Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Namrata Singh, G. R. Sherin, Govindasamy Mugesh
Summary: Nanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme-mimicking activity, have attracted significant interest in biomedical applications, particularly in oxidative stress-mediated disorders. The challenge lies in designing nanozymes that can selectively differentiate between physiological oxidative stress and pathological oxidative stress and mediate appropriate redox reactions in cells, tissues, and organs. This review summarizes the advancements in redox-active nanozymes and their therapeutic significance in various disease models, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases. It also discusses the future prospects and challenges associated with the biomedical applications of nanozymes.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jorge Reyes-Garcia, Abril Carbajal-Garcia, Luis M. Montano
Summary: Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels, particularly TRPV1, TRPV2, and TRPV4, play critical roles in the development of asthma. These channels contribute to environmental sensitization, airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling, and may serve as novel therapeutic targets for asthma.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eman A. Abdelfattah, David Renault
Summary: Research investigated the physiological effects of different concentrations of epinephrine on larvae of the flesh fly Sarcophaga dux, revealing significant differences among different body compartments and epinephrine concentrations. Epinephrine treatments did not increase reactive oxygen species production except for gut tissues.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pavlina Hemerkova, Martin Valis
Summary: ALS is a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons and currently has no cure. Free oxygen radicals are known to play a role in the pathogenesis of ALS, while antioxidant enzymes like SOD1 are crucial for antioxidant protection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Ah Hong, Cheol Whee Park
Summary: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play crucial roles in kidney injuries, making antioxidant agents, especially catalytic antioxidants that mimic antioxidant enzymes, effective in combating oxidative stress-related kidney diseases. Research has shown the effectiveness of several catalytic antioxidants in treating disease models associated with oxidative stress.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivana A. Rukavina-Mikusic, Micaela Rey, Juan S. Adan Arean, Virginia Vanasco, Silvia Alvarez, Laura B. Valdez
Summary: This study analyzed the mitochondrial metabolism in the early stage of type 1 diabetes, and found that the mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production in the heart of diabetic animals were similar to the control group, but Mn-SOD activity decreased and H2O2 production increased. This suggests the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction in the early stage of type 1 diabetes, but without irreversible damage.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Rejane Santos Sousa, Caroline Santos Sousa, Francisco Leonardo Costa Oliveira, Paulo Ricardo Firmino, Isadora Karolina Freitas Sousa, Valeria Veras Paula, Nohora Mercado Caruso, Enrico Lippi Ortolani, Antonio Humberto Hamad Minervino, Raimundo Alves Barreto-Junior
Summary: Blood loss in sheep can cause clinical, hematological, blood gas, and biochemical alterations, leading to oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant activity.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelo Zinellu, Arduino A. Mangoni
Summary: The systematic review and meta-analysis showed that statins significantly increased the concentrations of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the blood, indicating an antioxidant effect. However, the impact on catalase was minimal.
Article
Food Science & Technology
M. J. Ramirez-Exposito, M. P. Carrera-Gonzalez, M. D. Mayas, J. M. Martinez-Martos
Summary: The formation of brain tumors is associated with oxidative stress and the imbalance in antioxidant defense systems. Phenolic compounds from olives have potential anticancer effects due to their antioxidant properties. The oral administration of these compounds in rats with induced brain tumors showed limited beneficial effects, influenced by the gender of the animals.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Melo, Susana Coimbra, Susana Rocha, Alice Santos-Silva
Summary: CAT, GPx, and Prx2 are important antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes, protecting the cells from oxidative stress. The relationship and role of these enzymes in the cytosol and membrane are not fully understood.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miao Guo, Yanfang Zhu, Ying Shi, Xiangda Meng, Xue Donga, Haokun Zhang, Xiaohong Wang, Mei Du, Hua Yan
Summary: Ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent lethal lipid peroxides accumulation, plays a crucial role in RGC death in glaucoma and optic nerve crush models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuhui Luo, Abbie Suttle, Qiaojuan Zhang, Peng Wang, Yong Chen
Summary: Orofacial pain, affecting millions of Americans, is influenced by transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels. The orofacial sensory system differs from the spinal sensory system in pain processing and sensitivities. TRPs in trigeminally-mediated pain have not been extensively documented compared to spinally-mediated pain.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shunlong Meng, Xi Chen, Chao Song, Limin Fan, Liping Qiu, Yao Zheng, Jiazhang Chen, Pao Xu
Summary: The study found that lower concentrations of methomyl had no effect on antioxidant levels in the testis of Nile tilapia, while higher concentrations significantly influenced these antioxidants. Recovery tests showed that oxidative damage caused by lower concentrations of methomyl was reversible, whereas damage from higher concentrations was irreversible within 18 days.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Konrad A. Szychowski, Bartosz Skora, Anna Kryshchyshyn-Dylevych, Danylo Kaminskyy, Dmytro Khyluk, Roman Lesyk
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of three 4-thiazolidinone-based compounds on the expression of antioxidant enzymes in various cancer cell lines. All compounds influenced ROS production, with Les-3640 affecting caspase-3 activity in the cell lines.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rumyana Simeonova, Mariyana Atanasova, Georgi Stavrakov, Irena Philipova, Irini Doytchinova
Summary: This study investigated the antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory potential of a novel galantamine-curcumin hybrid (4b). The results showed that 4b increased antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity, and decreased brain tissue damage and cholinesterase activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Daisuke Ito, Satoru Morimoto, Shinichi Takahashi, Kensuke Okada, Jin Nakahara, Hideyuki Okano
Summary: Significant progress has been made in drug screening for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, leading to the identification of candidate drugs and the advancement of clinical trials. This stem cell-based approach shows safety and positive effects, reducing costs and time compared to animal testing.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ryota Tamura, Hiroyuki Miyoshi, Kent Imaizumi, Masahiro Yo, Yoshitaka Kase, Tsukika Sato, Mizuto Sato, Yukina Morimoto, Oltea Sampetrean, Jun Kohyama, Munehisa Shinozaki, Atsushi Miyawaki, Kazunari Yoshida, Hideyuki Saya, Hideyuki Okano, Masahiro Toda
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential benefit of gene-edited induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for the treatment of invasive glioma stem cells (GSCs). Neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from CRISPR/Cas9-edited iPSCs expressing a suicide gene showed enhanced tumor-trophic migratory capacity and significant in vivo antitumor effects. The study also identified key signaling pathways and gene expressions associated with the efficacy of therapeutic iPSC-NSCs.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hisaka Igarashi, Mamoru Shibata, Akichika Ozeki, Taka Matsumura
Summary: Galcanezumab, a preventive migraine treatment, was shown to significantly reduce the severity of migraine headaches, frequency of migraine-associated symptoms, and occurrence of migraine headaches during menstrual periods in Japanese patients with episodic migraine.
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Satoru Morimoto, Koichi Saeki, Masaru Takeshita, Kunio Hirano, Mariko Shirakawa, Yumiko Yamada, Shiho Nakamura, Fumiko Ozawa, Hideyuki Okano
Summary: The study developed an intranasal vaccine for COVID-19 by using a Sendai virus vector loaded with the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 as an antigen. The vaccine induced a strong immune response, with increased levels of S-RBD-specific antibodies in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The booster dose further enhanced the production of neutralizing antibodies, indicating the effectiveness of the vaccine.
Article
Cell Biology
Sho Yoshimatsu, Mayutaka Nakajima, Iki Sonn, Rie Natsume, Kenji Sakimura, Ena Nakatsukasa, Toshikuni Sasaoka, Mari Nakamura, Takashi Serizawa, Tsukika Sato, Erika Sasaki, Hongkui Deng, Hideyuki Okano
Summary: This study compared the gene expression profiles of mouse, human, and common marmoset EPSCs using transcriptomic approaches. The marmoset EPSC-like cells displayed a distinct morphology but exhibited a pluripotent state similar to embryonic stem cells. They also showed interspecies chimeric contribution to mouse embryos. Furthermore, the gene expression of the marmoset EPSC-like cells resembled that of human EPSCs. Overall, this study evaluated the efficacy of the method for deriving marmoset EPSCs.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yuji Okano, Yoshitaka Kase, Hideyuki Okano
Summary: The emergence of single-cell RNA sequencing has revolutionized the study of cellular diversity. Conventional methods for annotating RNA-seq data have limitations in capturing universal characteristics of a cell type. This study presents a new framework for managing cellular identities based on set theory, allowing for comparisons across datasets while preserving biological semantics.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Takanobu Ishiguro, Takuya Konno, Norikazu Hara, Bin Zhu, Satoshi Okada, Mamoru Shibata, Reiko Saika, Takaya Kitano, Megumi Toko, Tomohisa Nezu, Yuka Hama, Tomoya Kawazoe, Ikuko Takahashi-Iwata, Ichiro Yabe, Kota Sato, Hayato Takeda, Shintaro Toda, Jin Nishimiya, Toshiyuki Teduka, Hiroaki Nozaki, Kensaku Kasuga, Akinori Miyashita, Osamu Onodera, Takeshi Ikeuchi
Summary: This study aimed to explore the genetic spectrum of CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy and its clinical and imaging features. CSF1R mutations were identified in 15% of adult-onset leukoencephalopathy cases, including 7 novel and 5 previously reported mutations. Partial deletions of CSF1R that resulted in the loss of the C-terminal region were also identified. Various clinical features and imaging findings were observed. Therefore, it is recommended to examine the CNV of CSF1R for an accurate diagnosis of CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy when Sanger or exome sequencing fails to detect mutations.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tosho Kondo, Ihori Ebinuma, Hirotaka Tanaka, Yukitoshi Nishikawa, Takaki Komiya, Mitsuru Ishikawa, Hideyuki Okano
Summary: In this study, an effective high-throughput screening system was established using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate motor neurons. The generated motor neurons exhibited characteristics similar to ALS neurons and showed abnormal protein accumulation and hyperexcitability. Treatment with rapamycin and retigabine normalized activity and improved neuronal survival. This study provides a valuable platform for discovering novel ALS therapeutics and personalized medicine approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Emi Qian, Masahiro Uemura, Hiroya Kobayashi, Shiho Nakamura, Fumiko Ozawa, Sho Yoshimatsu, Mitsuru Ishikawa, Osamu Onodera, Satoru Morimoto, Hideyuki Okano
Summary: CARASIL is a inherited small vessel disease caused by mutations in the HTRA1 gene. Heterozygous mutations in HTRA1 have been found to cause clinical features of the disease. Researchers have successfully established a hiPSC line from a patient with heterozygous HTRA1-related CSVD, which has normal morphology and karyotype. The hiPSCs expressed pluripotency-related markers and had the ability to differentiate into all three germ layers in vitro, providing a valuable tool for studying the cellular mechanisms of HTRA1 mutation.
INFLAMMATION AND REGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hitomi Ono-Minagi, Tsutomu Nohno, Takashi Serizawa, Yu Usami, Takayoshi Sakai, Hideyuki Okano, Hideyo Ohuchi
Summary: This study investigates the embryonic origin of salivary and lacrimal glands using transgenic mice and demonstrates that these glands contain cells derived from all three germ layers. Specifically, a subset of cells derived from neural crest differentiate into epithelial cells and express high levels of stem cell markers. These cells play an important role in the regenerative response following tissue damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hiroya Kobayashi, Koji Ueda, Satoru Morimoto, Mitsuru Ishikawa, Nicolas Leventoux, Ryogen Sasaki, Yoshifumi Hirokawa, Yasumasa Kokubo, Hideyuki Okano
Summary: The proteins in extracellular vesicles derived from astrocytes in patients with Kii ALS/PDC exhibit distinctive patterns compared to healthy individuals, with increased proteins related to proteostasis and decreased proteins related to anti-inflammation.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mamoru Shibata, Atsuko Nihira, Yuka Tanji, Akichika Ozeki, Hideyuki Imagawa, Mika Komori
Summary: This post hoc analysis confirms the long-term efficacy of galcanezumab in Japanese patients with episodic migraine and suggests that wearing-off within the dosing interval is not observed on a population level.
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Takahiro Shibata, Syoichi Tashiro, Masaya Nakamura, Hideyuki Okano, Narihito Nagoshi
Summary: Cell transplantation therapy using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells has shown efficacy in treating the subacute phase of spinal cord injury. However, there is a lack of focus on treatment in the chronic phase, which poses challenges in overcoming factors specific to chronic SCI. Combining different therapies and addressing issues in severe injury models and functional recovery are important for regenerative therapy in chronic SCI.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shohei Komaki, Masatoshi Nagata, Eri Arai, Ryo Otomo, Kanako Ono, Yukiko Abe, Hideki Ohmomo, So Umekage, Natsuko Shinozaki, Tsuyoshi Hachiya, Yoichi Sutoh, Yayoi Otsuka-Yamasaki, Yasumichi Arai, Nobuyoshi Hirose, Akio Yoneyama, Hideyuki Okano, Makoto Sasaki, Yae Kanai, Atsushi Shimizu
Summary: This study explored the epigenetic signatures of exceptional healthy longevity and found that it depends not only on maintaining young epigenetic states but also on advanced states of specific epigenetic regions.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hideyuki Okano, Satoru Morimoto, Chris Kato, Jin Nakahara, Shinichi Takahashi
Summary: In recent years, clinical trials using iPSC technology for disease modeling and drug discovery have shown promising results, particularly for the treatment of ALS. ROPi has been identified as a potential ALS treatment and has undergone clinical trials and reverse translational research, demonstrating its ability to delay disease progression and prolong survival in ALS patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
