizo, Natasha B. Halasa, David Kim, Eduardo Lopez Medina, Denee Moore, Scot B. Moore, Lakshmi Panagiotakopoulos, Laura Sauve, Neil S. Silverman, Jeffrey R. Starke, Kay M. Tomashek
Summary: This statement provides updated recommendations on the routine use of influenza vaccine and antiviral medications in children during the 2021-2022 influenza season. It emphasizes the importance of annual influenza immunization for all children and recommends antiviral treatment for children with suspected or confirmed influenza.
Article
Pediatrics
Sean T. O'Leary, James D. Campbell, Monica I. Ardura, Ritu Banerjee, Kristina A. Bryant, Mary T. Caserta, Chandy C. John, Jeffrey S. Gerber, Athena P. Kourtis, Angela Myers, Pia Pannaraj, Adam J. Ratner, Jose R. Romero, Samir S. Shah, Kenneth M. Zangwill, Yvonne A. Maldonado, Annika M. Hofstetter, Juan D. Chaparro, Jeremy J. Michel, David W. Kimberlin, Elizabeth D. Barnett, Ruth Lynfield, Mark H. Sawyer, Henry H. Bernstein, Karen M. Farizo, Lisa M. Kafer, David Kim, Eduardo Lopez Medina, Denee Moore, Laura Sauve, Jeffrey R. Starke, Jennifer Thompson, Kay M. Tomashek, Melinda Wharton, Charles R. Woods, Jennifer M. Frantz
Summary: This statement updates the recommendations for the routine use of influenza vaccine and antiviral medications in children. It advises annual influenza vaccination for all children, and emphasizes the importance of early initiation of antiviral treatment. Antiviral chemoprophylaxis is recommended for certain individuals as an adjunct to vaccination.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Brandon I. Smith, Priya Engel, Jashin Wu
Summary: The authors conclude that lebrikizumab therapy is safe and effective for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adolescents and adults based on two phase 3 trials. However, they note the lack of racial diversity in the trials, with majority of the patients being White.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kailey Hughes, Donald B. Middleton, Mary Patricia Nowalk, Goundappa K. Balasubramani, Emily T. Martin, Manjusha Gaglani, H. Keipp Talbot, Manish M. Patel, Jill M. Ferdinands, Richard K. Zimmerman, Fernanda P. Silveira
Summary: This study evaluated the vaccine effectiveness against influenza hospitalization among immunocompromised adults during the 2017-2018 influenza season. The results showed that while immunocompromised adults had a higher vaccination rate, their protection against influenza was lower, with a vaccine effectiveness of 33% in the overall adult population. Further research is needed to assess vaccine effectiveness among different immunocompromising conditions and explore ways to improve effectiveness for immunocompromised individuals.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Carlos G. Grijalva, Leora R. Feldstein, H. Keipp Talbot, Michael Aboodi, Adrienne H. Baughman, Samuel M. Brown, Jonathan D. Casey, Heidi L. Erickson, Matthew C. Exline, D. Clark Files, Kevin W. Gibbs, Adit A. Ginde, Michelle N. Gong, Natasha Halasa, Akram Khan, Christopher J. Lindsell, Samuel K. Nwosu, Ithan D. Peltan, Matthew E. Prekker, Todd W. Rice, Nathan Shapiro, Jay S. Steingrub, William B. Stubblefield, Mark W. Tenforde, Manish M. Patel, Wesley H. Self
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in preventing severe acute respiratory infection associated with influenza during the 2019-2020 season. The results showed that the vaccine reduced severe influenza-associated illness by 32%, with higher effectiveness observed in young adults.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Emer Ryan, Lynne Kelly, Catherine Stacey, Dean Huggard, Eimear Duff, Danielle McCollum, Ann Leonard, Gerard Boran, Dermot R. Doherty, Turlough Bolger, Eleanor J. Molloy
Summary: This study demonstrates altered cytokine profiles and endotoxin responses in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI), including mild TBI. Children with mild TBI showed decreased levels of IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF-alpha compared to controls, along with increased levels of IFN-gamma. In severe TBI, there was no significant IL-6 response to endotoxin, but an increase in IL-17A. These findings suggest immune dysfunction following TBI, especially in mild cases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Rebecca C. Woodruff, Angela P. Campbell, Christopher A. Taylor, Shua J. Chai, Breanna Kawasaki, James Meek, Evan J. Anderson, Andy Weigel, Maya L. Monroe, Libby Reeg, Erica Bye, Daniel M. Sosin, Alison Muse, Nancy M. Bennett, Laurie M. Billing, Melissa Sutton, H. Keipp Talbot, Keegan McCaffrey, Huong Pham, Kadam Patel, Michael Whitaker, Meredith L. McMorrow, Fiona P. Havers
Summary: This study describes population-based rates and risk factors for pediatric severe COVID-19. The study found that children under the age of 2 with chronic lung disease, neurologic disorders, cardiovascular disease, prematurity, and airway abnormality, as well as children aged 2 to 17 depending on a feeding tube, with diabetes mellitus, and with obesity, are more susceptible to severe COVID-19. The results of this study are important for identifying high-risk children and implementing prevention efforts, including vaccination.
Article
Immunology
Lesley R. de Armas, Varghese George, Abdelali Filali-Mouhim, Courtney Steel, Anita Parmigiani, Coleen K. Cunningham, Adriana Weinberg, Lydie Trautmann, Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, Mark J. Cameron, Savita Pahwa
Summary: Individuals living with HIV often show poor responses to influenza vaccination despite viral suppression through antiretroviral therapy. This study focused on identifying immune correlates of vaccine response in HIV-infected pediatric and adolescent individuals, with differences in gene expression patterns and pathways observed between high and low antibody responders. Age was also found to play a role in the immune responses, with older individuals exhibiting enriched gene pathways associated with T follicular helper cells following vaccination. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of improved vaccine strategies in HIV-infected children across different age groups.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hania Szajewska, Roberto Berni Canani, Magnus Domellof, Alfredo Guarino, Iva Hojsak, Flavia Indrio, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Walter A. Mihatsch, Alexis Mosca, Rok Orel, Silvia Salvatore, Raanan Shamir, Chris H. P. van den Akker, Johannes B. van Goudoever, Yvan Vandenplas, Zvi Weizman
Summary: The European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) provides updated recommendations for the use of probiotics for the management of selected pediatric gastrointestinal disorders. Specific probiotic strains are recommended for the treatment of acute gastroenteritis, prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, nosocomial diarrhea and necrotizing enterocolitis, management of Helicobacter pylori infection, and management of functional abdominal pain disorders and infant colic. However, further studies are needed to confirm the effects and determine the type, dose, and timing of probiotics, and the use of probiotics without documented health benefits should be discouraged.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kazunori Kimitsuki, Sakirul Khan, Ryo Kaimori, Takaaki Yahiro, Nobuo Saito, Kentaro Yamada, Nozomi Nakajima, Takashi Komeno, Yosuke Furuta, Beatriz P. Quiambao, Phatthamon Virojanapirom, Thiravat Hemachudha, Akira Nishizono
Summary: This study assessed the potential of the antiviral drug favipiravir as an alternative treatment for rabies. The results showed that using favipiravir with the rabies vaccine provided complete protection against death caused by the virus, and the virus-neutralizing antibody titer was significantly higher compared to the treatment with the vaccine and immunoglobulin. A clinical trial of this approach is needed, especially in countries with limited availability of immunoglobulin.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Sevgen Tanir Basaranoglu, Ayse Karaaslan, Enes Sali, Ergin Ciftci, Zeynep Gokce Gayretli Aydin, Bilge Aldemir Kocabas, Cemil Kaya, Semra Sen Bayturan, Soner Sertan Kara, Dilek Yilmaz Ciftdogan, Ummuhan Cay, Hacer Gundogdu Akturk, Melda Celik, Halil Ozdemir, Ayper Somer, Tijen Diri, Ahmet Sami Yazar, Murat Sutcu, Hasan Tezer, Eda Karadag Oncel, Manolya Kara, Solmaz Celebi, Aslinur Ozkaya Parlakay, Sabahat Karakaslilar, Emin Sami Arisoy, Gonul Tanir, Tugce Tural Kara, Ilker Devrim, Tugba Erat, Kubra Aykac, Ozge Kaba, Sirin Guven, Edanur Yesil, Ayse Tekin Yilmaz, Sevgi Yasar Durmus, Ilknur Caglar, Fatih Gunay, Metehan Ozen, Ener Cagri Dinleyici, Ates Kara
Summary: This study assessed the epidemiological data of pediatric patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea in our region. The results showed that the prevalence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea was 10.4% for amoxicillin-clavulanate and 14.4% for cephalosporins. The occurrence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea differed significantly according to geographical regions in Turkey, particularly higher in The Eastern Anatolia and Southeastern Anatolia. This study provides epidemiological data and geographical differences for pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
Article
Microbiology
Jaira D. Mauhay, Nobuo Saito, Kazunori Kimitsuki, Milagros R. Mananggit, Jeffrey L. Cruz, Maria G. Lagayan, Alyssa M. Garcia, Patricia M. Lacanilao, Kentaro Yamada, Mariko Saito-Obata, Daria L. Manalo, Catalino S. Demetria, Beatriz P. Quiambao, Akira Nishizono
Summary: The study found that used lateral flow devices (LFDs) can be used for molecular analysis of rabies virus, regardless of the storage temperature, for accurate diagnosis. However, refrigerated storage conditions are recommended for further genetic analysis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Immunology
Mahmut Can Kizil, Yalcin Kara, Gurkan Bozan, Surhan Arda, Gul Durmaz, Omer Kilic, Ener Cagri Dinleyici
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohammed Yunus, Rami A. Alfattani, Turki Alamro, Mohammed Asadullah
Summary: The application of compound composite coatings (Cr2O3 + YSZ) on materials used in power plants can improve structural resistance and increase energy efficiency. These coatings exhibit good oxidation resistance under high temperature and pressure conditions. The EN8 alloy showed smaller variations in weight after 48 hours of high temperature oxidation at 1050 degrees Celsius compared to the chromia oxide scale. The coated EN8 alloy performed better with prolonged exposure.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yalcin Kara, Mahmut Can Kizil, Mehmet Ozgur Arslanoglu, Ebru Kacmaz, Nidai Dalokay, Ezgi Pala, Eylem Kiral, Gurkan Bozan, Tercan Us, Omer Kilic, Ener Cagri Dinleyici
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, pediatric cases of human bocavirus (HBoV) infection presented with severe respiratory symptoms, including common cold, acute otitis media, asthma exacerbations, and bronchiolitis pneumonia, and some cases required pediatric intensive care unit stay. A retrospective study evaluated the clinical characteristics of 54 children diagnosed with HBoV respiratory infections, revealing that cough, fever, and respiratory distress were the most prevalent symptoms, and a significant proportion of children required intensive care.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Meltem Dinleyici, Jana Barbieur, Ener Cagri Dinleyici, Yvan Vandenplas
Summary: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are important components in human milk, varying greatly between mothers. HMOs improve gut health, protect against infection, and promote cognitive development. Supplementing formula with HMOs is safe and beneficial for microbiota composition and infection prevention, but the clinical benefits compared to non-human oligosaccharides are not known. More research is needed to understand the factors influencing HMO composition and their functions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gurkan Bozan, Vicente Perez-Brocal, Kaan Aslan, Eylem Kiral, Esra Sevketoglu, Mutlu Uysal Yazici, Ebru Azapagasi, Tanil Kendirli, Serhat Emeksiz, Oguz Dursun, Dincer Yildizdas, Ayse Berna Anil, Nihal Akcay, Hasan Serdar Kihtir, Merve Havan, Nazan Ulgen Tekerek, Faruk Ekinci, Omer Kilic, Andres Moya, Ener Cagri Dinleyici
Summary: The composition of microbiota in the intestines and nasopharynx of children with invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) was found to be different from that of healthy children. The infection itself or other care interventions led to changes in the microbiota composition. Understanding the interaction of microbiota with pathogens, such as N. meningitidis, could help us understand the dynamics of the disease.
Article
Pediatrics
Ayben Leblebici, Gurkan Bozan, Asli Kavaz Tufan, Eylem Kiral, Ebru Kacmaz, Ener Cagri Dinleyici
Summary: AKI in PICUs is a crucial factor affecting mortality in critically ill pediatric patients. This study compared the AKIN and pRIFLE AKI classifications and PICU scoring modalities, finding a significant correlation between AKI and PRISM III, PELOD-2, and pSOFA scores. However, there were no significant differences in the stages of kidney injury according to the AKIN criteria. Identifying the risk factors for AKI and planning antimicrobial regimens based on PICU admission could decrease mortality rates.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gonca Kilic Yildirim, Meltem Dinleyici, Yvan Vandenplas, Ener Cagri Dinleyici
Summary: This study is the first to demonstrate that the use of a multispecies synbiotic is associated with changes in intestinal microbiota composition and a decrease in BMI in children and adolescents with obesity.
Article
Microbiology
Gurkan Bozan, Yalcin Kara, Eylem Kiral, Mahmut Can Kizil, Ebru Kacmaz, Tercan Us, Gul Durmaz, Omer Kilic, Ener Cagri Dinleyici
Summary: This study evaluated the use of a rapid molecular diagnostic pneumonia panel in children with lower respiratory tract infections. The results showed that this approach has advantages in diagnosing pneumonia and guiding antibiotic therapy, as it provides results more quickly and enables the identification of resistance profiles.
Article
Microbiology
Pinar Yildiz, Melisa Sahin Tekin, Mucahit Kaya, Ener Cagri Dinleyici
Summary: The prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis carriage and serogroup distribution among older adults in Turkiye was assessed. The study found that 13.9% of participants carried Nm, with MenY being the most common serogroup. Only MenY was detected in patients over 75 years of age. Adequate surveillance and carriage studies can inform vaccination strategies for older adults.
Article
Pediatrics
Dilek Yilmaz, Gulnihan Ustundag, Ayse Buyukcam, Enes Sali, Umit Celik, Gulhadiye Avcu, Nursen Belet, Esra Cakmak Taskin, Sevliya Ocal Demir, Ahmet Ziya Birbilen, Omer Kilic, Ozge Metin Akcan, Ayse Tekin Yilmaz, Bilge Aldemir Kocabas, Nevin Hatipoglu, Adem Karbuz, Deniz Cakir, Murat Sutcu, Fatma Deniz Aygun, Taylan Celik, Semra Bayturan Sen, Nazan Dalgic, Zuhal Umit, Soner Sertan Kara, Eda Karadag Oncel, Ahmet Bolat, Merve Kilic Cil, Caner Turan, Ayse Cakil Guzin, Sevgi Topal, Gulser Esen Besli, Gizem Dogan, Sabiha Sahin, Fatih Akin, Yasar Bildirici, Gulperi Timurtas Dayar, Emine Ergul Sari, Didem Kizmaz Isancli, Manolya Kara, Pinar Onal, Hakan Aylac, Duygu Luleci, Belma Yasar, Elif Dede, Aykut Caglar, Sevgi Akova, Elif Afat Turgut, Pinar Yazici Ozkaya, Tugba Kandemir Gulmez, Emel Ulusoy, Muhterem Duyu, Yalcin Kara, Huseyin Celiktas, Onur Tekeli, Fatma Caglar, Doruk Gul, Sinem Oral Cebeci, Fatih Battal, Alkan Bal, Emre Aygun, Metin Uysalol, Gazi Arslan, Ayberk Ozkavakli, Mahmut Can Kizil, Abdullah Yazar, Fatih Aygun, Ayper Somer, Necdet Kuyucu, Ener Cagri Dinleyici, Ates Kara
Summary: This is a multi-center point prevalence study on children diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study included inpatients and outpatients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from 12 cities and 24 centers in Turkey on February 2nd, 2022. Among 8605 patients in participating centers on that day, 706 (8.2%) had COVID-19. The study found that fever, cough, and fatigue were the most common symptoms of COVID-19 in children, and asthma, neurologic disorders, and obesity were the most common underlying chronic diseases. The vaccination rate for COVID-19 was 12.5%.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Tropical Medicine
Catalino Demetria, Kazunori Kimitsuki, Takaaki Yahiro, Nobuo Saito, Takehiro Hashimoto, Sakirul Khan, Maria Yna Joyce Chu, Daria Manalo, Milagros Mananggit, Beatriz Quiambao, Akira Nishizono
Summary: The study aims to develop an assay to detect the rabies virus genome in field samples using a portable real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) instrument. The developed PCR1100 assay showed high sensitivity and specificity, even detecting low copy numbers of the virus. This assay has the potential to effectively improve surveillance and confirmation of rabies in remote areas.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HEALTH
(2023)