Article
Neurosciences
Sebastian Dohm-Hansen, Francisco Donoso, Paul J. Lucassen, Gerard Clarke, Yvonne M. Nolan
Summary: This article discusses the potential role of the gut microbiome in connecting the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and hippocampal neurogenesis. Mechanisms associated with neuronal excitability, neuroinflammation, and gut microbial metabolites are highlighted as potential links between the gut microbiota and TLE.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriel Berdugo-Vega, Shonali Dhingra, Federico Calegari
Summary: This article reviews a wealth of research in cellular, anatomical, behavioral, and computational studies on the mammalian hippocampus, aiming to understand the fundamental mechanisms underlying cognition. Despite accumulating knowledge on how the hippocampus processes and stores information for learning and memory, our understanding of hippocampal cognitive function remains incomplete. The article discusses the structural separability of the two blades of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and proposes a model that suggests differences in connectivity and adult neurogenesis in the two blades may contribute to subtly different cognitive functions.
Review
Neurosciences
Jesse D. Cushman, Michael R. Drew, Franklin B. Krasne
Summary: The primary function of juvenile and adult hippocampal neurogenesis appears to be allowing behavioral experience to shape connectivity in the dentate gyrus and optimize hippocampal circuits for future learning. This environmental sculpting reduces overlap among memory representations, provides more information, and allows for more memories to be stored accurately. The decline of neurogenesis prior to adulthood may be explained by this prospective function of sculpting hippocampal circuits.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Marie Lods, Pierre Mortessagne, Emilie Pacary, Geoffrey Terral, Fanny Farrugia, Wilfrid Mazier, Nuria Masachs, Vanessa Charrier, Daniela Cota, Guillaume Ferreira, Djoher Nora Abrous, Sophie Tronel
Summary: Adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus plays a crucial role in memory processes, but its direct impact on memory performance remains uncertain. This study developed a chemogenetic method to selectively activate specific populations of adult-born neurons, and demonstrated that this activation can improve the accuracy and strength of remote memory in rats. These findings suggest that stimulating adult-born neuron activity may counteract the natural decline of memory traces over time, offering new potential for treating memory problems.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Artur Palasz, Aleksandra Suszka-Switek, Jacek Francikowski, Marek Krzystanek, Katarzyna Bogus, Jakub Skalbania, John J. Worthington, Inga Mrzyk
Summary: The study showed a significant increase in draxin immunoexpression in the adult rat hippocampus following long-term olanzapine administration, potentially supporting the hypothesis that olanzapine may drive adult neurogenesis via paracrine draxin-related signaling. This indicates the need for further molecular studies to fully investigate these potential novel mechanisms of neurogenesis.
Article
Neurosciences
Elena P. Moreno-Jimenez, Julia Terreros-Roncal, Miguel Flor-Garcia, Alberto Rabano, Maria Llorens-Martin
Summary: The rodent hippocampus generates new neurons throughout life, but direct evidence of adult neurogenesis in humans remains elusive. Research indicates that adult hippocampal neurogenesis may persist until the 10th decade of human life, with marked impairments in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methodological aspects in processing and analyzing postmortem human brain samples may limit the detection of markers of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, highlighting the need for strict controls in human studies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Zocher, Rupert W. Overall, Gabriel Berdugo-Vega, Nicole Rund, Anne Karasinsky, Vijay S. Adusumilli, Christina Steinhauer, Sina Scheibenstock, Kristian Handler, Joachim L. Schultze, Federico Calegari, Gerd Kempermann
Summary: Newborn DNA methylation during adult neurogenesis is crucial for the maturation and integration of functional neurons in the hippocampus, facilitating transcriptional up-regulation of neuronal genes and affecting activation patterns in the hippocampal circuitry.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Cristian Bis-Humbert, Ruben Garcia-Cabrerizo, M. Julia Garcia-Fuster
Summary: This study compared the effects of nortriptyline on adolescent and adult rats, finding that low doses had antidepressant effects in adolescents while higher doses had negative outcomes. In adult rats, nortriptyline did not significantly impact behavioral and neurochemical responses.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jose Erik Alvarez-Contino, Estela Diaz-Sanchez, Marina Mirchandani-Duque, Jose Andres Sanchez-Perez, Miguel A. Barbancho, Alexander Lopez-Salas, Natalia Garcia-Casares, Kjell Fuxe, Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela, Manuel Narvaez
Summary: This study found that intranasal infusion of GALR2 and Y1R agonists promotes neuroblast proliferation and induces the expression of the neurotrophic factor BDNF in the ventral hippocampus, resulting in antidepressant effects. These effects may be mediated by increased formation of Y1R-GALR2 heteroreceptor complexes. These findings may provide a new approach for the development of novel therapies for major depressive disorder.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Orsolya Folsz, Stephanie Trouche, Vincent Croset
Summary: Although most neurons are generated embryonically, neurogenesis continues at low rates in certain brain areas throughout adulthood, such as the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Adult-born neurons in the dentate gyrus play a role in pattern separation and the encoding of episodic-like memories. They compete with mature neurons for input and output and regulate hippocampal activity. These neurons exhibit transient hyperexcitability and hyperplasticity during maturation, contributing to their recruitment by experiences. They support pattern separation during encoding and aid in the degradation of old connections, promoting generalization and preventing interference.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Il Bin Kim, Seon-Cheol Park
Summary: Depression is characterized by impairments in adult neurogenesis, particularly in the hippocampus. Disruption of hippocampal neurogenesis in depression may be a consequence of neural circuitry impairments, with the entorhinal cortex playing a regulatory role. However, the exact mechanisms by which disruption of neural circuitry leads to neurogenesis impairments in depression, specifically regarding the regulatory role of the entorhinal cortex, remain unclear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenqiang Fan, Jeronimo Jurado-Arjona, Gregorio Alanis-Lobato, Sophie Peron, Christian Berger, Miguel A. Andrade-Navarro, Sven Falk, Benedikt Berninger
Summary: Most adult hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) remain quiescent, but the activity of the transcriptional co-activator Yap1 is enriched in active NSCs. Genetic deletion of Yap1 reduces the proportion of active NSCs, indicating its role in regulating the transition from quiescence to activation. Overexpression of a gain-of-function Yap1 mutant leads to cell cycle entry in NSCs and astrocytes, and dysregulated Yap1 activity represses neurogenesis and induces glioblastoma stem cell-like characteristics.
Article
Neurosciences
Bryon M. Smith, Angela I. Saulsbery, Patricia Sarchet, Nidhi Devasthali, Dalia Einstein, Elizabeth D. Kirby
Summary: This study compares the efficiency and effects of two methods (injection and chow consumption) of tamoxifen administration in adult neurogenesis. The injection method results in higher recombination efficiency but disrupts neural progenitor cell proliferation, while the chow consumption method has lower recombination efficiency but increases neuronal differentiation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathrin Barth, Verica Vasic, Brennan McDonald, Nora Heinig, Marc-Christoph Wagner, Ulrike Schumann, Cora Roehlecke, Frank Bicker, Lana Schumann, Konstantin Radyushkin, Jan Baumgart, Stefan Tenzer, Frauke Zipp, Matthias Meinhardt, Kari Alitalo, Irmgard Tegeder, Mirko H. H. Schmidt
Summary: Mature neurons, neural stem cells, and neural precursor cells secrete the neurovascular protein EGFL7 to shape the neurogenic niche of the hippocampus. Ablation of EGFL7 leads to increased neurogenesis and is correlated with elevated expression of VEGF-D. Infusion of VEGF-D increases neurogenesis, while its knockout decreases neurogenesis. Furthermore, EGFL7 knockout mice show improved spatial memory and memory consolidation in the hippocampus.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Vinogradova, Maria Sysova, Polina Smirnova, Maria Sidorova, Andrei Turkin, Ekaterina Kurilova, Oksana Tuchina
Summary: An enriched environment improves spatial memory in both male and female rats, but the increase in neurogenesis markers is observed only in females. The anti-inflammatory response and miRNA profiles also show sex-specific differences in response to the enriched environment.
Article
Neurosciences
M. D. Spritzer, M. G. Curtis, J. P. Deloach, J. Maher, L. M. Shulman
Article
Neurosciences
Mark D. Spritzer, Alyssa W. Panning, Shannon M. Engelman, W. Tyler Prince, Alexander E. Casler, Joanna E. Georgakas, Eliza C. B. Jaeger, Laura R. Nelson, Ethan A. Roy, Benjamin A. Wagner
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Benjamin A. Wagner, Valerie C. Braddick, Christopher G. Batson, Brendan H. Cullen, L. Erin Miller, Mark D. Spritzer
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mark D. Spritzer, Alex Weinberg, Victor Viau, Liisa A. M. Galea
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2009)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mark D. Spritzer, Emily D. Daviau, Meagan K. Coneeny, Shannon M. Engelman, W. Tyler Prince, Karlye N. Rodriguez-Wisdom
HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
(2011)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mark D. Spritzer, Elliott C. Fox, Gregory D. Larsen, Christopher G. Batson, Benjamin A. Wagner, Jack Maher
HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
(2013)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Leanne M. Shulman, Mark D. Spritzer
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2014)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eliza C. B. Jaeger, L. Erin Miller, Emily C. Goins, Chloe E. Super, Christina U. Chyr, John W. Lower, Lauren S. Honican, Daryl E. Morrison, Rajan A. Ramdev, Mark D. Spritzer
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mark D. Spritzer, Ethan A. Roy
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kevin J. Zhang, Rajan A. Ramdev, Nicholas J. Tuta, Mark D. Spritzer
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mark D. Spritzer, Mandeep Gill, Alex Weinberg, Liisa A. M. Galea
ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
(2008)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Experimental
Alex Weinberg, Caroline Walker, Stephanie Lieblich, Mark D. Spritzer, Liisa A. M. Galea
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHOLOGIE EXPERIMENTALE
(2007)
Article
Neurosciences
J. R. Epp, M. D. Spritzer, L. A. M. Galea
Article
Developmental Biology
Mark D. Spritzer, Liisa A. M. Galea
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2007)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.