Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin Y. Gonzalez-Velandia, Andres Hernandez-Clavijo, Anna Menini, Michele Dibattista, Simone Pifferi
Summary: This study provides the first complete description of the stomatin-domain protein family in the olfactory system, highlighting their composition, functional interactions, and the importance of STOML3 for the localization of STOM in OSNs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Peter Y. Wang, Yi Sun, Richard Axel, L. F. Abbott, Guangyu Robert Yang
Summary: Artificial neural networks trained to perform olfactory tasks exhibit similarities with the fly and mouse olfactory systems in terms of connectivity and structure. These networks develop independent pathways for identity and valence classification when trained to recognize odor identity and assign emotional significance to odors.
Article
Cell Biology
Francisco J. Fernandez Acosta, Inma Luque-Molina, Rebeca Vecino, Eva Diaz-Guerra, Cagla Defterali, Jaime Pignatelli, Carlos Vicario
Summary: This study found that neural stem cells in the olfactory bulb of adult mice can generate CalR(+) neurons, and these adult cells exhibit different morphologies when migrating to different layers of the olfactory bulb. The study also revealed that altering the expression of the transcription factor Tbr1 can affect the migration and morphology of these newly generated neurons.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Istvan Taisz, Erika Dona, Daniel Munch, Shanice N. Bailey, Billy J. Morris, Kimberly I. Meechan, Katie M. Stevens, Irene Varela-Martinez, Marina Gkantia, Philipp Schlegel, Carlos Ribeiro, Gregory S. X. E. Jefferis, Dana S. Galili
Summary: In Drosophila, a specific olfactory channel processes male pheromones, promoting female courtship and repelling males. The processing streams extract qualitative and positional information, with sensory neurons and projection neurons encoding concentration differences and angular positions of males. The third circuit layer consists of 47 cell types with diverse input-output connectivity, enabling behavioral responses in specific ethological contexts through multisensory integration.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Cheng Tang, Yuki Todo, Junkai Ji, Qiuzhen Lin, Zheng Tang
Summary: The dendritic neuron model (DNM) combined with the back-propagation (BP) algorithm has limitations. To address this, the artificial immune system (AIS) is used to train the DNM, creating AISDNM which shows superior performance and faster convergence speed in classification problems.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Xin-Jin Su, Bei-Duo Shen, Kun Wang, Qing-Xin Song, Xue Yang, De-Sheng Wu, Hong-Xing Shen, Chao Zhu
Summary: The neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF) is a zinc finger transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the development and function of the nervous system. NRSF can both silence and activate gene transcription, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various brain disorders and tumorigenesis. Targeting NRSF and its co-repressors may hold promise as a therapeutic strategy for neural disorders.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Developmental Biology
Candida Tufo, Subathra Poopalasundaram, Ana Dorrego-Rivas, Marc C. Ford, Anthony Graham, Matthew S. Grubb
Summary: This review summarizes the development of the mammalian olfactory bulb, including prenatal, postnatal, and adult stages, focusing on the maturation, morphology, functions, and interactions of its diverse glutamatergic and GABAergic cell types. The review highlights the significant advances made in understanding olfactory bulb development in recent years, as well as the remaining gaps in knowledge that require urgent attention.
Article
Neurosciences
Eduardo Martin-Lopez, D. J. Vidyadhara, Teresa Liberia, Sarah J. Meller, Leah E. Harmon, Ryan M. Hsu, Natalie Spence, Bowen Brennan, Kimberly Han, Bettil Yticel, Sreeganga S. Chandra, Charles A. Greer
Summary: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterized by olfactory dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, transgenic mice expressing the human A30P mutant alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) were used to investigate the pathological changes in the olfactory pathway. The results showed that alpha-syn-Tg mice at late stages exhibited olfactory behavioral deficits, which correlated with severe alpha-syn pathology in projection neurons of the olfactory pathway. Proteomic analyses revealed disruptions in endo-and exocytic pathways, suggesting a possible mechanism behind the olfactory deficits.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Zacnite Mier Quesada, Wendy Portillo, Raul G. Paredes
Summary: Olfaction is essential for various behaviors and functions in rodents, with the main olfactory system (MOS) detecting volatile odorants related to the environment and the accessory olfactory system (AOS) detecting non-volatile olfactory cues influencing reproductive behaviors. Recent evidence suggests that although anatomically distinct, the MOS and AOS are functionally interconnected and can process both volatile and non-volatile odorants. Sexual behavior induces the formation of new neurons that reach both systems from the subventricular zone, dependent on stimulation frequency, temporal presentation, and opioid release. This suggests that the MOS and AOS are part of a highly plastic olfactory system that aids species adaptation to environmental signals.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carolyn Diaz, Kevin M. Franks, Robin M. Blazing
Summary: Many cortical brain regions are organized to optimize sensory representation in a spatially organized manner. A high-throughput tracing study shows that the neural circuits connecting olfactory regions are indeed topographically organized.
Article
Neurosciences
Tamas Papp, Zsuzsanna Ferenczi, Bernadette Szilagyi, Matyas Petro, Angelika Varga, Eva Kokai, Ervin Berenyi, Gabor Olah, Gabor Halmos, Peter Szucs, Zoltan Meszar
Summary: The regulation of neuronal differentiation and synaptogenesis requires precise coordination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. While ultrasound is known to acutely alter neuronal migration and activity, its chronic effect on neuronal behavior or morphology is not well understood. This study investigated the neurobiological effects of high-frequency ultrasound on cortical pyramidal cell morphology in a transgenic mouse model, finding that low-intensity ultrasound stimulation led to increased dendritic branching and activation of certain signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Zhenjie Ma, Weihao Li, Liujing Zhuang, Tieqiao Wen, Ping Wang, Hongmeng Yu, Yongliang Liu, Yiqun Yu
Summary: In this study, TMEM59 is identified as a critical regulator in maintaining and regenerating the olfactory epithelium. TMEM59 deletion leads to transcriptional changes, affecting genes associated with olfactory transduction and inflammatory/immune response. Loss of TMEM59 impairs olfactory functions, decreases proliferation, and promotes infiltration of inflammatory cells. TMEM59 also plays a role in the regeneration of the olfactory epithelium, with reduced proliferative cells and sensory neurons. Anti-inflammatory treatment can recover neuronal generation and olfactory functions, suggesting a potential therapy for olfactory dysfunction associated with inflammation.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Chrysoula Dioli, Patricia Patricio, Lucilia-Goreti Pinto, Clemence Marie, Monica Morais, Sheela Vyas, Joao M. Bessa, Luisa Pinto, Ioannis Sotiropoulos
Summary: The study demonstrates the significant role of Tau in neurogenesis under chronic stress conditions, with Tau-KO mice showing higher levels of neuronal migration. These findings highlight the importance of Tau protein in neurogenesis suppression under stress, emphasizing its role in stress-related plasticity deficits.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jintao Huang, Xiaofeng Liao, Yunhang Zhu
Summary: In this paper, we investigate the limit cycle of a single-neuron system with smooth continuous and binary-value activation functions and its circuit design. We obtain the conditions for the existence of limit cycle through mathematical analysis and numerical simulation, and realize the circuit design for the system. By comparing the results of numerical and circuit simulation, the effectiveness of our mathematical analysis and the feasibility of circuit design are demonstrated.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gowoon Son, Seung-Jun Yoo, Shinwoo Kang, Ameer Rasheed, Da Hae Jung, Hyunjun Park, Bongki Cho, Harry W. M. Steinbusch, Keun-A Chang, Yoo-Hun Suh, Cheil Moon
Summary: Our study focused on the relationship between accumulation of amyloid-beta (A beta) in olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and reduced responses to odorants in 5xFAD mouse models. We found high levels of A beta in certain areas of OSNs, leading to structural damage and hyporeactivity to odorants, which may be a key factor in early AD-related hyposmia.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
