Article
Developmental Biology
Fumiyasu Imai, Mike Adam, S. Steven Potter, Yutaka Yoshida
Summary: The study reveals the crucial role of HoxD family transcription factors in the specificity of monosynaptic sensory-motor connections in the spinal cord. Mice lacking Hoxd9, Hoxd10 and Hoxd11 show locomotion defects and aberrant axon development in quadriceps motor neurons.
Article
Cell Biology
Maud Wurmser, Mridula Muppavarapu, Christine Mary Tait, Christophe Laumonnerie, Luz Maria Gonzalez-Castrillon, Sara Ivy Wilson
Summary: The correct organization and connectivity of neurons rely on the complex development from neural stem cell domains, with a significant role played by Robo2, particularly during embryonic stages in influencing axon guidance and cell body migration of dI1 neurons.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yi Sul Cho, Hye Min Han, Soon Youn Jeong, Tae Heon Kim, So Young Choi, Yun Sook Kim, Yong Chul Bae
Summary: This study investigated the expression of Piezo1 in the neurons and axons of the rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) and its involvement in dental mechanotransduction. The researchers found that Piezo1 was mainly expressed in medium-sized and large TG neurons, as well as in axons in the peripheral dental pulp. These findings suggest that Piezo1 plays a role in mediating acute pain elicited by high-threshold mechanical stimuli in the dental pulp.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Puneet Dang, Daniel T. Barnes, Ryan P. Cheng, Alison Xu, Yoon Ji Moon, Sai Sripad Kodukula, Jonathan A. Raper
Summary: In zebrafish, sensory neurons expressing related odorant receptors initially target protoglomeruli, which are large identifiable neuropils, in the olfactory bulb. This crude mapping is refined later in development as odorant receptor-specific glomeruli segregate from protoglomeruli. Netrins, a class of axon guidance molecules, are involved in protoglomerular targeting, and more detailed characterization and modeling of netrin expression confirm their role in this process. Netrin1a, netrin1b, and dcc are required for the normal guidance of olfactory sensory neurons to protoglomeruli.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Duaa Abuarqoub, Nouf Mahmoud, Walhan Alshaer, Marwa Mohammad, Abed Alqader Ibrahim, Mairvat Al-Mrahleh, Mohammad Alnatour, Dana A. Alqudah, Ezaldeen Esawi, Abdalla Awidi
Summary: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely used in biological and biomedical applications. This study evaluated the effects of two different shapes of AuNPs, rods (AuNR-PEG) and spheres (AuNS-PEG), on dental pulp stem cells. The results showed that AuNS-PEG had a stimulatory effect on cell proliferation and lower toxicity compared to AuNR-PEG. Additionally, cells treated with AuNPs and cultured with fetal bovine serum showed higher proliferation rates and lower toxicity compared to serum-free media.
Article
Neurosciences
Kenta Shimba, Takahiro Asahina, Koji Sakai, Kiyoshi Kotani, Yasuhiko Jimbo
Summary: This study successfully detected saltatory conduction in myelinated axons by using a high-density microelectrode array to record the activity of rat sensory neurons. The results confirmed the morphological changes of myelinating Schwann cells through immunofluorescence and ultrastructure examination. The findings suggest that our method could be a useful tool for evaluating spatio-temporal characteristics of axon conduction.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Batoul Chouaib, Pierre-Yves Collart-Dutilleul, Nicolas Blanc-Sylvestre, Richard Younes, Csilla Gergely, Cedric Raoul, Frederique Scamps, Frederic Cuisinier, Olivier Romieu
Summary: Stem cell-derived conditioned media show promise as pharmaceutical products for tissue regeneration, with human dental pulp cells (DPCs) conditioned medium enhancing neurite outgrowth in sensory neurons. Frozen storage does not affect activity, and 48 hours of conditioning is optimal. The addition of B-27 supplement enhances the regenerative effect of DPC secretome.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jing Fu, Xigong Li, Feilu Jin, Yanzhao Dong, Haiying Zhou, Ahmad Alhaskawi, Zewei Wang, Jingtian Lai, Chengjun Yao, Sohaib Hasan Abdullah Ezzi, Vishnu Goutham Kota, Mohamed Hasan Abdulla Hasan Abdulla, Bin Chen, Hui Lu
Summary: Peripheral nerve diseases are often caused by severe fractures, trauma, and surgeries, resulting in decreased quality of life and impaired physical and mental health. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) with their strong differentiation potential and proliferation capacity, provide a novel cell source for nerve regeneration. DPSCs can express neurotrophic and immunomodulatory factors, promoting blood vessel formation and nerve regeneration. Therefore, DPSCs hold valuable therapeutic potential in the management of peripheral neuropathies.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Wittawas Srikawnawan, Anupong Songsaad, Thanasup Gonmanee, Charoensri Thonabulsombat, Chareerut Phruksaniyom, Kenneth L. White, Nisarat Ruangsawasdi
Summary: The study found that the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 can promote the neuronal differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) without cytotoxicity, and the optimal concentration is 10muM.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Luisa Bandeira Lopes, Catarina Calvao, Filipa Salema Vieira, Joao Albernaz Neves, Jose Joao Mendes, Vanessa Machado, Joao Botelho
Summary: This umbrella review critically assesses the available systematic reviews on vital pulp therapy (VPT) and non-vital therapy (NPT) for dental caries in primary dentition. The review finds that the methodological quality of the included studies varies, and future high standard reviews and well-designed clinical trials are needed to better understand the clinical protocols and outcomes of VPT and NPT.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sara Bolivar, Esther Udina
Summary: Specificity in regeneration after peripheral nerve injuries is crucial for functional recovery. This study found that cutaneous mechanoreceptors regenerated faster than other neuron populations, followed by motoneurons and then proprioceptors. Additionally, all neuron types initially preferred to regenerate into the cutaneous branch, but in the long term, they mainly regenerated through their original branch. Furthermore, motoneurons had more collateral branches than proprioceptors, and myelinated neurons extended more regenerative sprouts in the cutaneous branch.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Laura Howard, Sean Wyatt, Alun M. Davies
Summary: Recent research has shown that NRG4 is a physiological regulator of growth for sympathetic axons and CNS dendrites. The study investigated whether NRG4 is involved in sensory axon growth and the establishment of cutaneous sensory innervation, finding that NRG4 plays a key role in early cutaneous sensory innervation establishment and promotes sensory axon growth in trigeminal ganglion and DRG neurons.
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jiahui Fu, Jianfeng Chen, Wenjun Li, Xiaomin Yang, Jingyan Yang, Huixin Quan, Haitao Huang, Gang Chen
Summary: The supplementation of laminins to DPEM enhances odontogenic differentiation of cells and contributes to the formation of the odontoblast layer in dental pulp regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
G. Larisa Maier, Nikita Komarov, Felix Meyenhofer, Jae Young Kwon, Simon G. Sprecher
Summary: Despite the small number of gustatory sense neurons in Drosophila larvae, researchers found that neurons can be activated by different combinations of taste modalities, including opposite hedonic valence. They also identified distinct temporal dynamics of response and external sucrose sensing neurons in the larval external taste center, suggesting that external and internal gustation may use distinct and complementary mechanisms in sugar sensing.
Article
Neurosciences
Shihao Lin, Krishnapriya Hari, Sophie Black, Aysan Khatmi, Karim Fouad, Monica A. Gorassini, Yaqing Li, Ana M. Lucas-Osma, Keith K. Fenrich, David J. Bennett
Summary: This study reveals the important role of V3 neurons in modulating sensory transmission, including sensory-evoked primary afferent depolarization (PAD) and glutamate receptor-mediated PAD. V3 neurons receive extensive sensory input and innervate GABAergic neurons that cause PAD. The prolonged activity of V3 neurons and their long propriospinal tracts contribute to the prolonged and radiating nature of PAD, facilitating monosynaptic reflex transmission. Additionally, V3 neurons directly innervate proprioceptive afferents, further enhancing the sensory modulation. Increasing spinal cord excitability can amplify the glutamate PAD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Beom Suk Kim, Da Som Kim, Seok Kang, Jae Young Kim, Byungheon Kang, Im Joo Rhyu, Joon Shik Yoon
Summary: The study confirmed the accuracy of ultrasound-guided injections in the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), with the greatest thickness and cross-sectional area at the middle injection point. Dispersion of the injection solution was more effective with a volume of 5 mL. Further clinical studies are needed to determine the optimal injection volume.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyeijung Yoo, Soo Hyun Yang, Jin Yong Kim, Esther Yang, Hyung Sun Park, Se Jeong Lee, Im Joo Rhyu, Gustavo Turecki, Hyun Woo Lee, Hyun Kim
Summary: The study found that reduced expression of habenular CAPS2 in depression animal models and major depressive disorder patients, as well as knockdown of CAPS2, led to despair-like behavior, decreased release of DCVs in the IPN, and reduced neuronal activity in the IPN and monoaminergic centers. These results suggest that MHb CAPS2 plays a crucial role in depressive behavior through regulation of neuropeptide secretion and activity of monoaminergic centers in the MHb-IPN pathway.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hong Bum Park, Jin Young Im, Dasom Kim, Ki Hoon Kim, Nack Hwan Kim, Im Joo Rhyu, Dong Hwee Kim
Summary: The study identified the optimal and safest needle electromyographic insertion site for the supinator muscle to be approximately 30 to 40 mm distal to the radial head along the RW line.
Article
Oncology
Dai Hyun Kim, Se Jeong Lee, Soo Hong Seo, Hyo Hyun Ahn, Byung-Jo Kim, Woong Sun, Im Joo Rhyu
Summary: This study aimed to standardize 3-D imaging and quantification techniques to evaluate epidermal melanocytes. The results showed that the melanocytic nevus area had more melanocytic dendrites and similar numbers of cell bodies compared to the perilesional area. Additionally, the average area and volume of cell bodies increased in the melanocytic nevus area.
PIGMENT CELL & MELANOMA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ju-Hyun Lee, Hyogeun Shin, Mohammed R. Shaker, Hyun Jung Kim, Si-Hyung Park, June Hoan Kim, Namwon Lee, Minjin Kang, Subin Cho, Tae Hwan Kwak, Jong Woon Kim, Mi-Ryoung Song, Seung-Hae Kwon, Dong Wook Han, Sanghyuk Lee, Se-Young Choi, Im Joo Rhyu, Hyun Kim, Dongho Geum, Il-Joo Cho, Woong Sun
Summary: A three-dimensional culture system and protocol for the production of human spinal-cord-like organoids have been developed, which recapitulate the morphogenesis of the early spinal cord and can be used for disease modeling and drug screening.
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Ki Hoon Kim, Hong Bum Park, Dasom Kim, Im Joo Rhyu, Dong Hwee Kim
Summary: This study found a safe and accurate electromyographic needle insertion site for the rhomboid major muscle through cadaver dissection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dai Hyun Kim, Se Jeong Lee, June Hoan Kim, Sung Jin Park, Soo Hong Seo, Hyo Hyun Ahn, Woong Sun, Byung-Jo Kim, Im Joo Rhyu
Summary: A study was conducted to standardize the 3-D evaluation method of intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENFs) and suggest potential 3-D biomarkers for peripheral neuropathies and pruritic skin disorders. The suction blister method combined with tissue-clearing technique was applied to reconstruct and quantify the detailed structure of IENFs. The study found that the 3-D parameters most significantly related to natural aging were the convex hull two-dimensional perimeter and the total length, which could potentially serve as biomarkers for these conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Boram Lee, Ju-Hyun Lee, Dai Hyun Kim, Eun Sil Kim, Bo Kyoung Seo, Im Joo Rhyu, Woong Sun
Summary: Transparency is crucial for studying and understanding the structure and function of biological specimens. This study improved the recipe for adjusting the refractive index of media and achieved a single-step procedure. It can be used for ECM-rich tissues and can be combined with other methods to further enhance transparency.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Beom Suk Kim, Im Joo Rhyu, Dong Hwee Kim
Summary: This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (US) in evaluating ulnar nerve instability (UNI) and snapping of the medial head of the triceps brachii muscle (ST). The study found that dynamic US accurately assessed UNI and ST, and there was a correlation between UNI and medial triceps movement.
Article
Surgery
Ryun Ha, Seon Tae Kim, Junsun Ryu, Il Gyu Kang, Jae Goo Kang, Chang-Sub Uhm, Im Joo Rhyu, Yun Hee Choi, Sarina Rajbhandari, Taek Keun Kwon
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the emergence routes of the supraorbital nerve (SON). Data of 942 patients (1884 SON cases) were analyzed, revealing that male patients had more notches in the SON, while female patients had more foramina. These findings provide valuable information for surgeons to understand the variation and location of the SON.
AESTHETIC PLASTIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ji-Min Noh, Seung-Cheol Choi, Myeong-Hwa Song, Kyung Seob Kim, Seongmin Jun, Jae Hyoung Park, Ju Hyeon Kim, Kyoungmi Kim, Tae Hee Ko, Jong-Il Choi, Jeong-An Gim, Jong-Hoon Kim, Yongjun Jang, Yongdoo Park, Ji Eun Na, Im Joo Rhyu, Do-Sun Lim
Summary: The effects of cellular aggregate (CA) stemness and self-organization on the generation of mature and vascularized human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac organoids (hPSC-COs) were investigated in this study. The study found that COs derived from 2-day-old CAs with high stemness (H-COs) exhibited cardiomyocyte maturation and vessel formation compared to COs derived from 5-day-old CAs with low stemness (L-COs). The activation of LIMK/Cofilin axis played an important role in the generation of mature and vascularized COs.
Article
Surgery
Hyun-Joo Lee, Maria Florencia Deslivia, Erica Kholinne, Im Joo Rhyu, Suk-Joong Lee, In-Ho Jeon
Summary: The study investigates the topography of Pacinian corpuscles in the fingertips of a human cadaver. The density of Pacinian corpuscles was found to be greater on the radial side of all digits except the thumb. These corpuscles were observed only in the subcutaneous tissue.
JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-ASIAN-PACIFIC VOLUME
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dasom Kim, Jin Woo Park, Sung Bum Cho, Im Joo Rhyu
Summary: This study investigated the anatomical information necessary for safe procedures of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC). The results showed that the right arm has a shorter distance from the insertion site to the right atrium, and the left arm has a wider vein diameter, which is advantageous for the procedure. Special attention is required during the procedure to avoid damaging important structures such as the ulnar nerve and brachial artery.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dai Hyun Kim, Dasom Kim, Jee Won Moon, Sung-Won Chae, Im Joo Rhyu
Summary: Nasopharyngeal swabs have been widely used to prevent the spread of COVID-19, but there are potential complications. This study reviewed previous literature to identify and suggest procedural references to minimize risks. The reported complications were rare, with retained swabs, epistaxis, and cerebrospinal fluid leakage being the most frequently documented adverse events. Clinicians need to have sufficient anatomical knowledge and appropriate techniques to ensure safe testing.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ji Hyun Kim, Jin Woo Park, Woo Suk Tae, Im Joo Rhyu
Summary: This study used automated MRI brain analysis techniques to analyze brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of basketball players, and found plastic changes in their cerebral cortices. These changes were mainly observed in the precentral gyri, paracentral lobules, and superior temporal gyrus.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.