Article
Neurosciences
Giuseppe Marrazzo, Maarten J. Vaessen, Beatrice de Gelder
Summary: The study investigates the impact of critical category attributes like emotional expression on brain activity, showing that the type of task is the main determinant of brain activity, with higher activity in the VLPFC during explicit tasks. Results suggest the importance of task and category attributes in understanding the functional organization of the high-level visual cortex.
Review
Clinical Neurology
M. J. van Tol, N. J. A. van der Wee, D. J. Veltman
Summary: The longitudinal NESDA Neuroimaging study aimed to investigate shared neuroanatomical and functional abnormalities in individuals with major depressive disorder and common anxiety disorders. Through emotional processing tasks and brain connectivity studies, common morphological and neurocognitive abnormalities were found. Additionally, the study demonstrated that risk factors such as childhood maltreatment and specific genetic risks have a modulating effect on emotion processing.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lisa Sindermann, Elisabeth J. Leehr, Ronny Redlich, Susanne Meinert, Joscha Boehnlein, Dominik Grotegerd, Daniel Pollack, Marieke Reepen, Katharina Thiel, Alexandra Winter, Lena Waltemate, Hannah Lemke, Verena Enneking, Tiana Borgers, Nils Opel, Jonathan Repple, Janik Goltermann, Katharina Brosch, Tina Meller, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Kai Gustav Ringwald, Simon Schmitt, Frederike Stein, Andreas Jansen, Axel Krug, Igor Nenadic, Tilo Kircher, Udo Dannlowski
Summary: This study found a discriminative activation pattern between major depressive disorder (MDD) and comorbid anxiety (COM-A) regarding emotion processing. COM-A showed significantly increased bilateral insula activity during face processing, while no activity differences were found in the anterior cingulate cortex or the amygdala. Whole-brain analyses revealed increased activation in the inferior temporal and frontal regions in COM-A, which were positively associated with state anxiety and general functioning.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael H. Parrish, Janine M. Dutcher, Keely A. Muscatell, Tristen K. Inagaki, Mona Moieni, Michael R. Irwin, Naomi Eisenberger
Summary: This study used fMRI to investigate the relationship between self-enhancement and emotion regulation in social evaluation tasks. The results showed that stable state self-esteem and higher trait self-esteem were associated with increased functional connectivity between RVLPFC and VS during positive evaluation. Additionally, participants with stable-state self-esteem showed stronger RVLPFC activation during all types of feedback processing and left VS activation during negative feedback processing.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lea Marie Reisch, Martin Wegrzyn, Malena Mielke, Alexandra Mehlmann, Friedrich G. Woermann, Johanna Kissler, Christian G. Bien
Summary: The study suggests that negative stimuli can lead to increased activation in the visual cortex, possibly due to modulating feedback from the amygdala. There are differential effects of left and right amygdala lesions on the visual cortex, with the right amygdala influencing visual processing more broadly and the left amygdala specifically contributing to emotion processing.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Florence Steiner, Natalia Fernandez, Joris Dietziker, Philipp Stampfli, Erich Seifritz, Anton Rey, Sascha Fruhholz
Summary: Affective speech communication involves decoding of affect information in the cortico-limbic brain systems. Previous research neglected the social nature of affective communication and underestimated its real-time adaptive dynamics. Using real-time neuroimaging, we found that live adaptive affective speech is acoustically distinct, adaptive, and individualized, and makes more efficient use of neural affect decoding mechanisms.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Micha Keller, Jana Zweerings, Martin Klasen, Mikhail Zvyagintsev, Jorge Iglesias, Raul Mendoza Quinones, Klaus Mathiak
Summary: The study found that neurofeedback training the left vlPFC helps increase emotional regulation activity, suggesting the central role of the left vlPFC in cognitive reappraisal, which is effective for both patients with depression and controls.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Stephanie Theves, David A. Neville, Guillen Fernandez, Christian F. Doeller
Summary: This study investigates the computations underlying the acquisition and representation of hierarchical structure of conceptual knowledge in the hippocampal-prefrontal system, suggesting that mPFC and hippocampus support the integration of accumulated evidence and instantaneous updates into hierarchical concept representations in rostro-lateral PFC.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Hayden J. Peel, Philippe A. Chouinard
Summary: Research findings on fMRI adaptation to the form, orientation, and size of visual stimuli in different brain areas are mixed. Some brain regions show adaptation to form and size, but not to orientation. These results are important for understanding how the brain processes different visual features.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lisa S. Furlong, Susan L. Rossell, Georgia F. Caruana, Vanessa L. Cropley, Matthew Hughes, Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen
Summary: The review found abnormalities in both the activity and connectivity of facial emotion processing neural circuitry in individuals with bipolar disorder, which may contribute to social cognitive impairments. Future research should further investigate the connectivity and spatiotemporal course of these neural events.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Farshad Rafiei, Martin Safrin, Martijn E. Wokke, Hakwan Lau, Dobromir Rahnev
Summary: TMS has been a major tool for exploring the causal role of specific brain regions in various cognitive processes, with researchers examining the effects of intensity and frequency on neural activity through multivariate analysis techniques. Despite showing no overall impact on BOLD activity at the site of stimulation, the study provides important insights into the mechanisms through which TMS influences neural activity.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nathalie E. Holz, Dorothea L. Floris, Alberto Llera, Pascal M. Aggensteiner, Seyed Mostafa Kia, Thomas Wolfers, Sarah Baumeister, Boris Boettinger, Jeffrey C. Glennon, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Andrea Dietrich, Melanie C. Saam, Ulrike M. E. Schulze, David J. Lythgoe, Steve C. R. Williams, Paramala Santosh, Mireia Rosa-Justicia, Nuria Bargallo, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Celso Arango, Maria J. Penzol, Susanne Walitza, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Marcel Zwiers, Barbara Franke, Jan Buitelaar, Jilly Naaijen, Daniel Brandeis, Christian Beckmann, Tobias Banaschewski, Andre F. Marquand
Summary: This study aimed to reveal the neurobiological characteristics of disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) by integrating individual deviation patterns from multiple imaging modalities. The results showed that DBD patients exhibited increased age-related deviations in the amygdala, suggesting a possible maturational delay. Furthermore, the study identified neural signatures associated with aggression, including the default mode network (DMN), striatum, and amygdala.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Bo-Ram Kim, Ji-Won Hur, Da-Som Park, Hye-Ri Moon, Sung-Won Choi
Summary: Despite increasing knowledge about the brain mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder, this fMRI study examined the neural responses to emotional faces among unmedicated individuals with MDD and their relationship with dysfunctional attitudes. The findings highlighted the association between hyperactivity in the inferior frontal gyrus during negative facial emotion processing and dysfunctional attitudes among people with MDD, suggesting the need for further research on cognitive models of depression.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yaelan Jung, Dirk B. Walther
Summary: The prefrontal cortex selectively represents scene content according to task demands, but this task selectivity depends on the types of scene content. Scene attributes are only represented in the brain when they are task relevant, whereas scene categories are represented in the brain, regardless of task context.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rita Vieira, Joana Reis, Carlos Portugal-Nunes, Ana Coelho, Ricardo Magalhaes, Sonia Ferreira, Pedro Silva Moreira, Nuno Sousa, Maria Pico-Perez, Joao M. Bessa
Summary: This study found that anticipatory cues can shift the pattern of activation in the salience/sensorimotor network of drug-naive depressed patients when processing emotional stimuli. The network shows increased activation when processing uncued emotional stimuli, but this pattern is reversed when anticipatory cues are present.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Geoffrey T. Manley, Sonia Jain, Shelly Sun, Brandon Foreman, Jordan Komisarow, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Joseph P. Mathew, Adrian Hernandez, Michael L. James, Monica S. Vavilala, Amy J. Markowitz, Frederick K. Korley
Summary: The study found that myocardial injury following TBI is common, with a likely dose-response relationship with the severity of TBI. Particularly, early myocardial injury following moderate-severe TBI is associated with poor 6-month clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Kean J. Hsu, Jason Shumake, Kayla Caffey, Semeon Risom, Jocelyn Labrada, Jasper A. J. Smits, David M. Schnyer, Christopher G. Beevers
Summary: This study demonstrated that active attention bias modification training (ABMT) was effective in reducing depressive symptoms in individuals with at least moderate negative attentional bias. Sham ABMT did not show significant benefits, and there were no significant differences in other anxiety-related scales.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hagen Fritz, Kerry A. Kinney, Congyu Wu, David M. Schnyer, Zoltan Nagy
Summary: This study found that elevated levels of CO, CO2, and temperature at night were significantly associated with decreased sleep quality, while increased levels of PM2.5 and TVOCs were related to improved sleep quality.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Joan Machamer, Nancy Temkin, Sureyya Dikmen, Lindsay D. Nelson, Jason Barber, Phillip Hwang, Kim Boase, Murray B. Stein, Xiaoying Sun, Joseph Giacino, Michael A. McCrea, Sabrina R. Taylor, Sonia Jain, Geoff Manley
Summary: Symptom endorsement is common after traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially in mild cases. The prevalence of persistent symptoms has been debated. This study found that persistent symptoms are common at least a year after TBI, and TBI participants have a higher symptom burden compared to other groups.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mary E. McNamara, Mackenzie Zisser, Christopher G. Beevers, Jason Shumake
Summary: Developing a more efficient mental health care system has become a topic of strong interest. This article discusses the use of popular machine learning models in predicting treatment prognosis, with a focus on digital interventions. It suggests that large sample sizes are required to optimize complex prediction models, and highlights the performance of machine learning methods in the absence of measurement error. However, in the presence of measurement error, the benefits of these methods diminish. The article emphasizes the scalability of digital interventions as an effective approach to studying treatment prediction models.
BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Kean J. Hsu, Michael Mullarkey, Mallory Dobias, Christopher G. Beevers, Throstur Bjorgvinsson
Summary: Repetitive negative thinking and experiential avoidance are maintenance factors related to depression and anxiety, but they have different effects on the symptom network. Network analysis can help identify more accurately the transdiagnostic maintenance factors associated with depression and anxiety symptoms.
COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Debbie Y. Madhok, Robert M. Rodriguez, Jason Barber, Nancy R. Temkin, Amy J. Markowitz, Natalie Kreitzer, Geoffrey T. Manley
Summary: This study found that most patients with mild TBI, with a GCS score of 15 and a negative head CT scan, did not fully recover at 2 weeks and 6 months after the injury. Emergency department clinicians should recommend 2-week follow-up visits to identify patients with incomplete recovery and facilitate rehabilitation.
Article
Psychiatry
Murray J. Stein, Sonia S. Jain, Livia A. Parodi, Karmel Choi, Adam J. Maihofer, Lindsay Nelson, Pratik Mukherjee, Xiaoying T. Sun, Feng He, David Okonkwo, Joseph Giacino, Frederick R. Korley, Mary Vassar, Claudia Robertson, Michael McCrea, Nancy Temkin, Amy Markowitz, Ramon R. Diaz-Arrastia, Jonathan K. Rosand, Geoffrey Manley, TRACK TBI Investigators
Summary: This study found that the polygenic risk for PTSD, as well as for related mental health disorders, is associated with an increased likelihood of PTSD following mTBI. However, the polygenic risk for major depressive disorder and neuroticism did not show significant associations with PTSD. These findings suggest that the risk for PTSD after mTBI is partly influenced by genetics.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kimberly L. Ray, Nicholas R. Griffin, Jason Shumake, Alexandra Alario, John J. B. Allen, Christopher G. Beevers, David M. Schnyer
Summary: Individuals with remitted depression present abnormal EEG power and connectivity compared to healthy adults and individuals with depression, suggesting potential biomarkers for future depression risk. This study enhances our understanding of resting-state neural correlates in depression and bridges the gap between EEG power and network connectivity dynamics. The examination of remitted depression is crucial for identifying brain-based biomarkers for those at high risk of subsequent depression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John E. McGeary, Chelsie E. Benca-Bachman, Victoria A. Risner, Christopher G. Beevers, Brandon E. Gibb, Rohan H. C. Palmer
Summary: Twin studies suggest that genetic differences account for 30-40% of disease liability for depression. This study examines the explanatory power of polygenic scores (PGS) based on depression summary statistics from the UK Biobank in a sample of adults who were extensively phenotyped for depression and related traits. The PGS showed small associations with various depression-related phenotypes, but only the association with suicidal ideation remained significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. These findings provide initial guidance on the expected effect sizes between PGS for depression and related neurocognitive phenotypes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mary E. McNamara, Kean J. Hsu, Bryan A. McSpadden, Semeon Risom, Jason Shumake, Christopher G. Beevers
Summary: This study assessed the psychometric properties of an eye-tracking task measuring attention for emotional stimuli. The results showed that the total dwell time had a single general factor, while other metrics did not meet the requirements for unidimensionality. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of evaluating whether trial-level data load onto a general factor.
COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexandra L. Clark, Makenna B. McGill, Erin D. Ozturk, David M. Schnyer, Catherine Chanfreau-Coffinier, Victoria C. Merritt, VA Million Veteran Program
Summary: Examining the health outcomes of veterans who have completed the VHA's TBI Screening and Evaluation Program may aid in improving clinical care initiatives. This study compared physical functioning, cardiometabolic health conditions, and healthcare utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with TBI Screening and Evaluation Program data to understand modifiable health conditions in this population.
MILITARY MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Eunjin Seo, Hae Yeon Lee, Jeremy P. Jamieson, Harry Reis, Robert A. Josephs, Christopher G. Beevers, David S. Yeager
Summary: Adolescents who believe in the entity theory of personality, which suggests people cannot change, are more likely to experience internalizing symptoms during the transition to high school. This research demonstrates that this belief may predict increases in internalizing symptoms through tendencies to make fixed trait causal attributions about the self and maladaptive stress appraisals.
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
