Article
Biology
Mohit Dubey, Maria Pascual-Garcia, Koke Helmes, Dennis D. Wever, Mustafa S. Hamada, Steven A. Kushner, Maarten H. P. Kole
Summary: PV+ interneurons in the brain are powerful inhibitors that regulate important cognitive processes. However, they have unusual, patchy myelination, and it is unclear how this affects their function. Loss of myelin in these interneurons reduces signal strength and increases the power of slow brain waves, as well as triggering epilepsy-like brain activity. Restoring myelination helps reverse these deficits and could be a potential therapeutic strategy for cognitive impairments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriela L. Carrillo, Jianmin Su, Mikel L. Cawley, Derek Wei, Simran K. Gill, Ira J. Blader, Michael A. Fox
Summary: The parasitic infection of Toxoplasma gondii can alter neural circuits by selectively removing inhibitory synapses on excitatory pyramidal neurons, leading to central nervous system infection and increased risk for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Philipp Eckert, Philine Marchetta, Marie K. Manthey, Michael H. Walter, Sasa Jovanovic, Daria Savitska, Wibke Singer, Michele H. Jacob, Lukas Ruettiger, Thomas Schimmang, Ivan Milenkovic, Peter K. D. Pilz, Marlies Knipper
Summary: Studies suggest that deficits in the migration of GABAergic precursor cells can lead to severe cognitive dysfunctions and neurodevelopmental pathogenesis. The absence of BDNF in specific GABAergic precursor cells may result in cognitive disabilities and an autistic-like phenotype, affecting inhibitory/excitatory balance and synaptic plasticity.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rhiannan H. Williams, Therese Riedemann
Summary: Researchers are extensively studying cortical interneurons to understand their specific functions in the brain and potentially target them for therapeutic purposes. Among the different classes of interneurons, this review focuses on parvalbumin or somatostatin-containing cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clark W. Bird, Glenna J. Chavez, Megan J. Barber, C. Fernando Valenzuela
Summary: Prenatal ethanol exposure leads to cognitive deficits in rodents through alterations in interneuron function, particularly in the retrosplenial cortex. Acute and long-term effects of ethanol on GABAergic neurotransmission in neonatal and adolescent mice were studied, revealing potential mechanisms underlying learning and memory deficits seen in ethanol-exposed mice.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Pablo Juarez, Veronica Martinez Cerdeno
Summary: Parvalbumin (PV) is a calcium binding protein expressed by inhibitory fast-spiking interneurons in the cerebral cortex. PV+ Ch cells, a type of PV+ interneuron, play a crucial role in cortical signaling and are associated with neurological disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding the role of PV and PV+ Ch cell alterations in these disorders is important for both research and treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Erica S. Brady, Jessica Griffiths, Lilya Andrianova, Monika H. Bielska, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C. Saido, Andrew D. Randall, Francesco Tamagnini, Jonathan Witton, Michael T. Craig
Summary: In the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, the accumulation of the peptide amyloid-beta damages synapses and disrupts neuronal activity, leading to the disruption of neuronal oscillations associated with cognition. Research in this field has largely been conducted in mouse models and an in-depth characterization is currently lacking. Using the AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F mouse model, this study found changes in the power of mPFC spindles and hippocampal sharp-wave ripples during NREM sleep, accompanied by alterations in PV-expressing interneuron activity and density.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lilla Ravasz, Katalin Adrienna Kekesi, Daniel Mittli, Mihail Ivilinov Todorov, Zsolt Borhegyi, Maria Ercsey-Ravasz, Botond Tyukodi, Jinhui Wang, Tamas Bartfai, James Eberwine, Gabor Juhasz
Summary: The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is crucial for higher cognitive functions and psychiatric disorders, with glutamatergic pyramidal (Pyr) cells and GABAergic interneurons being the major types of neurons. By performing ultra-deep single-cell mRNA sequencing, selectively expressed transcripts associated with psychiatric diseases were identified and linked to Pyr or FS cells. This study confirmed previous classification of PFC neurons at the mRNA level and provided additional markers.
Article
Neurosciences
Ling Zhang, Yu-Zhu Gao, Chun-Jie Zhao, Jiang-Yan Xia, Jian-Jun Yang, Mu-Huo Ji
Summary: This study reveals that active MMP-9 mediates PNN remodeling, leading to reduced synaptic input and abnormal gamma oscillations in hippocampal CA1, ultimately contributing to cognitive impairments in SAE induced by LPS injection. Treatment with the MMP-9 inhibitor SB-3CT can rescue most of these abnormalities.
Article
Cell Biology
Emma E. Boxer, Charlotte Seng, David Lukacsovich, JungMin Kim, Samantha Schwartz, Matthew J. Kennedy, Csaba Foldy, Jason Aoto
Summary: The study reveals multiple roles for Nrxn3 at GABAergic synapses in vSUB, showing sexually dimorphic intrinsic connectivity and synaptic function. While PVs preferentially contact RS neurons in male mice, they favor BS neurons in female mice. Nrxn3 knockout affects synapse density and postsynaptic strength in males, but enhances presynaptic release in females.
Article
Neurosciences
Moushumi Nath, Sanjeev K. Bhardwaj, Lalit K. Srivastava, Tak Pan Wong
Summary: The dysfunction of the ventral hippocampal-prefrontal cortical pathway is a core neuroimaging feature of schizophrenia. This study investigates the effects of early developmental perturbations in the ventral hippocampus on long-term functional organization in the prefrontal cortex. The findings reveal mechanisms by which the prefrontal cortex adapts to early developmental disruptions in the ventral hippocampus, providing insights into the circuit pathology of schizophrenia.
Article
Neurosciences
Kirill Zavalin, Anjana Hassan, Cary Fu, Eric Delpire, Andre H. Lagrange
Summary: KCC2 is an important regulator of neuronal development and function, maintaining inhibitory responses mediated by GABA receptors. It also interacts with other proteins to regulate various neuronal processes. The loss of KCC2 leads to an imbalance in interneuron subtypes, resulting in seizures and premature death.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ulrich Schweizer, Marietta Fabiano
Summary: Selenoprotein expression is widespread in neurons of the central nervous system, and low levels of selenium or selenoproteins are linked to seizures and epilepsy, affecting the inhibitory system; development of the brain depends on the thyroid hormone T3; genetic deficiencies of selenoproteins may impact the development and degeneration of the central nervous system.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Roberta Magliozzi, Marco Pitteri, Stefano Ziccardi, Anna Isabella Pisani, Luigi Montibeller, Damiano Marastoni, Stefania Rossi, Valentina Mazziotti, Maddalena Guandalini, Caterina Dapor, Gianmarco Schiavi, Agnese Tamanti, Richard Nicholas, Richard Reynolds, Massimiliano Calabrese
Summary: The study showed that CSF-PVALB levels are elevated in MS patients and correlated with a decrease in PVALB+ cell density, increased MHC-II+ microglia density, earlier age of onset, shorter time to wheelchair, and earlier age of death. In MS patients, increased CSF-PVALB levels were associated with more severe disease course and cognitive impairment, suggesting it may be a potential early biomarker of cortical neurodegeneration, atrophy, and cognitive decline in MS.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Cheryl D. Stimpson, Jeroen B. Smaers, Mary Ann Raghanti, Kimberley A. Phillips, Bob Jacobs, William D. Hopkins, Patrick R. Hof, Chet C. Sherwood
Summary: Investigating evolutionary changes in frontal cortex microstructure is crucial to understanding cognition in different primate species. This study found that the rate of evolutionary change is similar across microstructural variables, except for neuropil fraction, which has a stronger correlation with brain size. The study also revealed that neuropil fraction in specific layers of the orbitofrontal cortex is associated with cross-species variation in self-control.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jay Spampanato, Anne Gibson, F. Edward Dudek
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jay Spampanato, F. Edward Dudek
Review
Neurosciences
Jay Spampanato, Jai Polepalli, Pankaj Sah
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jay Spampanato, Robert K. Sullivan, Fabrice R. Turpin, Perry F. Bartlett, Pankaj Sah
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jay Spampanato, Wendy Pouliot, Steven L. Bealer, Bonnie Roach, Francis Edward Dudek
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Timothy B. C. Johnstone, Hilary S. McCarren, Jay Spampanato, F. Edward Dudek, John H. McDonough, Derk Hogenkamp, Kelvin W. Gee
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Jay Spampanato, F. Edward Dudek
Article
Physiology
Jay Spampanato, Robert K. P. Sullivan, Madhusoothanan B. Perumal, Pankaj Sah
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Jay Spampanato, Istvan Mody
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2007)
Article
Neurosciences
J Spampanato, JA Kearney, G de Haan, DP McEwen, A Escayg, I Aradi, BT MacDonald, SI Levin, I Soltesz, P Benna, E Montalenti, LL Isom, AL Goldin, MH Meisler
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2004)
Article
Neurosciences
J Spampanato, I Aradi, I Soltesz, AL Goldin
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2004)
Article
Neurosciences
J Spampanato, A Escayg, MH Meisler, AL Goldin
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2001)
Article
Neurosciences
J Spampanato, A Escayg, MH Meisler, AL Goldin
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.