Article
Psychology, Biological
Matthew M. Campolattaro, Olga Lipatova, Katherine Horenstein
Summary: Research investigated the effect of electrolytic fornix lesions on trace and delay eyeblink conditioning in rats. Results showed that fornix lesions impaired trace conditioning but not delay conditioning. The findings indicate that trace eyeblink conditioning relies on the hippocampus and that neural pathways for delay and trace conditioning differ even when the cue composition is the same.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Chao Yang, Xiaoping Wang, Zhanfei Chen, Sen Zhang, Zhigang Zeng
Summary: This article proposes an OC-CC cascaded circuit that simulates biological learning and adaptation capabilities. By using OC and CC circuits, the circuit achieves bio-like functions and can perform online learning and computing. The simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the circuit in power consumption and hardware overhead, providing a feasible approach for large-scale bionic learning.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Chao Yang, Xiaoping Wang, Zhanfei Chen, Zilu Wang, Sen Zhang, Zhigang Zeng
Summary: This work proposes a bio-inspired decision-making memristive circuit drawing on Hull's secondary learning system. The circuit can mimic decision-making processes initiated by secondary drive stimuli and shaped by secondary reinforcers through classical conditioning and operant conditioning. It also considers factors influencing decision-making, such as demand states, incentive motivation, and habit strength. The proposed circuit includes modules for classical conditioning, drive regulation, habit memory, incentive generation, and winner-takes-all, designed using a modular hierarchical circuit design method. The circuit utilizes memristors to perform brain-like online learning in an in-memory computing manner, providing power and area advantages. PSPICE-based simulations demonstrate the circuit's strong adaptive decision-making ability, making it applicable to bionic intelligent robots for complex tasks like detection and rescue.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Wei-Wei Zhang, Rong-Rong Li, Jie Zhang, Jie Yan, Qian-Hui Zhang, Zhi-An Hu, Bo Hu, Zhong-Xiang Yao, Hao Chen
Summary: Using in vivo multi-channel recording and optogenetics, researchers found that hippocampal interneurons exhibited conditioned stimulus (CS)-evoked sustained activity, which played a predictive role in the performance of conditioned eyeblink responses (CRs) in the early acquisition of trace eyeblink conditioning (tEBC). Optogenetic suppression of the sustained activity of hippocampal interneurons impaired the acquisition of tEBC, suggesting the crucial role of these interneurons in associative learning.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Henk-Jan Boele, Sangyun Joung, Joanne E. Fil, Austin T. Mudd, Stephen A. Fleming, Sebastiaan K. E. Koekkoek, Ryan N. Dilger
Summary: By conducting eyeblink conditioning experiments on 3-week-old pigs, it has been demonstrated for the first time that young pigs have the potential to be a valuable behavioral tool in measuring neurodevelopment through cerebellar classical conditioning tasks.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Biological
Wayson Maturana, Isabela Lobo, J. Landeira-Fernandez, Daniel C. Mograbi
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and the presence of brain abnormalities. This review explores the impact of Alzheimer's disease on nondeclarative associative learning, such as eyeblink conditioning and fear conditioning. Evidence suggests that nondeclarative learning is also affected by Alzheimer's disease, but some forms may be relatively preserved. The findings have implications for understanding the effects of the disease on different types of memory.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Matthew Ricci, Junkyung Kim, Fredrik Johansson
Summary: The cerebellar Purkinje cell controls eyeblinks and can learn, remember, and reproduce the timing of stimuli in a classical conditioning paradigm. Previous models suggest that the perception of time is represented in upstream networks, but direct stimulation of the Purkinje cell during conditioning still results in a well-timed response. Furthermore, experimental findings indicate that the acquired Purkinje cell response is insensitive to variations in the temporal structure of probe stimulation, motivating the development of alternative models.
FRONTIERS IN COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna Sadnicka, Lorenzo Rocchi, Anna Latorre, Elena Antelmi, James Teo, Isabel Parees, Britt S. Hoffland, Kristian Brock, Katja Kornysheva, Mark J. Edwards, Kailash P. Bhatia, John C. Rothwell
Summary: This study aimed to examine the influence of dystonia on eyeblink conditioning and explore its relationship with sex, age, and dystonia subtypes. The results showed that isolated dystonia and its subtypes had similar eyeblink conditioning levels compared to the control group, and a wide range of variability was observed in both healthy individuals and dystonia patients. This finding suggests that there is no global cerebellar learning deficit in isolated dystonia.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuxuan Zhao, Yi Zeng, Guang Qiao
Summary: Classical conditioning plays a critical role in the learning process of biological brains, and our brain-inspired BICC model can replicate a broader set of findings and offer better computational explainability for both the experimental phenomena and the biological mechanisms of classical conditioning.
Article
Neurosciences
Joyce Keifer
Summary: An in vitro model was used to investigate the synaptic plasticity mechanisms underlying the acquisition of associative learning. The model replaced real stimuli with patterned stimulation of cranial nerves using an isolated turtle brainstem preparation. The primary findings demonstrated the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in learning acquisition. It was shown that the intact cerebellum was not necessary for the acquisition of conditioned responses (CRs), but the appropriate timing was crucial. Synaptic mechanisms involving AMPA receptor (AMPAR) trafficking were found to play a role, regulated by specific signal transduction cascades and guided by protein chaperones. The expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein was central to AMPAR trafficking and conditioning, regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. A hypothesis was proposed suggesting that learning genes like BDNF are poised for rapid activation or repression in response to environmental stimuli through chromatin modifications. These in vitro studies have greatly contributed to our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying associative learning.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Dilara Gostolupce, Belinda P. P. Lay, Etienne J. P. Maes, Mihaela D. Iordanova
Summary: This article discusses associative learning and argues that the physical presence of stimuli is not necessary for this type of learning. It explains how associative relationships can form between events through the integration of information from different training phases. The article details the procedures and factors that influence learning in two similar designs (sensory preconditioning and second-order conditioning) and emphasizes the importance of studying this knowledge in understanding brain function.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
F. R. Fiocchi, S. Dijkhuizen, S. K. E. Koekkoek, C. I. De Zeeuw, H. J. Boele
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated stimulus generalization in a cerebellar learning paradigm called eyeblink conditioning. They found that mice showed a strong generalization gradient, with the probability and amplitude of conditioned eyelid responses decreasing as the tones' dissimilarity to the 10-kHz tone increased. The researchers also discovered that lower frequency tones resulted in conditioned responses that peaked earlier after tone onset compared to higher frequency tones.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Caitlin R. Bowman, Maria-Alejandra De Araujo Sanchez, William Hou, Sarina Rubin, Dagmar Zeithamova
Summary: Research shows that physical resemblance plays an important role in memory generalization, but does not always result in high levels of false memories.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nina L. de Oude, Freek E. Hoebeek, Michiel M. ten Brinke, Chris de Zeeuw, Henk-Jan Boele
Summary: This study confirms the importance of normal calcium homeostasis in neurons for learning and memory formation. In a mouse model with a mutation in an essential calcium channel abundantly expressed in the cerebellum, severely impaired learning in eyeblink conditioning was found. Eyeblink conditioning is a cerebellar-dependent learning task. The expression of conditioned eyeblinks was further disrupted during brief periods of brain-wide oscillatory activity caused by the mutation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aelon Rahmani, Yee Lian Chew
Summary: This review highlights the advances in studying learning through the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, which has a compact nervous system and genetic tractability. By targeting distinct sensory modalities, learning and memory can be studied, along with understanding key molecular and cellular pathways.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eric B. Emmons, Benjamin J. De Corte, Youngcho Kim, Krystal L. Parker, Matthew S. Matell, Nandakumar S. Narayanan
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Souvarish Sarkar, Emir Malovic, Brandon Plante, Gary Zenitsky, Huajun Jin, Vellareddy Anantharam, Arthi Kanthasamy, Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Souvarish Sarkar, Emir Malovic, Dilshan S. Harischandra, Hilary A. Ngwa, Anamitra Ghosh, Colleen Hogan, Dharmin Rokad, Gary Zenitsky, Huajun Jin, Vellareddy Anantharam, Anumantha G. Kanthasamy, Arthi Kanthasamy
Article
Neurosciences
Arun Singh, Nicholas T. Trapp, Benjamin De Corte, Scarlett Cao, Johnathon Kingyon, Aaron D. Boes, Krystal L. Parker
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dilshan S. Harischandra, Dharmin Rokad, Matthew L. Neal, Shivani Ghaisas, Sireesha Manne, Souvarish Sarkar, Nikhil Panicker, Gary Zenitsky, Huajun Jin, Mechelle Lewis, Xuemei Huang, Vellareddy Anantharam, Arthi Kanthasamy, Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
Article
Acoustics
Spencer T. Brinker, Frank Preiswerk, Nathan J. McDannold, Krystal L. Parker, Timothy Y. Mariano
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2019)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Jonah Heskje, Kelsey Heslin, Benjamin J. De Corte, Kyle P. Walsh, Youngcho Kim, Sangwoo Han, Erik S. Carlson, Krystal L. Parker
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Behavioral Sciences
Krystal Parker, John Freeman
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Minhong Huang, Dan Lou, Adhithiya Charli, Dehui Kong, Huajun Jin, Gary Zenitsky, Vellareddy Anantharam, Arthi Kanthasamy, Zhibin Wang, Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
Summary: Research shows that mitochondrial dysfunction leads to increased H3K27ac acetylation in dopaminergic neuronal models of PD, opening vulnerable epigenomic loci, which is validated in PD-related neurodegenerative models and postmortem PD brains.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marisol Lauffer, Hsiang Wen, Bryn Myers, Ashley Plumb, Krystal Parker, Aislinn Williams
Summary: L-type voltage-gated calcium channel Ca(V)1.3 plays an important role in regulating neuronal activity in the brain. It has been linked to impairments in fear conditioning and depressive-like behaviors, as well as genetic variations associated with psychiatric disorders. Knockout of Ca(V)1.3 in mice led to deficits in motor learning and impaired associative learning.
GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kelsey A. Heslin, Jessica R. Purnell, Benjamin J. De Corte, Krystal L. Parker
Summary: The involvement of the cerebellum in suprasecond interval timing is controversial. Many previous studies have limitations and may have missed a critical window of cerebellar involvement. In this study, the rat lateral cerebellar nucleus was pharmacologically inactivated across three different peak interval timing tasks, and no strong support for cerebellar involvement in suprasecond interval timing was found.
BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Minhong Huang, Alejandra Bargues-Carot, Zainab Riaz, Hannah Wickham, Gary Zenitsky, Huajun Jin, Vellareddy Anantharam, Arthi Kanthasamy, Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental risk factors. Environmental factors such as pesticides, heavy metals, chemicals, and traumatic brain injury have been associated with PD. This review summarizes the environmental toxicology and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of PD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Correction
Neurosciences
K. L. Parker, K. H. Chen, J. R. Kingyon, J. F. Cavanagh, N. S. Narayanan
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Kelsey Heslin, Kyle Walsh, Jonah Heskje, Erik Carlson, Krystal Parker
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Pathology
Najiba Mammadova, Shivani Ghaisas, Gary Zenitsky, Donald S. Sakaguchi, Anumantha G. Kanthasamy, Justin J. Greenlee, M. Heather West Greenlee
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.