Review
Environmental Sciences
Dylan J. Wallis, Lisa Truong, Jane La Du, Robyn L. Tanguay, David M. Reif
Summary: Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can lead to a variety of disorders by disrupting the complex endocrine signaling pathways that regulate development, physiology, and behavior across the body. The mechanisms of endocrine disruption, such as gene regulation and DNA/protein binding, are linked to differences in individual susceptibility within diverse populations. Research is needed to further understand how gene-environment interactions across these pathways may contribute to differences in susceptibility to EDCs, with a focus on the intricate thyroid pathway.
Review
Cell Biology
Elly I. Lewerissa, Nael Nadif Kasri, Katrin Linda
Summary: Autophagy is a crucial metabolic process for maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival. Recent studies have shown the importance of autophagy in brain function, particularly in neuronal development and functioning. Mutations in autophagy-related genes as well as genes involved in epigenetic regulation have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). This suggests that aberrant autophagic regulation may contribute to nervous system impairments in NDDs with disturbed epigenetic regulation.
Article
Neurosciences
Fan Luo, Zimo Zhu, Yang Du, Lei Chen, Yong Cheng
Summary: Postpartum depression is a serious mood disorder that occurs after childbirth and can have lifelong consequences for women and their families. It is influenced by various risk factors, including environmental and genetic factors. Gene-environment interactions play a role in postpartum depression, as evidenced by studies on genes related to neurotransmitters, the HPA axis, and the kynurenine pathway. However, the conclusions regarding these risk factors, especially genetic factors, are not consistent, and further research is needed to understand the heritability and susceptibility of postpartum depression.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Janne Tidselbak Larsen, Cynthia M. Bulik, Laura M. Thornton, Susanne Vinkel Koch, Liselotte Petersen
Summary: Prematurity is associated with increased risk of eating disorders, while increasing parental ages are related to gradually increasing risk of AN, distinct from other psychiatric disorders. The study suggests that pregnancy and early life are vulnerable developmental periods affecting offspring mental health and eating disorder risk.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fernando Mora, Miguel A. Alvarez-Mon, Sonia Fernandez-Rojo, Miguel A. Ortega, Miriam P. Felix-Alcantara, Isabel Morales-Gil, Alberto Rodriguez-Quiroga, Melchor Alvarez-Mon, Javier Quintero
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between sociodemographic and behavioral factors, as well as self-esteem, in students of the first cycle of middle school and the likelihood of belonging to the risk group of eating disorders (ED). The results suggest that self-esteem is significantly related to belonging to an ED risk group, and variables related to dysfunctional feeding patterns are also associated with ED risk. These findings can help inform the development of effective preventive programs for EDs.
Article
Oncology
Debora D'Angelo Papaiz, Flavia Eichemberger Rius, Ana Luisa Pedroso Ayub, Clarice S. Origassa, Hemant Gujar, Diogo de Oliveira Pessoa, Eduardo Moraes Reis, Jeremie Nsengimana, Julia Newton-Bishop, Christopher E. Mason, Daniel J. Weisenberger, Gangning Liang, Miriam Galvonas Jasiulionis
Summary: In addition to mutations, epigenetic alterations contribute significantly to malignant transformation and tumor progression. By analyzing the methylome and transcriptome data, this study identified the relationship between changes in promoter and/or gene body DNA methylation and gene expression during different stages of melanoma progression. Two genes, Adcy3 and Inpp4b, were found to affect tumor growth and metastasis. The findings were validated by comparing them with clinical data from primary melanoma cohorts, suggesting potential prognostic markers.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kris A. Christensen, Jeremy Le Luyer, Michelle T. T. Chan, Eric B. Rondeau, Ben F. Koop, Louis Bernatchez, Robert H. Devlin
Summary: The study found that growth hormone transgenic coho salmon shows significant differences in growth rate in different environments, with potential mechanisms influencing this growth rate interaction related to stress. Gene transcription and methylation analyses revealed the impact of rearing environment on gene expression and methylation, but the effect of epigenetic marks on altered growth and physiological responses is still unclear.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bernadetta Izydorczyk, Ha Truong Thi Khanh, Malgorzata Lipowska, Katarzyna Sitnik-Warchulska, Sebastian Lizinczyk
Summary: This study found that Vietnamese women are less satisfied with their appearance but show a lower level of concern about being overweight and obesity. In terms of psychological variables, Vietnamese women exhibit greater intensities related to restrictive and bulimic eating behaviors.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephanie Calluori, Rebecca Stark, Brandon L. L. Pearson
Summary: Short tandem repeats (STRs) are repetitive sequences of 1-6 base pairs that can expand or contract, and have been linked to over 50 diseases affecting the central nervous system and muscles. Environmental factors play a role in the development of repeat expansion diseases by inducing DNA damage and repair pathways. Oxidative stress and epigenetic modifications are potential mediators of environmentally induced repeat instability. Further research is needed to identify environmental modulators and their mechanisms of action in order to inform prevention and treatment strategies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Leonardo Cecchini, Federico Biscetti, Maria Margherita Rando, Elisabetta Nardella, Giovanni Pecorini, Luis H. Eraso, Paul J. Dimuzio, Antonio Gasbarrini, Massimo Massetti, Andrea Flex
Summary: This article discusses the interplay between nutrition and the development/progression of PAD, summarizing the current research on dietary risk factors and their impact on PAD. It also explores the effects of dietary patterns and eating disorders on PAD and its complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yenching Lin, Srinivasulu Yerukala Sathipati, Shinn-Ying Ho
Summary: This research aims to predict the risk genes of ASD by identifying the temporospatial regions of brain structures and exploring the specificity of ASD gene expression. The study achieved a high accuracy in distinguishing the risk genes of ASD and non-ASD genes, providing valuable insights into the genetic factors specific to different brain regions in ASD patients.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Jie Liu, Binjie Huang, Feifei Ding, Yumin Li
Summary: The rapid development of science and technology and the changing economic and social factors are altering the way of life for humans, while also contributing to the increasing incidence of cancer worldwide. Various environmental factors, such as diet, living habits, and genetic factors, have been found to be closely related to the development of cancer in humans. DNA methylation has become a crucial link between the environment and cancer research, as it can affect the expression and mutation of genes associated with cancer. Utilizing DNA methylation as an early warning marker has the potential to revolutionize the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Carmen Varela, Angela Hoyo, Maria Eugenia Tapia-Sanz, Ana Isabel Jimenez-Gonzalez, Benito Javier Moral, Paula Rodriguez-Fernandez, Yadirnaci Vargas-Hernandez, Luis Jorge Ruiz-Sanchez
Summary: Eating disorders are serious psychological problems that affect individuals and their environment. They are more prevalent among adolescents. Understanding the risk factors of eating disorders is essential for designing effective prevention and intervention programs. This study found that society and the individual's inner circle play a crucial role in the development of eating disorders.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jocelyn T. Chi, Ilse C. F. Ipsen, Tzu-Hung Hsiao, Ching-Heng Lin, Li-San Wang, Wan-Ping Lee, Tzu-Pin Lu, Jung-Ying Tzeng
Summary: The explosion of biobank data provides unprecedented opportunities for gene-environment interaction studies, but also brings new computational challenges. SEAGLE is a scalable exact algorithm for large-scale set-based GxE tests, capable of accommodating large sample sizes and efficiently calculating test statistics and p-values without additional assumptions.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Constantine A. Stratakis
Summary: The relationship between genes and the environment in relation to health has been heavily debated. Both Darwin and Lamarck's theories hold true in contemporary genetics - environmental pressures can affect genes through epigenetics, allowing for inheritance of changes, while evolution through natural selection is the basis for the incorporation or rejection of new traits.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
L. Propper, A. Sandstrom, S. Rempel, E. Howes Vallis, S. Abidi, A. Bagnell, D. Lovas, M. Alda, B. Pavlova, R. Uher
Summary: Offspring of parents with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder have higher rates of neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ole Koehler-Forsberg, Robert Keers, Rudolf Uher, Joanna Hauser, Wolfgang Maier, Marcella Rietschel, Peter McGuffin, Anne E. Farmer, Katherine J. Aitchison, Ole Mors
Summary: This study suggests that there may be correlations between personality traits and antidepressant treatment response, but these correlations may be confounded by differential rates of discontinuation.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Prabhjot Dhami, Lena C. Quilty, Benjamin Schwartzmann, Rudolf Uher, Timothy A. Allen, Stefan Kloiber, Raymond W. Lam, Glenda MacQueen, Benicio N. Frey, Roumen Milev, Daniel J. Mueller, Stephen C. Strother, Pierre Blier, Claudio N. Soares, Sagar V. Parikh, Gustavo Turecki, Jane A. Foster, Susan Rotzinger, Sidney H. Kennedy, Faranak Farzan
Summary: The neurobiological correlates of response inhibition can predict the response of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) to pharmacological and cognitive behavioral therapy treatment. The integrity of response inhibition may be crucial for the success of treatment for MDD. Electrophysiological correlates of response inhibition may serve as a general prognostic marker for treatment response in MDD.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mehri Sajjadian, Rudolf Uher, Keith Ho, Stefanie Hassel, Roumen Milev, Benicio N. Frey, Faranak Farzan, Pierre Blier, Jane A. Foster, Sagar Parikh, Daniel J. Mueller, Susan Rotzinger, Claudio N. Soares, Gustavo Turecki, Valerie H. Taylor, Raymond W. Lam, Stephen C. Strother, Sidney H. Kennedy
Summary: Predicting treatment outcomes for major depressive disorder can be improved by combining clinical, neuroimaging, and molecular data. Early measurement during treatment can increase precision, but adding more features does not necessarily enhance prediction accuracy.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Adrian Sellers, Sharon Hudson, Joanna Ledger, Charlotte Moorehouse, Charlotte Young, Ian Groeber, Bridget Knight, Jonathan Mill, Jon Allard, Rohit Shankar
Summary: Genetic variations in people with intellectual disability (PwID) are under-diagnosed. This pilot genetic study aimed to address this issue, but faced challenges in obtaining consent and recruitment. However, the study found that 75% of PwID had biochemical abnormalities requiring further medical attention, highlighting the clinical benefits of engagement.
JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dorothea Seiler Vellame, Gemma Shireby, Ailsa MacCalman, Emma L. Dempster, Joe Burrage, Tyler Gorrie-Stone, Leonard S. Schalkwyk, Jonathan Mill, Eilis Hannon
Summary: Most epigenetic epidemiology studies have used bulk tissues for genome-wide profiling, but these can be confounded by variation in cellular composition. In this study, researchers developed a metric called CETYGO score to assess the accuracy of derived cellular heterogeneity variables. They found that the CETYGO score can distinguish inaccurate deconvolutions when applied to whole blood profiles. The study also revealed that estimating accurate cellular composition is influenced by technical and biological factors, such as gender, age, and smoking status.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Megha Murthy, Gemma Shireby, Yasuo Miki, Emmanuelle Vire, Tammaryn Lashley, Thomas T. Warner, Jonathan Mill, Conceicao Bettencourt
Summary: This study investigated the epigenetic aging in white matter for the first time, and found that oligodendrocyte proportions positively influence epigenetic age acceleration.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthew Devall, Darren M. Soanes, Adam R. Smith, Emma L. Dempster, Rebecca G. Smith, Joe Burrage, Artemis Iatrou, Eilis Hannon, Claire Troakes, Karen Moore, Paul O'Neill, Safa Al-Sarraj, Leonard Schalkwyk, Jonathan Mill, Michael Weedon, Katie Lunnon
Summary: This study presents a novel approach to investigate the patterns of mitochondrial DNA methylation in human brain tissue. The results show relatively low but conserved patterns of mitochondrial DNA methylation, with peaks observed in the D-LOOP and several genes in a non-CpG context. Differential methylation patterns associated with age, sex, and brain region were also identified. This study provides detailed annotation of DNA methylation in the mitochondrial genome and highlights the potential role of mitochondrial epigenetic mechanisms in disorders characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Alyson Zwicker, Janice M. Fullerton, Niamh Mullins, Frances Rice, Danella M. Hafeman, Neeltje E. M. van Haren, Nikita Setiaman, John A. Merranko, Benjamin I. Goldstein, Alessandra G. Ferrera, Emma K. Stapp, Elena de la Serna, Dolores Moreno, Gisela Sugranyes, Sergio Mas Herrero, Gloria Roberts, Claudio Toma, Peter R. Schofield, Howard J. Edenberg, Holly C. Wilcox, Melvin G. McInnis, Victoria Powell, Lukas Propper, Eileen Denovan-Wright, Guy Rouleau, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Manon H. J. Hillegers, Boris Birmaher, Anita Thapar, Philip B. Mitchell, Cathryn M. Lewis, Martin Alda, John I. Nurnberger, Rudolf Uher
Summary: The authors found that polygenic scores (PGSs) can complement family history to improve identification of risk for major mood and psychotic disorders. PGSs for neuroticism and subjective well-being are significantly associated with the onsets of disorders, and PGSs for psychiatric illness have limited predictive power when family history is known.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kate L. Harkness, Trisha Chakrabarty, Sakina J. Rizvi, Raegan Mazurka, Lena Quilty, Rudolf Uher, Roumen V. Milev, Benicio N. Frey, Sagar V. Parikh, Jane A. Foster, Susan Rotzinger, Sidney H. Kennedy, Raymond W. Lam
Summary: This study aims to investigate the differential associations of different types of childhood maltreatment with the response to antidepressant medication, and the role of anhedonia in driving poor response in patients with specific maltreatment histories. The results suggest that the severity of emotional maltreatment perpetrated by the mother is a significant predictor of lower odds of remission at week 16. In contrast, the relationships between paternal-perpetrated emotional maltreatment and physical maltreatment with week 16 remission were mediated through the severity of anhedonia at week 8.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
John-Jose Nunez, Yang S. Liu, Bo Cao, Benicio N. Frey, Keith Ho, Roumen Milev, Daniel J. Mueller, Susan Rotzinger, Claudio N. Soares, Valerie H. Taylor, Rudolf Uher, Sidney H. Kennedy, Raymond W. Lam
Summary: Depression is a complex disorder with a heterogeneous response to treatment. This study used machine learning to cluster patients with depression and found three distinct response patterns. The subjective mood state/anhedonia was identified as the core feature of response to escitalopram, but there were also other patterns related to neurovegetative symptoms, activation, and cognition.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Rudolf Uher, Barbara Pavlova, Joaquim Radua, Umberto Provenzani, Sara Najafi, Lydia Fortea, Maria Ortuno, Anna Nazarova, Nader Perroud, Lena Palaniyappan, Katharina Domschke, Samuele Cortese, Paul D. Arnold, Jehannine C. Austin, Michael M. Vanyukov, Myrna M. Weissman, Allan H. Young, Manon H. J. Hillegers, Andrea Danese, Merete Nordentoft, Robin M. Murray, Paolo Fusar-Poli
Summary: The offspring of parents with mental disorders have an increased risk of developing mental disorders themselves, extending beyond the specific disorders present in their parents. This comprehensive meta-analysis provides important insights for targeted prevention and genetic counseling.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marta F. Nabais, Danni A. Gadd, Eilis Hannon, Jonathan Mill, Allan F. McRae, Naomi R. Wray
Summary: Microarray technology is employed to analyze genome-wide DNA methylation and its association with complex traits or diseases. Results can be used to predict outcomes using methylation profile scores (MPS) in independent datasets. However, there are key differences between MPS and polygenic (risk) scores (PGS), especially in terms of assumptions made in genetic modeling that may not apply to epigenetic data.
Letter
Psychiatry
Andrea Danese, Rudolf Uher
Article
Psychiatry
Katerina Rnic, Joelle Lemoult, Ivan J. Torres, Trisha Chakrabarty, Jane Foster, Benicio N. Frey, Kate L. Harkness, Keith Ho, Qingqin S. Li, Roumen Milev, Lena C. Quilty, Susan Rotzinger, Claudio N. Soares, Rudolf Uher, Sidney H. Kennedy, Raymond W. Lam
Summary: Implicit self-depressed associations (SDAs) may serve as a cognitive biomarker for predicting depression recurrence, as higher baseline SDAs and increasing SDAs over time were found to be associated with shorter time to MDD recurrence among treatment responders.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Edna C. Cieslik, Markus Ullsperger, Martin Gell, Simon B. Eickhoff, Robert Langner
Summary: Previous studies on error processing have primarily focused on the posterior medial frontal cortex, but the role of other brain regions has been underestimated. This study used activation likelihood estimation meta-analyses to explore brain activity related to committing errors and responding successfully in interference tasks. It was found that the salience network and the temporoparietal junction were commonly involved in both correct and incorrect responses, indicating their general involvement in coping with situations that require increased cognitive control. Error-specific convergence was observed in the dorsal posterior cingulate cortex, posterior thalamus, and left superior frontal gyrus, while successful responding showed stronger convergence in the dorsal attention network and lateral prefrontal regions. Underrecruitment of these regions in error trials may reflect failures in activating the appropriate stimulus-response contingencies necessary for successful response execution.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2024)
