Review
Neurosciences
Vincent Senecal, Corinne Barat, Michel J. Tremblay
Summary: HIV-1 infection leads to HAND, with antiretroviral therapy reducing systemic viral load but not the prevalence of the disorder. There is a need for new adjunctive treatments to address persistent neurological disturbances.
Review
Neurosciences
Jianhui Liu, Xuanran Feng, Yi Wang, Xiaohuan Xia, Jialin C. Zheng
Summary: Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the brain, have been found to be GABAceptive and play a role in regulating neurotransmission and brain function by capturing and releasing GABA.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung Hee Lee, Myeounghoon Cha, Bae Hwan Lee
Summary: This article discusses the role of glia in protecting neurons from oxidative injury and maintaining antioxidant defense mechanisms in the brain, as well as the essential crosstalk between glia and neurons to maintain redox balance for protection against oxidative stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi Wang, Jie Li, Meng-Yue Wang, Zhi-Yong Pan, Zhi-Qiang Li, Ze-Fen Wang
Summary: Neuronal activity is closely linked to energy metabolism, and the mechanisms underlying inflammation-induced neuronal injury are not fully understood. This study revealed that chronic inflammation affects the levels and metabolism of lactate in astrocytes and neurons, leading to increased lactate supply to neurons but impaired lactate oxidation. Additionally, chronic inflammation disrupts the neuronal cytoskeleton.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gee Euhn Choi, Chang Woo Chae, Mo Ran Park, Jee Hyeon Yoon, Young Hyun Jung, Hyun Jik Lee, Ho Jae Han
Summary: Exposure to prenatal stress has irreversible effects on neurogenesis and can lead to cognitive and neuropsychiatric abnormalities in adulthood. This study identified glucocorticoid as a key factor impairing neurogenesis and inducing abnormal behaviors. The researchers also discovered that astrocytes derived from neural stem cells exhibited neurotoxic properties after glucocorticoid treatment. Additionally, the study revealed that cortisol-treated astrocytic conditioned media inhibited glutamatergic synaptic formation and transmission in differentiating neurons. Restoring the expression of neuroligin 1 and neuronal FGFR1 through FGF2 treatment improved glutamatergic synaptogenesis and overall neurogenesis. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the impact of prenatal stress on brain development.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ganggui Zhu, Xiaoyu Wang, Luxi Chen, Cameron Lenahan, Zaixiang Fu, Yuanjian Fang, Wenhua Yu
Summary: This article discusses the adverse consequences of oxidative stress and the role of glial cells in stroke. Glial cells are rapidly activated after stroke, generating large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative damage. Additionally, ROS regulate the function of glial cells in pathological processes such as neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier damage. However, glial cells also protect the central nervous system from oxidative damage by synthesizing antioxidants and regulating the Nrf2 pathway.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kento Nishi, Hiroto Izumi, Taisuke Tomonaga, Chikage Nagano, Yasuo Morimoto, Seichi Horie
Summary: Psychological stress and depression are closely related, and IL-6 is elevated in both conditions. This study investigated the impact of IL-6 on EVs secreted by neural precursor cells and found that IL-6 alters the miRNA composition of EVs, leading to changes in mRNA expression related to nerve regeneration in astrocytes and microglia.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Viktor Aniol, Anna Manolova, Natalia Gulyaeva
Summary: The dentate gyrus (DG), an important part of the hippocampus, is affected by early life stress, which can cause long-lasting changes in its structure and functioning. This review comprehensively discusses the effects of early life events on the maturation of neurons and glial cells in the DG.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chenhui Ji, Yalin Tang, Yanyan Zhang, Congcong Li, Huazheng Liang, Lu Ding, Xiaohuan Xia, Lize Xiong, Xin-Rui Qi, Jialin C. Zheng
Summary: Glutaminase 1 (GLS1) has been found to play a crucial role in neuroinflammation, particularly in depression. By targeting GLS1 in microglia, it is possible to alleviate neuroinflammation and depression-like behaviors.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yingjie Hu, Yuye Chen, Tongtong Liu, Chang Zhu, Li Wan, Wenlong Yao
Summary: Pain is a common clinical condition with mechanisms not fully understood. Recent studies have shown that the cGAS-STING pathway plays a critical role in pain processing by activating the innate immune system. This review summarizes the roles of this pathway in different pain models, the effects on different cell types, and the downstream molecular mechanisms. The cGAS-STING pathway has both pro- and anti-nociceptive effects and involves various molecules in pain regulation. However, further exploration is needed to understand its effects in specific brain regions, astrocyte activation, and different pain phases.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Jing Yan, Xiaole Tang, Zhi-qiang Zhou, Jie Zhang, Yilin Zhao, Shiyong Li, Ailin Luo
Summary: SIRTs are a class of NAD+-dependent deacylases that regulate cell functions. CNS decline leads to impaired cognitive and social abilities, so understanding potential targets to promote CNS homeostasis is crucial.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Rena Kono, Yuji Ikegaya, Ryuta Koyama
Summary: Microglia and astrocytes are important phagocytic cells in the brain, responsible for maintaining brain homeostasis by engulfing various materials. While they have different phagocytic abilities, both cell types play crucial roles in clearance processes.
Article
Immunology
Junjun Ni, Juan Zhao, Xinwen Zhang, Thomas Reinheckel, Vito Turk, Hiroshi Nakanishi
Summary: The study found that Cathepsin H plays a critical role in the proteolytic maturation and stabilization of TLR3, which is necessary for IFN-beta production. CatH deficiency led to impaired TLR3/IFN-beta signaling, resulting in microglial cell death and astrogliosis/glial scar formation in the hippocampus following HI injury, thereby suppressing hippocampal atrophy.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Sujin Hyung, Ji-Hye Park, Kyuhwan Jung
Summary: Optogenetic techniques, combining optics and genetics, offer cell-specific targeting and precise control of excitable cells, providing valuable insights into the complex nervous system. The activation of neurons through optogenetics allows for the regulation of information processing and nerve structure development. Recent advancements in optogenetic glial manipulation have shown the potential for coordinating neuron-glia communication and supporting nerve fibers. Further research is needed to optimize the technique and explore its therapeutic applications.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yuluo Rong, Chengyue Ji, Zhuanghui Wang, Xuhui Ge, Jiaxing Wang, Wu Ye, Pengyu Tang, Dongdong Jiang, Jin Fan, Guoyong Yin, Wei Liu, Weihua Cai
Summary: After spinal cord injury, astrocytes release CCL2 through sEVs, affecting microglia and neurons, leading to neuronal apoptosis and microglial activation. The activated microglia then release IL-1 beta, further exacerbating neuronal apoptosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sasuk Kim, Juhee Lim, Yeojin Bang, Jisook Moon, Min-Soo Kwon, Jin Tae Hong, Jeha Jeon, Hyemyung Seo, Hyun Jin Choi
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Min-Jung Park, Hyun-Sun Park, Min-Jung You, Jongman Yoo, Seung Hyun Kim, Min-Soo Kwon
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Correction
Psychiatry
Hoyoung Sohn, Min-Soo Kwon, Sun-Woo Lee, Jongsoo Oh, Min-Kyoung Kim, Sang-Hyuk Lee, Kang Soo Lee, Borah Kim
PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION
(2018)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ki-Wook Oh, Min-Young Noh, Min-Soo Kwon, Hyun Young Kim, Seong-il Oh, Jinseok Park, Hee-Jin Kim, Chang-Seok Ki, Seung Hyun Kim
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2018)
Article
Orthopedics
Dhong Won Lee, In Keun Park, Min Jeong Kim, Woo Jong Kim, Min Soo Kwon, Sung Jin Kang, Jin Goo Kim, Young Yi
ORTHOPAEDICS & TRAUMATOLOGY-SURGERY & RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Joong-Won Ha, Min-Jung You, Hyun-Sun Park, Jong Wan Kim, Min-Soo Kwon
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
JooHyun Jee, Sang Yun Jeong, Han Kyung Kim, Seon Young Choi, Sukin Jeong, Joongwoon Lee, Ji Su Ko, Mi Sun Kim, Min-Soo Kwon, Jongman Yoo
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Joo Hyun Jee, Dong Hyeon Lee, Jisu Ko, Soojung Hahn, Sang Yun Jeong, Han Kyung Kim, Enoch Park, Seon Young Choi, Sukin Jeong, Joong Woon Lee, Han-Jun Cho, Min-Soo Kwon, Jongman Yoo
STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Jaehwa Lim, Hoyoung Sohn, Min-Soo Kwon, Borah Kim
Summary: This study found significantly elevated levels of TNF-alpha and IL-8 in patients with MDD compared to healthy controls, along with lower FA and higher MD and RD values in specific WM regions. Voxel-wise correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between TNF-alpha levels and changes in white matter microstructure in specific brain regions.
CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Bohyun Yang, Jae-Sang Ryu, Chan Rim, Jung U. Shin, Min-Soo Kwon
Summary: This study aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying anxiety/depressive-like behaviors in atopic dermatitis (AD). The findings suggest that reduced Arg1 positive microglia may contribute to these behaviors through pCREB/BDNF reduction in AD.
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Min-Jung You, Chan Rim, Youn-Jung Kang, Min-Soo Kwon
Summary: This study developed a new method to obtain mature microglia from mouse NEL at E13.5, which exhibited microglial functions and maintained characteristics in passage culture. Transcriptome analysis showed NEL-MG had better conservation of microglia signature genes compared to neonatal microglia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyu-Beom Jang, Min-Jung You, Bohyun Yang, Chan Rim, Hui-Ju Kim, Min-Soo Kwon
Summary: The acidic environment caused by stroke, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer's disease can alter the functioning of microglia. However, the mechanisms underlying these functional changes are unclear. This study found that acidic stimuli increased the levels of certain molecules and reduced others in BV2 cells, leading to impaired phagocytic function. Short-term exposure to acidity affected specific signaling pathways, while prolonged exposure normalized some levels and increased others. Inhibiting the ERK pathway restored the functional changes induced by acidic environment in microglia. These findings suggest that targeting the ERK pathway may be a potential strategy for treating microglial dysfunction in neurological disorders.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Min-Soo Kwon
Summary: Microglia have long been considered the main culprits in neuroinflammatory responses due to their role as primary phagocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). However, recent research has shown that advanced and precise approaches targeting microglia are more effective in managing neurological disorders. Microglia derived from the yolk sac have a heterogeneous composition and play a crucial role in maintaining CNS homeostasis and phagocytosis. Disruptions in microglia development can lead to neurodevelopmental disorders, and microglia can aggravate or alleviate neuroinflammation depending on the microenvironment.
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Min-Jung You, Chan Rim, Minji Bang, Soyoung Sung, Hui-Ju Kim, Sang-Hyuk Lee, Min-Soo Kwon
Summary: This study found that microglia in patients with panic disorder have unique characteristics, including dysregulation of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and impaired phagocytosis, which reflect their clinical phenotype.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Chan Rim, Hyun-Sun Park, Min-Jung You, Bohyun Yang, Hui-Ju Kim, Soyoung Sung, Min-Soo Kwon
Summary: Fetal microglia, being sensitive to changes in the utero environment, may play a role in the sex-biased onset of psychiatric disorders. In this study, prenatal exposure to dexamethasone induced schizophrenia-relevant behaviors in male mice and depressive-like behavior in female mice. The altered microglial function and dopaine system proteins were observed in the affected brain regions. These findings suggest that altered microglial function and increased synaptic pruning may be involved in the occurrence of psychiatric disorders in the prenatal dexamethasone-exposed offspring.
Article
Neurosciences
Song Xue, Feng Kong, Yiying Song, Jia Liu
Summary: This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the relationship between individual's spontaneous neural activity and social interaction anxiety in a nonclinical population. The results showed that social interaction anxiety was correlated with the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in several brain regions, and that emotional intelligence partially mediated this relationship. This study provides evidence for the neural basis of social interaction anxiety in the normal population and highlights the role of emotional intelligence in this anxiety.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Katsuyuki Yamaguchi, Takuya Yazawa
Summary: This study provides morphometric data on the development of the human medullary arcuate nucleus (AN) by examining the brains of preterm and perinatal infants. The results show that AN morphology demonstrates asymmetry and individual variability during the fetal period. The volume and neuronal number of AN increase exponentially with age, while neuronal density decreases exponentially. The AN may undergo neuron death and neuroblasts production after mid-gestation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhan Zhou, Weixin Dai, Tianxiao Liu, Min Shi, Yi Wei, Lifei Chen, Yubo Xie
Summary: Studies have shown that propofol-induced neurotoxicity is caused by disruption of mitochondrial fission and fusion, leading to an energy supply imbalance for developing neurons. Healthy mitochondria released by astrocytes can migrate to compromised neurons to mitigate propofol-induced neurotoxicity, but the exact mechanisms involved still need further clarification.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
An Chen, Song Hao, Yongpeng Han, Yang Fang, Yibei Miao
Summary: This study explores the efficacy of two forms of BCI attention training games and finds that physical games may be more effective than video games. The research also offers valuable insights for future game design from a neuroscience perspective.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lina Liu, Luran Liu, Yunting Lu, Tianyuan Zhang, Wenting Zhao
Summary: This study reveals that GDI1 serves as a potential diagnostic biomarker for AD and inhibition of GDI1 can attenuate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. The findings offer new insights for the treatment of AD.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zahra Gholami, Ava Soltani Hekmat, Ali Abbasi, Kazem Javanmardi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of alamandine on allodynia in a rat model and found the presence of MrgD receptors in the vlPAG and RVM regions. Microinjection of alamandine resulted in a significant increase in paw withdrawal threshold and could be blocked by an MrgD receptor antagonist. Upregulation of MrgD receptor expression following allodynia induction suggests a potential compensatory mechanism in response to pain.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Mingliang Xu, Lei Xia, Junjie Li, Yehong Du, Zhifang Dong
Summary: This study found that DHF effectively alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in developing mice by restoring the balance between tau O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation. Therefore, DHF has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for treating cognitive impairment associated with anesthetics, such as sevoflurane.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Tsubasa Mitsutake, Hisato Nakazono, Takanori Taniguchi, Hisayoshi Yoshizuka, Maiko Sakamoto
Summary: The posterior parietal cortex plays a crucial role in postural stability, and transcranial electrical stimulation of this region can modulate physical control responses. This study found that cathodal stimulation significantly decreased joint angular velocity in multiple directions, while there were no significant differences with transcranial random noise stimulation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xishuai Yang, Wei Zhang, Xueli Chang, Zuopeng Li, Runquan Du, Junhong Guo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose rituximab (RTX) in patients with muscle-specific kinase antibody positive myasthenia gravis (MuSK-MG). The results showed that low-dose RTX treatment led to significant improvements in clinical symptoms and quality of life for patients with MuSK-MG.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Jian Zhang, Shunyuan Guo, Rong Tao, Fan Wang, Yihong Xie, Huizi Wang, Lan Ding, Yuejian Shen, Xiaoli Zhou, Junli Feng, Qing Shen
Summary: This study established an Alzheimer's disease (AD) model of zebrafish induced by AlCl3 and found that marine-derived plasmalogens (Pls) could alleviate cognitive impairments of AD zebrafish by reversing athletic impairment and altering the expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress, ferroptosis, synaptic dysfunction, and apoptosis.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lu Li, Jiaqi Ren, Qi Fang, Liqiang Yu, Jintao Wang
Summary: ICU-AW is a common and severe neuromuscular complication in critically ill patients. Electrophysiological examination is essential for accurate diagnosis and early prediction of the disease. This study aimed to establish and validate an ICU-AW predictive model in SIRS patients, providing a practical tool for early clinical prediction.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Ahmad Alipour, Roghayeh Mohammadi
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the separate and combined effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) regions on pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from neuropathic pain (NP). The results showed that tDCS had the potential to induce pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from NP. The mean perceived pain intensity in the posttest was lower in the M1 stimulation group than in the F3 stimulation group. However, more trials with larger sample sizes are necessary to define clinically relevant effects.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Eduardo J. Fusse, Franciele F. Scarante, Maria A. Vicente, Mariana M. Marrubia, Flavia Turcato, Davi S. Scomparin, Melissa A. Ribeiro, Maria J. Figueiredo, Tamires A. V. Brigante, Francisco S. Guimaraes, Alline C. Campos
Summary: Repeated exposure to psychosocial stress alters the endocannabinoid system and affects brain regions associated with emotional distress. Enhancing the effects of endocannabinoids through pharmacological inhibition induces an anti-stress behavioral effect, possibly mediated by the mTOR signaling pathway.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Giulia Agostoni, Luca Bischetti, Federica Repaci, Margherita Bechi, Marco Spangaro, Irene Ceccato, Elena Cavallini, Luca Fiorentino, Francesca Martini, Jacopo Sapienza, Mariachiara Buonocore, Michele Francesco D'Incalci, Federica Cocchi, Carmelo Guglielmino, Roberto Cavallaro, Marta Bosia, Valentina Bambini
Summary: This study found a general impairment in humor comprehension in individuals with schizophrenia, with mental jokes being more difficult for both patients and controls. Humor comprehension was closely associated with the patients' overall pragmatic and linguistic profile, while the association with Theory of Mind (ToM) was minimal. Another notable finding was the increased appreciation of humor in individuals with schizophrenia, who rated jokes as funnier than controls did, regardless of whether they were correctly or incorrectly completed. The funniness ratings were not predicted by any measure, suggesting a dimension of humor untied to cognition or psychopathology.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiuping Gong, Qi Li, Yang Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that Sev targets CREBBP to inhibit ALG13 transcription, leading to hippocampal damage and cognitive impairment.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
