Article
Neurosciences
Sayed Mostafa Modarres Mousavi, Fatemeh Alipour, Farshid Noorbakhsh, Maryam Jafarian, Masoud Ghadipasha, Jaber Gharehdaghi, Christoph Kellinghaus, Erwin-Josef Speckmann, Walter Stummer, Maryam Khaleghi Ghadiri, Ali Gorji
Summary: Widespread alterations in gene expression may contribute to epilepsy pathogenesis. We evaluated the expression levels of various genes in the epileptic hippocampus and amygdala, compared to autopsy controls, and assessed the correlation between molecular alterations and clinical characteristics in patients undergoing epilepsy surgery. Significant and complex changes in key regulatory genes were found in both the hippocampus and amygdala of patients with intractable epilepsy. The expression changes varied between the two regions and different correlation patterns were observed depending on patient grouping.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bayan Sailike, Zhannur Omarova, Janar Jenis, Altynay Adilbayev, Burkitkan Akbay, Sholpan Askarova, Wei-Lin Jin, Tursonjan Tokay
Summary: This review gathers detailed information on the neuroprotective and antiepileptic properties of the genus Artemisia and its potential underlying mechanisms. The extracts from Artemisia species possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anticonvulsant, and pro-cognitive properties, possibly through modulation of mitochondrial ROS production, upregulation of receptor activities, and interference with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Palumbo, Marianna Carinci, Annunziata Guarino, Laila Asth, Silvia Zucchini, Sonia Missiroli, Alessandro Rimessi, Paolo Pinton, Carlotta Giorgi
Summary: Neuroinflammation is a defense mechanism in the central nervous system against harmful stimuli, but dysregulation of this process is associated with CNS disorders. It has been shown that neuroinflammation is linked to epilepsy, specifically the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and epileptic seizures. This review provides an overview of the role of NLRP3-dependent inflammation in epilepsy and proposes potential therapeutic strategies.
Review
Cell Biology
Shinichi Kinoshita, Ryuta Koyama
Summary: Microglia in the epileptic brain exhibit different activation phenotypes, but their exact roles remain unclear.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
P. Kleis, E. Paschen, U. Haussler, Y. A. Bernal Sierra, C. A. Haas
Summary: This study highlights the PACK tool as a potent optogenetic inhibitor in vivo, but further refinement of its light-sensitive domain is required to avoid unexpected physiological changes.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kai Zhong, Chengyu Qian, Rui Lyu, Xinyi Wang, Zhe Hu, Jie Yu, Jing Ma, Yilu Ye
Summary: Crocin has shown anti-epileptic effects in models of temporal lobe epilepsy, reducing seizure stages and duration, as well as suppressing generalized and spontaneous recurrent seizures. These effects may be mediated by its neuroprotective properties and modulation of inflammatory and neurotrophic factors.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ioana-Andreea Chis, Vlad Andrei, Alexandrina Muntean, Marioara Moldovan, Anca Stefania Mesaros, Mircea Cristian Dudescu, Aranka Ilea
Summary: Saliva is a useful biofluid for evaluating health and diagnosing diseases through biomarker analysis. It has been proposed as a novel, fast, low-cost, and non-invasive approach for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). This study aims to explore the correlation between AED levels in blood, urine, and oral fluid, and to highlight the applicability of saliva sampling for epileptic patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simone Kastropil Benassi, Julieta Goncalves Silva Macedo Alves, Cristiane Gorgatti Guidoreni, Cristina Goncalves Massant, Claudio M. Queiroz, Emilio Garrido-Sanabria, Rafael Duarte de Souza Loduca, Maria Alice Susemihl, Wellingson Silva Paiva, Almir Ferreira de Andrade, Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira, Joaquina Queiroz Andrade, Eliana Garzon, Maira Licia Foresti, Luiz E. Mello
Summary: The mechanisms by which brain injuries lead to epilepsy are not fully understood, and effective preventive measures are lacking. Animal studies have shown that drugs like anticholinergic agents may modify the course of post-traumatic epilepsy, with promising results seen in scopolamine and biperiden. Biperiden has been shown to decrease seizure incidence and intensity, making it a potential candidate for further investigation as an antiepileptogenic agent. Safety assessments in TBI patients have confirmed the safety of biperiden, and now a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial is underway to evaluate its efficacy in preventing epilepsy development.
SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Dalian Ding, Weidong Qi, Haiyan Jiang, Richard Salvi
Summary: Excessive release of glutamate at the inner hair cell-type I auditory nerve synapse leads to excitotoxicity, with potential damage extending to the spiral ganglion soma. Developmental regulation of glutamate receptors alters the pattern of excitotoxic damage, with different receptor expressions in early postnatal versus adult cochlear cultures impacting the extent of damage. AMPAR and KAR expression on specific structures closely correlates with cochlear excitotoxic damage.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Lukasiuk, Wladyslaw Lason
Summary: The pharmacological treatment of epilepsy is only aimed at relieving symptoms. Despite years of research, a causal treatment for this common neurological disorder is still unavailable. Advances in neuroscience and molecular biology tools, as well as improved animal models, may accelerate the development of antiepileptogenic and epilepsy-modifying drugs. Epileptogenesis triggers various changes in the genome, epigenome, and transcriptome, leading to the transformation of neuronal circuits and the occurrence of seizures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose Vicente Negrete-Diaz, Rafael Falcon-Moya, Antonio Rodriguez-Moreno
Summary: Kainate receptors are involved in controlling neuronal excitability, modulating the release of neurotransmitters like GABA and glutamate, and regulating long- and short-term plasticity. Altered activity of these receptors is associated with various central nervous system diseases and disturbances.
Article
Neurosciences
Lise Heylen, Duc-Hung Pham, Ann-Sofie De Meulemeester, Eric Samarut, Adrianna Skiba, Danielle Copmans, Youcef Kazwiny, Pieter Vanden Berghe, Peter A. M. de Witte, Aleksandra Siekierska
Summary: Zebrafish present a novel model for epilepsy research, offering unique insights for studying epileptogenic processes in vivo and suitable for high-throughput AED screening and rapid genetic investigations.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Wolfgang Loescher, H. Steve White
Summary: In the past 30 years, many new anti-seizure medicines have been developed for epilepsy treatment, but drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) still affects a significant percentage of patients. Current approaches to discovering new DRE treatments involve testing drugs in preclinical models that show varying degrees of drug resistance. Recent efforts have been made to include more relevant models in the evaluation of investigational drugs, to better understand DRE mechanisms and test new therapies. This review discusses the pharmacology of different epilepsy models and the challenges in identifying novel treatments.
Review
Plant Sciences
Jaskiran Kaur, Paras Famta, Mani Famta, Meenu Mehta, Saurabh Satija, Neha Sharma, Manish Vyas, Gopal Lal Khatik, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Kamal Dua, Navneet Khurana
Summary: This study investigated the pharmacological properties of plant constituents in the treatment of epilepsy, finding that over 70% of the plant constituents justify their traditional use for epilepsy by primarily acting on the GABAergic system. Only a minority of plant constituents have been explored for clinical use in epilepsy. Further clinical studies are required to understand the full pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile of plant constituents.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Willian Lazarini-Lopes, Gleice Kelli Silva-Cardoso
Summary: This study reviewed the neuroplastic changes in CB1 distribution, expression, and functionality in animal models of epileptic seizures, and discussed the relationship between CB1 alteration and the control of brain excitability. A better comprehension of neuroplastic and functional alterations in CB1 can improve pharmacological therapies for epilepsies.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mario Carta, Bettadapura N. Srikumar, Adam Gorlewicz, Nelson Rebola, Christophe Mulle
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Patricio Opazo, Silvia Viana da Silva, Mario Carta, Christelle Breillat, Steven J. Coultrap, Dolors Grillo-Bosch, Matthieu Sainlos, Francoise Coussen, K. Ulrich Bayer, Christophe Mulle, Daniel Choquet
Article
Neurosciences
Silvia Viana da Silva, Pei Zhang, Matthias Georg Haberl, Virginie Labrousse, Noelle Grosjean, Christophe Blanchet, Andreas Frick, Christophe Mulle
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Myriam Abarkan, Julien Gaitan, Fanny Lebreton, Romain Perrier, Manon Jaffredo, Christophe Mulle, Christophe Magnan, Matthieu Raoux, Jochen Lang
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2019)
Editorial Material
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Adam Gorlewicz, Katarzyna Krawczyk, Andrzej A. Szczepankiewicz, Pawel Trzaskoma, Christophe Mulle, Grzegorz M. Wilczynski
Review
Neurosciences
Gael Barthet, Christophe Mulle
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Meryl Malezieux, Ashley L. Kees, Christophe Mulle
Article
Cell Biology
Benjamin J. A. Robert, Maite M. Moreau, Steve Dos Santos Carvalho, Gael Barthet, Claudia Racca, Mehdi Bhouri, Anne Quiedeville, Maurice Garret, Benedicte Atchama, Alice Shaam Al Abed, Christelle Guette, Deborah J. Henderson, Aline Desmedt, Christophe Mulle, Aline Marighetto, Mireille Montcouquiol, Nathalie Sans
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashley L. Kees, Catherine Marneffe, Christophe Mulle
Summary: This editorial highlight discusses a new optogenetic tool called synaptoPAC, which can increase cAMP levels in pre-synaptic compartments using light. It is a powerful tool for studying pre-synaptic potentiation in selected neuronal circuits in relation to behaving animals.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tomas Jorda-Siquier, Melina Petrel, Vladimir Kouskoff, Una Smailovic, Fabrice Cordelieres, Susanne Frykman, Ulrike Mueller, Christophe Mulle, Gael Barthet
Summary: The distribution of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its fragments is altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD), leading to their accumulation around amyloid plaques with presynaptic proteins. This finding is associated with histopathological features and familial AD.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Adam Gorlewicz, Gael Barthet, Stefano Zucca, Peggy Vincent, Marilena Griguoli, Noelle Grosjean, Grzegorz Wilczynski, Christophe Mulle
Summary: Kainate receptors (KARs) play a crucial role in regulating synaptic circuits through ionotropic or metabotropic mechanisms. This study reveals that the acute convulsive effect of kainate is primarily dependent on GluK2/GluK5 containing KARs, while the convulsive activity induced by pilocarpine and pentylenetetrazol is not affected by the absence of KARs. Interestingly, the genetic inactivation of GluK2 increases susceptibility to acute pilocarpine-induced seizures.
Review
Neurosciences
Christophe Mulle, Valerie Crepel
Summary: Kainate receptors (KARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors that play important physiological roles in neuronal circuits, regulating EPSCs as post-synaptic receptors and controlling ion channels through non-canonical metabotropic actions. KARs, activated by endogenous glutamate, modulate neuronal circuit activity and plasticity under normal physiological conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christian B. M. Poulie, Younes Larsen, Cindie Leteneur, Gael Barthet, Walden E. Bjorn-Yoshimoto, Fanny Malhaire, Birgitte Nielsen, Jean-Phillippe Pin, Christophe Mulle, Darryl S. Pickering, Lennart Bunch
Summary: This study reports the pharmacological characterization of (S)-2-hydroxyhistidine (2a) and (S)-2-mercaptohistidine (2b) as mediators of glutamatergic neurotransmission. It was found that 2a showed no binding affinity or activity at all glutamate receptors and transporters, while 2b displayed selectivity for homomeric GluK3 receptors.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Gael Barthet, Ana Moreira-de-Sa, Pei Zhang, Jorge Castanheira, Adam Gorlewicz, Christophe Mulle
Summary: Kainate receptors (KARs) play a role in regulating neuronal networks and have been implicated in epilepsy. This study investigates the role of KARs in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and finds that the synaptic expression and function of KARs are impaired in mouse models of AD. The study also suggests that the protein APP stabilizes KARs at synapses through a transsynaptic mechanism, and this interaction is regulated by the c-secretase proteolytic activity of presenilin.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hazal Haytural, Tomas Jorda-Siquier, Bengt Winblad, Christophe Mulle, Lars O. Tjernberg, Ann-Charlotte Granholm, Susanne Frykman, Gael Barthet
Summary: The study found reduced levels of several presynaptic proteins in Alzheimer's disease cases, specifically in the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus, with other hippocampal sub-fields unaffected. This highlights the distinctive vulnerability of the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyms and supports the notion of presynaptic failure in Alzheimer's disease.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
