期刊
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
卷 35, 期 2, 页码 232-247出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.05.002
关键词
Stress; Module; Individual differences; Cognitive; Prefrontal; Loss of control; Emotion; Pain; Reward; Incentive salience; Habits
资金
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse [DA04398, DA10072, DA04343, DA023597]
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [AA08459, AA06420]
- Pearson Center for Alcoholism and Addiction Research
Several neuropsychological hypotheses have been formulated to explain the transition to addiction, including hedonic allostasis, incentive salience, and the development of habits. A key feature of addiction that remains to be explored is the important individual variability observed in the propensity to self-administer drugs, the sensitivity to drug-associated cues, the severity of the withdrawal state, and the ability to quit. In this review, we suggest that the concept of self-regulation, combined with the concept of modularity of cognitive function, may aid in the understanding of the neural basis of individual differences in the vulnerability to drugs and the transition to addiction. The thesis of this review is that drug addiction involves a failure of the different subcomponents of the executive systems controlling key cognitive modules that process reward, pain, stress, emotion, habits, and decision-making. A subhypothesis is that the different patterns of drug addiction and individual differences in the transition to addiction may emerge from differential vulnerability in one or more of the subcomponents. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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