Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiang Chen, Tong Chen, Chen Dong, Huiyao Chen, Xinran Dong, Lin Yang, Liyuan Hu, Huijun Wang, Bingbing Wu, Ye Yao, Yu Xiong, Man Xiong, Yifeng Lin, Wenhao Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the role of CHD8 in cerebellar development and found a potential relationship between cerebellar abnormalities associated with CHD8 mutations and neuropsychiatric disorders.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Giuseppe Gagliano, Anita Monteverdi, Stefano Casali, Umberto Laforenza, Claudia A. M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott, Egidio D'Angelo, Lisa Mapelli
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between neurovascular coupling (NVC) and neuronal activity (NA) using acute mouse cerebellar slices. The findings suggest that NVC involves a balance between the NMDAR-NO pathway and the mGluRs-20HETE pathway, with the latter playing a role at intermediate frequencies. This has important implications for interpreting fMRI signals.
Article
Cell Biology
Christelle Cadilhac, Isabelle Bachy, Antoine Forget, David J. Hodson, Celine Jahannault-Talignani, Andrew J. Furley, Olivier Ayrault, Patrice Mollard, Constantino Sotelo, Fabrice Ango
Summary: In the cerebellar molecular layer, GABAergic interneurons derived from the same progenitor pool utilize separate migration paths to reach their laminar position and differentiate into distinct GABAergic interneuron subtypes. Using two-photon live imaging, it was found that the final laminar position of stellate cells requires an additional step of tangential migration supported by a subpopulation of glutamatergic granule cells.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mizuki Kato, Erik De Schutter
Summary: The primary dendrite selection of Purkinje cells is related to the migration of their presynaptic partner granule cells. A computational model was constructed to explore the role of physical and synaptic interactions in dendritic selection. The model suggests that interaction with parallel fibers is crucial for establishing the distinct planar morphology of Purkinje cell dendrites.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Igor Y. Iskusnykh, Victor V. Chizhikov
Summary: Preterm birth and its associated factors have negative impacts on cerebellar development, which is involved in motor coordination, cognition, learning, memory, and social communication. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating cerebellar pathology affected by preterm birth is crucial for developing new treatment and neuroprotective strategies to improve cognitive, behavioral, and motor deficits in preterm individuals.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Wenqin Luo, Guan Ning Lin, Weichen Song, Yu Zhang, Huadong Lai, Man Zhang, Juju Miao, Xiaomu Cheng, Yongjie Wang, Wang Li, Wenxiang Wei, Wei-Qiang Gao, Ru Yang, Jia Wang
Summary: This study used single-cell spatial transcriptomics analysis to reveal the similarities and differences between developing cerebellar granule cells and medulloblastoma cells. The research identified different states of developing granule cells and found that transformed granule cells in medulloblastoma closely resemble developing granule neurons but exhibit less tendency to differentiate. This provides direct evidence for the similarities and discrepancies between normal cerebellar development and tumorigenesis.
Article
Developmental Biology
Biren M. Dave, Xin Chen, Fraser McCready, Connor S. Charton, Rachel M. Morley, Jignesh K. Tailor, James Ellis, Xi Huang, Peter B. Dirks
Summary: This study differentiated human hindbrain neuroepithelial stem cells into cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) in vitro, mimicking their development process and identifying human specific sub-ventricular cell identities. The study also found that sonic hedgehog promotes GABAergic lineage specification and CGN progenitor proliferation. This work provides a new model for studying the development and diseases of the CGN lineage in a human context.
Article
Biology
Elijah D. Lowenstein, Aleksandra Rusanova, Jonas Stelzer, Marc Hernaiz-Llorens, Adrian E. Schroer, Ekaterina Epifanova, Francesca Bladt, Eser Goeksu Isik, Sven Buchert, Shiqi Jia, Victor Tarabykin, Luis R. Hernandez-Miranda
Summary: The transcription factor Olig3 plays a key role in generating early neuronal derivatives in mice by regulating progenitor cell proliferation in the rhombic lip and safeguarding Purkinje cell specification in the ventricular zone.
News Item
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emil Martin
Summary: The susceptibility of nitric oxide to scavenging and oxidation restricts its availability and signaling role. However, recent studies suggest that a NO-ferroheme adduct is resistant to these limitations and may function as an alternative signaling molecule derived from nitric oxide in vasculature.
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Seung-Woon Baek, Da-Seul Kim, Jun-Kyu Lee, Jun Hyuk Kim, Semi Lee, Jeong Min Park, So-Yeon Park, Duck Hyun Song, Chun Gwon Park, Dong Keun Han
Summary: A novel nanoparticle with enhanced nitric oxide (NO) generating ability was synthesized to improve the biodegradable vascular scaffold (BVS) intervention for coronary artery diseases. The BVS containing the synthesized nanoparticles demonstrated potent functional recovery ability of unhealthy vessels by inhibiting platelet adhesion and activation, increasing endothelial cell proliferation, and decreasing smooth muscle cell proliferation. The BVS also showed scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species and inhibition of toxic NO production, with suppressed inflammatory response and induced healthy blood vessel formation when implanted in mice. This offers a new tool for designing cardiovascular stents and various biological applications.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Megan Pophal, Zachary W. Grimmett, Clara Chu, Seunghee Margevicius, Thomas Raffay, Kristie Ross, Anjum Jafri, Olivia Giddings, Jonathan S. Stamler, Benjamin Gaston, James D. Reynolds
Summary: The study suggests that F-ENO could reflect airway S-nitrosothiol concentrations and serve as a biomarker for asthma. Inhalational challenge with GSNO resulted in increased F-ENO, indicating a potential non-invasive test for monitoring airway GSNO breakdown.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Namitha Brijit Bejoy, Prahlad Roy Chowdhury, G. Naresh Patwari
Summary: The release of NO upon photodissociation of nitroaromatic compounds is influenced by the interaction between the NO2 group and substituent in the ortho position. Two distinct NO elimination channels are observed with a bimodal translational energy distribution of the NO photofragment. The hydrogen bonding ability of the ortho substituent regulates the ratio of slow-to-fast branching for NO release, with OH and NH2 favoring the roaming mechanism.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sinisa Prelic, Merid N. Getahun, Sabine Kaltofen, Bill S. Hansson, Dieter Wicher
Summary: Olfaction is a crucial sensory modality in insects, but the regulation of odorant receptor function and intracellular signaling pathways in the sensory periphery are not fully understood. This study investigates the presence and role of nitric oxide (NO) signaling in the antennal tissue of Drosophila. The researchers find that while the NO signaling machinery is present, inhibiting or activating the NO-cGMP pathway does not affect olfactory responses. Additionally, cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP have no effect on olfactory responses, suggesting that NO may not be a regulator of olfactory transduction in insects.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Nicolas C. Cruz, Milagros Marin, Juana L. Redondo, Eva M. Ortigosa, Pilar M. Ortigosa
Summary: This study compared different algorithms to replace a genetic optimizer for creating realistic and computationally efficient neuron models, finding that all alternatives outperformed the original method, with the last two performing the best in all scenarios.
Article
Cell Biology
Xin-Tai Wang, Lin Zhou, Xin-Yu Cai, Fang-Xiao Xu, Zhi-Heng Xu, Xiang-Yao Li, Ying Shen
Summary: Mutant mice with specific deletion of Mea6 in granule cells exhibit abnormal posture, balance, and motor learning, as well as disrupted migration of granule cell progenitors and damaged parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses, suggesting a role for Mea6 in cerebellar development and function.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Song Xue, Feng Kong, Yiying Song, Jia Liu
Summary: This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the relationship between individual's spontaneous neural activity and social interaction anxiety in a nonclinical population. The results showed that social interaction anxiety was correlated with the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in several brain regions, and that emotional intelligence partially mediated this relationship. This study provides evidence for the neural basis of social interaction anxiety in the normal population and highlights the role of emotional intelligence in this anxiety.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Katsuyuki Yamaguchi, Takuya Yazawa
Summary: This study provides morphometric data on the development of the human medullary arcuate nucleus (AN) by examining the brains of preterm and perinatal infants. The results show that AN morphology demonstrates asymmetry and individual variability during the fetal period. The volume and neuronal number of AN increase exponentially with age, while neuronal density decreases exponentially. The AN may undergo neuron death and neuroblasts production after mid-gestation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhan Zhou, Weixin Dai, Tianxiao Liu, Min Shi, Yi Wei, Lifei Chen, Yubo Xie
Summary: Studies have shown that propofol-induced neurotoxicity is caused by disruption of mitochondrial fission and fusion, leading to an energy supply imbalance for developing neurons. Healthy mitochondria released by astrocytes can migrate to compromised neurons to mitigate propofol-induced neurotoxicity, but the exact mechanisms involved still need further clarification.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
An Chen, Song Hao, Yongpeng Han, Yang Fang, Yibei Miao
Summary: This study explores the efficacy of two forms of BCI attention training games and finds that physical games may be more effective than video games. The research also offers valuable insights for future game design from a neuroscience perspective.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lina Liu, Luran Liu, Yunting Lu, Tianyuan Zhang, Wenting Zhao
Summary: This study reveals that GDI1 serves as a potential diagnostic biomarker for AD and inhibition of GDI1 can attenuate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. The findings offer new insights for the treatment of AD.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zahra Gholami, Ava Soltani Hekmat, Ali Abbasi, Kazem Javanmardi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of alamandine on allodynia in a rat model and found the presence of MrgD receptors in the vlPAG and RVM regions. Microinjection of alamandine resulted in a significant increase in paw withdrawal threshold and could be blocked by an MrgD receptor antagonist. Upregulation of MrgD receptor expression following allodynia induction suggests a potential compensatory mechanism in response to pain.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Mingliang Xu, Lei Xia, Junjie Li, Yehong Du, Zhifang Dong
Summary: This study found that DHF effectively alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in developing mice by restoring the balance between tau O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation. Therefore, DHF has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for treating cognitive impairment associated with anesthetics, such as sevoflurane.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Tsubasa Mitsutake, Hisato Nakazono, Takanori Taniguchi, Hisayoshi Yoshizuka, Maiko Sakamoto
Summary: The posterior parietal cortex plays a crucial role in postural stability, and transcranial electrical stimulation of this region can modulate physical control responses. This study found that cathodal stimulation significantly decreased joint angular velocity in multiple directions, while there were no significant differences with transcranial random noise stimulation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xishuai Yang, Wei Zhang, Xueli Chang, Zuopeng Li, Runquan Du, Junhong Guo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose rituximab (RTX) in patients with muscle-specific kinase antibody positive myasthenia gravis (MuSK-MG). The results showed that low-dose RTX treatment led to significant improvements in clinical symptoms and quality of life for patients with MuSK-MG.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Jian Zhang, Shunyuan Guo, Rong Tao, Fan Wang, Yihong Xie, Huizi Wang, Lan Ding, Yuejian Shen, Xiaoli Zhou, Junli Feng, Qing Shen
Summary: This study established an Alzheimer's disease (AD) model of zebrafish induced by AlCl3 and found that marine-derived plasmalogens (Pls) could alleviate cognitive impairments of AD zebrafish by reversing athletic impairment and altering the expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress, ferroptosis, synaptic dysfunction, and apoptosis.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lu Li, Jiaqi Ren, Qi Fang, Liqiang Yu, Jintao Wang
Summary: ICU-AW is a common and severe neuromuscular complication in critically ill patients. Electrophysiological examination is essential for accurate diagnosis and early prediction of the disease. This study aimed to establish and validate an ICU-AW predictive model in SIRS patients, providing a practical tool for early clinical prediction.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Ahmad Alipour, Roghayeh Mohammadi
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the separate and combined effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) regions on pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from neuropathic pain (NP). The results showed that tDCS had the potential to induce pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from NP. The mean perceived pain intensity in the posttest was lower in the M1 stimulation group than in the F3 stimulation group. However, more trials with larger sample sizes are necessary to define clinically relevant effects.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Eduardo J. Fusse, Franciele F. Scarante, Maria A. Vicente, Mariana M. Marrubia, Flavia Turcato, Davi S. Scomparin, Melissa A. Ribeiro, Maria J. Figueiredo, Tamires A. V. Brigante, Francisco S. Guimaraes, Alline C. Campos
Summary: Repeated exposure to psychosocial stress alters the endocannabinoid system and affects brain regions associated with emotional distress. Enhancing the effects of endocannabinoids through pharmacological inhibition induces an anti-stress behavioral effect, possibly mediated by the mTOR signaling pathway.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Giulia Agostoni, Luca Bischetti, Federica Repaci, Margherita Bechi, Marco Spangaro, Irene Ceccato, Elena Cavallini, Luca Fiorentino, Francesca Martini, Jacopo Sapienza, Mariachiara Buonocore, Michele Francesco D'Incalci, Federica Cocchi, Carmelo Guglielmino, Roberto Cavallaro, Marta Bosia, Valentina Bambini
Summary: This study found a general impairment in humor comprehension in individuals with schizophrenia, with mental jokes being more difficult for both patients and controls. Humor comprehension was closely associated with the patients' overall pragmatic and linguistic profile, while the association with Theory of Mind (ToM) was minimal. Another notable finding was the increased appreciation of humor in individuals with schizophrenia, who rated jokes as funnier than controls did, regardless of whether they were correctly or incorrectly completed. The funniness ratings were not predicted by any measure, suggesting a dimension of humor untied to cognition or psychopathology.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiuping Gong, Qi Li, Yang Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that Sev targets CREBBP to inhibit ALG13 transcription, leading to hippocampal damage and cognitive impairment.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)