Review
Oncology
Pontus Aspenstrom
Summary: For many years, the role of RHO GTPases in cancer has been overlooked, but recent studies have shown that they are altered in many cancer types and may have oncogenic effects. This review article summarizes the current knowledge of these mutant RHO GTPases, focusing on how their kinetics can contribute to cancer progression.
Article
Cell Biology
Chao Mei, Chong Liu, Ying Gao, Wen-Ting Dai, Wei Zhang, Xi Li, Zhao-Qian Liu
Summary: This study revealed that eIF3a is overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues, and its high expression is associated with tumor metastasis and overall survival. Downregulation of eIF3a significantly inhibits the proliferation and migration of malignant cells. Mechanistically, eIF3a regulates Cdc42 and RhoA expression to promote actin cytoskeleton remodeling, facilitating cancer cell migration.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mainak Chatterjee, Anirban Sain
Summary: Dynamic pattern formations in multicellular systems and embryos at their single-cell stage can be modeled using reaction-diffusion networks.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Eva Crosas-Molist, Remi Samain, Leonie Kohlhammer, Jose L. Orgaz, Samantha L. George, Oscar Maiques, Jaume Barcelo, Victoria Sanz-Moreno
Summary: This review examines the role of Rho GTPase signaling in different stages of cancer progression, highlighting its importance in tumor initiation, proliferation, and metastasis, as well as its involvement in cell migration, interaction with the tumor microenvironment, and inflammation regulation.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Andy Gobel, Romy M. Riffel, Lorenz C. Hofbauer, Tilman D. Rachner
Summary: Breast cancer has a high incidence among women, and the mevalonate pathway plays a crucial role in its treatment. This review discusses the impact of the mevalonate pathway on breast cancer biology and the use of inhibiting drugs in precision therapy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Huiping He, Chengjian Zhou, Xi Chen
Summary: This article introduces a targeted protein degradation method based on the autophagy pathway, which overcomes the limitations of current small-molecule degraders and can degrade unligandable proteins. By designing an intelligent nanobody chimera called ATNC, researchers have successfully achieved selective degradation of intracellular targets and demonstrated its therapeutic potential in suppressing ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu Han, Panyue Wen, Junjie Li, Kazunori Kataoka
Summary: Cisplatin is a successful chemotherapy drug, but its resistance and toxicity limit its clinical application. Targeted nanomedicine offers hope for maximizing efficacy and minimizing toxicity. This article reviews the recent progress and challenges in managing cisplatin resistance and toxicity and highlights future directions for development.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuwei Ren, Ning Zhang, Liping Shen, Yongyong Lu, Yixin Chang, Zhenni Lin, Ning Sun, Yuanmei Zhang, Jiheng Xu, Haishan Huang, Honglei Jin
Summary: The study found that the long noncoding RNA lnc00892 is significantly downregulated in bladder cancer tissues and its low expression is associated with poor prognosis. Lnc00892 was shown to inhibit migration, invasion, and metastasis of bladder cancer cells by reducing nucleolin gene transcription and inhibiting nucleolin-mediated stabilization of RhoA/RhoC mRNA. These findings suggest that lnc00892 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for invasive bladder cancer patients.
Review
Immunology
Rana El Masri, Jerome Delon
Summary: Ras homology (RHO) GTPases play crucial roles in triggering multiple immune functions through interactions with effectors and kinases, and recent discoveries of new partners and genetic mutations in RHO GTPase signaling hubs offer novel therapeutic opportunities.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Frederique Mittler, Patricia Obeid, Vincent Haguet, Cedric Allier, Sophie Gerbaud, Anastasia Rulina, Xavier Gidrol, Maxim Y. Balakirev
Summary: The study found that the therapeutic outcome of MLN4924 on prostate cancer cells is influenced by mechanical stress. Specifically, in certain cell types, the stimulation of RhoA and RhoB can increase the level of tight junction proteins, thereby increasing mechanical strain. However, in cells that undergo EMT, stimulation of RhoC promotes cell scattering and invasion. The study discovers that MLN4924 can act as a mechanotherapeutic agent, offering new ways to improve the efficacy of neddylation inhibition as an anticancer approach.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Irene A. George, Gajanan Sathe, Vivek Ghose, Anuradha Chougule, Pratik Chandrani, Vijay Patil, Vanita Noronha, R. Venkataramanan, Sewanti Limaye, Akhilesh Pandey, Kumar Prabhash, Prashant Kumar
Summary: In this study, we investigated the differential expression of proteins and altered phosphorylation in neoadjuvant chemotherapy-resistant tongue cancer patients. The study revealed differential and extensive phosphorylation of keratins, as well as a kinase signature associated with resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathway analysis showed enrichment of Rho GTPase signaling and hyperphosphorylation of proteins involved in cell motility, invasion, and drug resistance. Targeting these kinases could potentially help with the clinical management of neoadjuvant chemotherapy-resistant tongue cancer.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Robin Caire, Elisa Dalix, Marwa Chafchafi, Mireille Thomas, Marie-Therese Linossier, Myriam Normand, Alain Guignandon, Laurence Vico, Hubert Marotte
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of transcription co-factors YAP/TAZ in the signaling of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF, and their involvement in biological effects associated with cancer and inflammatory disorders.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ming Yi, Di Zhang, Bin Song, Bin Zhao, Mengke Niu, Yuze Wu, Zhijun Dai, Kongming Wu
Summary: The study found that elevated ECT2 levels were closely associated with advanced TNM stage, poor differentiation, and loss of hormone receptors in breast cancer. Additionally, high ECT2 levels were identified as an adverse prognostic factor for breast cancer patients.
EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mudrika Tripathi, Alain Colige, Christophe F. F. Deroanne
Summary: RhoGDI2 is a specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for the Rho family of small GTPases, highly expressed in hematopoietic cells and other cell types. It has been implicated in multiple human cancers and immunity regulation, exhibiting a dual role. Despite involvement in various biological processes, its mechanistic functions remain unclear. This review focuses on the opposite roles of RhoGDI2 in cancer, its underappreciated role in immunity, and proposes explanations for its intricate regulatory functions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rocio G. Sampayo, Mason Sakamoto, Madeline Wang, Sanjay Kumar, David V. Schaffer
Summary: During the process of cell differentiation into tissues, cells are influenced by mechanical signals from the extracellular matrix (ECM), which regulate their fate. The activation of Rho GTPases plays a key role in sensing these cues, but the regulation and integration of the activation dynamics is still unclear. This study found that ECM stiffness cues not only alter the magnitude but also the temporal frequency of RhoA and Cdc42 activation in adult neural stem cells (NSCs). Further experiments using optogenetics showed that the frequency of RhoA and Cdc42 activation drives astrocytic versus neuronal differentiation, highlighting the functional significance of these dynamics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)