Review
Neurosciences
Aleksi Kokkonen, Emma A. Honkanen, Daniel T. Corp, Juho Joutsa
Summary: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for various brain disorders, but its mechanisms of action and detailed molecular effects still need further investigation.
Review
Psychiatry
Oriane Razakarivony, Adrian Newman-Tancredi, Luc Zimmer
Summary: The PET neuroimaging study targeting the 5-HT1A receptor can specifically visualize and quantify functionally active receptors using a specific radioligand [F-18]-F13640, helping researchers to track receptor changes and correlate them with disease states. This approach has the potential to improve differentiation of different schizophrenia phenotypes and deepen understanding of the basis of therapeutic responses.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lucero Aceves-Serrano, Jason L. Neva, Jonathan Munro, Martin Parent, Lara A. Boyd, Doris J. Doudet
Summary: The long-term therapeutic effects of TBS may be facilitated through the modulation of neurotransmission systems beyond the dopamine system.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Mei Tian, Chuantao Zuo, A. Cahid Civelek, Ignasi Carrio, Yasuyoshi Watanabe, Keon Wook Kang, Koji Murakami, John O. Prior, Yan Zhong, Xiaofeng Dou, Congcong Yu, Chentao Jin, Rui Zhou, Fengtao Liu, Xinyi Li, Jiaying Lu, Hong Zhang, Jian Wang
Summary: This article introduces the international consensus and practice guideline, aiming to promote the standardized use of presynaptic dopaminergic PET imaging in parkinsonism.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael R. Kilbourn
Summary: The application of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to study brain biochemistry, especially dopamine neurotransmission, has significantly grown over the past 40 years. PET imaging of dopaminergic functions in the central nervous system is routinely used for research in neurology, psychiatry, drug abuse and addiction, as well as drug development. The key advancement in PET imaging is the development of unique radiotracers labeled with positron-emitting radionuclides like carbon-11 and fluorine-18, which have greatly contributed to the progress in this field.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jiayu Liu, Lei Li, Yuan Li, Qian Wang, Ruen Liu, Hu Ding
Summary: The study found that STN-DBS surgery has a significant effect on the brain metabolism of patients with Meige syndrome, suggesting its importance as a treatment mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyunsoo Shin, Hyeonseok Jeong, Wooseok Ryu, Geunhu Lee, Jaeho Lee, Doyu Kim, In-Uk Song, Yong-An Chung, Sungon Lee
Summary: A custom-TMS robot was developed for better TMS coil placement, which reduced the rTMS preparation time by 53% and significantly decreased position and orientation errors compared to the manual method. Clinical and neuroimaging assessments indicated comparable improvements in depression severity and regional cerebral blood flow between the robotic and manual rTMS groups.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Tomas Ros, Jessica Kwiek, Theo Andriot, Abele Michela, Patrik Vuilleumier, Valentina Garibotto, Nathalie Ginovart
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of neurofeedback on endogenous dopamine release using positron emission tomography (PET). Significant dopamine release was observed in the frontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex in both neurofeedback and electromyography training groups, suggesting a potential link between changes in brain state and neuromodulation. This study represents the first direct investigation of neurofeedback's effect on endogenous release of a key neuromodulator, demonstrating its feasibility for future research.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andreas-Antonios Roussakis, Zhou Zeng, Nicholas P. Lao-Kaim, Antonio Martin-Bastida, Paola Piccini
Summary: The study found that in moderate-stage Parkinson's disease, asymmetry in striatal dopaminergic degeneration becomes less prominent over time, while the asymmetry of motor symptoms remains consistent between the clinically most and least affected body sides.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jusa Reijonen, Mervi Kononen, Pasi Tuunanen, Sara Maatta, Petro Julkunen
Summary: The study aimed to use atlas-based marking of cortical areas for nTMS targeting to achieve effects consistent with expert-selected target locations. In depression and schizophrenia patients, the selected targets were close to the border between atlas areas, while in other areas, the targets were consistent with treatment goals.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicolas Nicastro, Umberto Nencha, Pierre R. Burkhard, Valentina Garibotto
Summary: This study summarizes the current evidence on dopaminergic molecular imaging in the diagnostic evaluation of Parkinson's disease (PD), atypical parkinsonian syndromes, and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), as well as its potential to distinguish these conditions and estimate disease progression. Dopamine imaging has an outstanding potential for early detection of neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Lieneke Katharina Janssen, Annette Horstmann
Summary: Dopamine plays a crucial role in adaptive behavior, with obesity-related alterations affecting the central dopamine system, as shown in molecular neuroimaging studies. While there are associations between obesity and substrates of the dopamine system in humans, it is unlikely that obesity can be traced back to a single dopaminergic cause.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Takao Nozaki, Kenji Sugiyama, Tetsuya Asakawa, Hiroki Namba, Masamichi Yokokura, Tatsuhiro Terada, Tomoyasu Bunai, Yasuomi Ouchi
Summary: This study investigated the impact of STN-DBS on neuronal terminal survival and found that STN-DBS can increase dopamine transporter levels in the anteroventral striatum, which is correlated with motor recovery and may suggest a regulatory effect of STN-DBS on dopaminergic terminals in Parkinson's disease patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antoine Rogeau, Giovanna Nordio, Mattia Veronese, Kirsten Brown, Matthew M. Nour, Martin Osugo, Sameer Jauhar, Oliver D. Howes, Robert A. McCutcheon
Summary: The current study found that gray matter volume in the prefrontal cortex is positively associated with D2/3R availability in the whole striatum, mainly driven by associative receptor availability. There is also an interaction effect between sensorimotor striatum D2/3R availability and anterior cingulate Glx, indicating a possible modulation of D2/3R availability by anterior cingulate glutamate concentrations.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kyoungjune Pak, Lauri Nummenmaa
Summary: This study investigated the association between dopamine receptor availability and overweight/obesity using Bayesian and frequentist meta-analysis. The results showed that there was no difference in dopamine receptor availability between lean and overweight/obese subjects, but this effect was dependent on the radiopharmaceutical and the degree of obesity.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tony Szturm, Iman Beheshti, Bhuvan Mahana, Douglas E. Hobson, Andrew Goertzen, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: This study confirmed the feasibility of imaging glucose metabolism during dual-task walking in patients with Parkinson's disease. It was found that patients with less progressed disease showed more prefrontal engagement during dual-task walking compared to those with more progressed disease, indicating increased frontal dysfunction with PD progression.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iman Beheshti, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: This paper reviews the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in modulating brain networks associated with cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD). It discusses brain network abnormalities in PD, modulation approaches, potential mechanisms of tDCS, and application in modulating cognitive dysfunction in PD patients. Limitations of existing studies are addressed, and future directions for the use of tDCS in clinical settings are suggested to aid researchers in further developing this technique.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benyamin Karimi, Prabhisha Silwal, Samuel Booth, Nirmala Padmanabhan, Shreya H. Dhume, Dali Zhang, Nazmeena Zahra, Michael F. Jackson, Gilbert J. Kirouac, Ji Hyun Ko, Jeremy W. Chopek, Tabrez J. Siddiqui
Summary: Reduced activity of the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) and abnormal functional connectivity with the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may contribute to cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. LRRTM1 plays a key role in schizophrenia and is highly expressed in the thalamus.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ji-Hyun Ko, Dong-Wook Han, Karl M. Newell
Summary: The study found that expert shooters had less transversal body variability compared to novices, with a tight coupling between free moment (FM) and center of pressure in both directions for experts. FM is crucial for accurate aiming, and different skill levels adopt different postural strategies in transversal and horizontal space.
SPORTS BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mayank Bhatt, Bhuvan Mahana, Ji Hyun Ko, Tiffany A. A. Kolesar, Anuprita Kanitkar, Tony Szturm
Summary: The study aimed to establish the test-retest reliability of the GRP assessment protocol for dual-task (DT) gait, visuomotor, and executive cognitive function in PD patients, and to examine the effect of task condition (ST vs. DT) and disease severity (stage 2 vs. stage 3) on gait, visuomotor, and cognitive function. Results showed moderate to high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values under both ST and DT conditions for spatio-temporal gait measures, as well as visuomotor tracking and cognitive game performance measures.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tony Szturm, Tiffany A. Kolesar, Bhuvan Mahana, Andrew L. Goertzen, Douglas E. Hobson, Jonathan J. Marotta, Antonio P. Strafella, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: Balance and gait impairments, as well as cognitive deficits, are common in Parkinson's disease and associated with increased fall risk. Dual-task training programs that target balance, gait, visuomotor, and cognitive functions are important in promoting healthy active lives for PD patients. Behavioral PET brain imaging methods are used to evaluate the molecular basis of mobility decline in PD and the effects of a game-based DT treadmill walking program on mobility and cognition.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Frederick A. Zeiler, Yasser Iturria-Medina, Eric P. Thelin, Alwyn Gomez, Jai J. Shankar, Ji Hyun Ko, Chase R. Figley, Galen E. B. Wright, Chris M. Anderson
Summary: Management strategies for moderate/severe TBI have not significantly impacted mortality and morbidity, suggesting a shift toward personalized care. Multi-modal omics data sets, including cerebral physiome characterization and proteomics, are being increasingly used to inform individualized treatment approaches.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Vinay Gupta, Samuel Booth, Ji Hyun Ko, Alzheimers Dis Neroimaging Initiative
Summary: Regional hypermetabolism, especially in the cerebellum, is an important characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study confirms that the hypermetabolic regions are not an artefact and may play a role in the pathology of AD. Graph theory analysis shows that the hypermetabolism in the cerebellum is associated with changes in brain connectivity.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Shiva Shabro, Christina Meier, Kevin Leonard, Andrew L. Goertzen, Ji Hyun Ko, Debbie M. Kelly
Summary: Pigeons, as long-lived and slowly aging animals, provide valuable insights into age-related brain changes. A study using eye-capping technique and FDG-PET imaging found that very old pigeons performed worse in a discrimination task and showed no hemispheric activation differences compared to adult and old pigeons, where the left hemisphere was most active.
LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marcus C. Ng, Hussam El-Alawi, Darion Toutant, Eun Hyung Choi, Natalie Wright, Manzuma Khanam, Bojan Paunovic, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: The feasibility of using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (hd-tDCS) in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE) was tested. It was found to be safe and effective in reducing epileptiform activity and improving discharge rates.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jarrad Perron, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: This study provides a thorough review of the quantitative methods for the detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from neuroimaging studies acquired with positron emission tomography (PET), with a special focus on supervised machine/deep learning techniques as quantitative tools for AD detection. The study highlights the limitations of AD diagnosis and the potential of quantitative methods in improving its accuracy. The review covers the epidemiology, pathology, and role of PET imaging and tracers for AD detection, as well as various quantitative methods used in the literature.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael He, Tiffany A. Kolesar, Andrew L. Goertzen, Marcus C. Ng, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: Although not traditionally associated, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and epilepsy share common features and can increase the risk of each other. This study utilized a machine learning algorithm (MAD) to analyze fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans from epilepsy patients with and without cognitive symptoms. The results suggest that FDG-PET, combined with machine learning, may be useful in predicting dementia development in non-demented epilepsy patients. Further longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marcus C. Ng, Hussam El-Alawi, Darion Toutant, Eun Hyung Choi, Natalie Wright, Manzuma Khanam, Bojan Paunovic, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: This study tested the feasibility of using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (hd-tDCS) in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE). The results showed that hd-tDCS significantly reduced epileptiform activity in RSE patients and compared to historical controls, hd-tDCS subjects had a significantly higher discharge rate from the intensive care unit.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Samuel Booth, Kye Won Park, Chong Sik Lee, Ji Hyun
Summary: A FDG-PET based SVM classifier showed potential in accurately predicting the risk of dementia development in patients with Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment. The model demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing PDD converters from stable MCI patients, and was validated with independent data sets.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Samuel Booth, Abdullah Ramadan, Dali Zhang, Lingling Lu, Gilbert Kirouac, Michael F. Jackson, Chris Anderson, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: The study found that a dosing regimen of 10 mg/kg of L-dopa induced LID in all animals and led to significant angiogenesis in the striatum and substantia nigra. The 2 mg/kg treatment resulted in LID in 6 out of 12 rats, with LID severity increasing linearly over the treatment period. Dopamine-induced vasodilatory responses were exaggerated only in rats showing LID-like signs.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
