Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yeonggwang Hwang, Hyoung-Chun Kim, Eun-Joo Shin
Summary: Repeated exposure to MCLR enhances KA-induced seizures and neurodegeneration in the hippocampus by increasing membrane GluK2 expression and enhancing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
Article
Neurosciences
Czarina Ramos, Stefano Lutzu, Miwako Yamasaki, Yuchio Yanagawa, Kenji Sakimura, Susumu Tomita, Masahiko Watanabe, Pablo E. Castillo
Summary: This study provides the first direct evidence of functional extrasynaptic kainate receptors (KARs) on mossy cells (MCs) in the hippocampus. These KARs are mainly located extrasynaptically and play a critical role in the activity of MCs. Increases in ambient glutamate can activate the KARs on MCs.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alicia M. Hendrix, Kathi A. Lefebvre, Emily K. Bowers, Rudolph Stuppard, Thomas Burbacher, David J. Marcinek
Summary: The excitatory neurotoxin domoic acid (DA) consistently contaminates food webs in coastal regions, causing Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning. Age and sex can affect individual susceptibility to DA, with advanced age and female sex showing increased symptoms. This study found that aged mice and females demonstrated more severe neurotoxic symptoms and higher tissue DA concentrations after acute exposure to DA. These findings contribute to developing evidence-based public health protections against DA-producing algal blooms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Dong, Yuanwu Ma, Feifei Guan, Xu Zhang, Wei Chen, Li Zhang, Lianfeng Zhang
Summary: The study investigated the impact of C9orf72 protein deficiency on a rat ALS model, showing that C9orf72 protein loss alone is not enough to cause ALS, but it sensitizes MNs to other risk factors such as excitotoxicity, synergistically leading to ALS pathogenesis.
Article
Neurosciences
Allison R. Peterson, Terese A. Garcia, Kyle Cullion, Seema K. Tiwari-Woodruff, Ernest Pedapati, Devin K. Binder
Summary: Astrocytic glutamate transporters play a crucial role in maintaining glutamate homeostasis in the brain, and targeting glutamate uptake may be a promising therapeutic strategy for epilepsy. Upregulation of GLT-1 in astrocytes has shown to be neuroprotective, reducing seizure frequency and eliminating large behavioral seizures in epilepsy models.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting-Yang Hsieh, Yi Chang, Su-Jane Wang
Summary: This study found that piperine can protect hippocampal neurons against excitotoxicity induced by kainic acid by modulating the nerve growth factor signaling pathway.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta D'Amora, Alessandro Galgani, Maria Marchese, Francesco Tantussi, Ugo Faraguna, Francesco De Angelis, Filippo Sean Giorgi
Summary: This article explores the potential of using Zebrafish as a model for epilepsy research. Zebrafish provide a simplified and cost-effective alternative to traditional rodent models for studying the pathophysiology and drug treatments of epilepsy. They can be easily genetically modified to mimic specific forms of human epilepsy and have been successfully induced to have seizures using various chemical agents. This research highlights the state-of-the-art and potential new applications of Zebrafish in understanding the mechanisms of epilepsy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyeok Hee Kwon, Seung Yeon Jung, Hyewon Park, Hyo Jung Shin, Dong Woon Kim, Hee-Jung Song, Joon Won Kang
Summary: Oxygenated water has antiepileptic effects on rodent models, increasing the seizure threshold and reducing the frequency and duration of seizures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheng-Wei Lu, Chen-Jung Lin, Pei-Wen Hsieh, Kuan-Ming Chiu, Ming-Yi Lee, Tzu-Yu Lin, Su-Jane Wang
Summary: This study investigates the role of HFP034, a synthesized anthranilate derivative, in the central glutamatergic system. The results show that HFP034 inhibits excessive release of glutamate and has neuroprotective effects. The study suggests that the inhibitory effect of HFP034 is achieved through the suppression of P/Q-type Ca2+ channels and PKC/MARCKS pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Amanda M. McGann, Grace C. Westerkamp, Alisha Chalasani, Cole S. K. Danzer, Emma V. Parkins, Valerine Rajathi, Paul S. Horn, Ernest V. Pedapati, Durgesh Tiwari, Steve C. Danzer, Christina Gross
Summary: This study investigated whether antagonism of miR-324-5p during epileptogenesis inhibits the development of epilepsy using an intrahippocampal kainic acid model in male wild type C57BL/6 J mice. The results suggest that miR-324-5p inhibition during epileptogenesis induced by status epilepticus does not convey anti-epileptogenic effects, but has subtle effects on EEG frequency bands. This highlights the importance of timing of intervention in epilepsy development and suggests that miR-324-5p may primarily act as a proconvulsant rather than a pro-epileptogenic regulator.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ji-Eun Kim, Duk-Shin Lee, Tae-Hyun Kim, Hana Park, Min-Ju Kim, Tae-Cheon Kang
Summary: In this study, we found that the DARPP-32-PP1-AMPAR signaling pathway may play an important role in the latency of seizure onset. Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate phosphatase/chronophin (PLPP/CIN) transiently dephosphorylated DARPP-32 and increased the seizure onset latency, while casein kinase 2 (CK2) phosphorylated DARPP-32 and exacerbated the intensity, duration, and progression of seizures.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jong Hee Choi, Tae Woo Kwon, Hyo Sung Jo, Yujeong Ha, Ik-Hyun Cho
Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic potential of Gintonin (GT), derived from Panax ginseng, in treating epilepsy. Results showed that GT alleviated seizures in mice and ameliorated excitotoxic events in the hippocampus by reducing neuroglial activation, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and increasing antioxidant activity. GT has the potential to be a treatment for epilepsy.
JOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen-Ling Gan, Yulian Zou, Dongmei Chen, Xindong Shui, Li Hu, Ruomeng Li, Tao Zhang, Junhao Wang, Yingxue Mei, Long Wang, Mi Zhang, Yuan Tian, Xi Gu, Tae Ho Lee
Summary: The overexpression of DAPK1 has been found to increase seizure severity and neuronal cell death in epilepsy patients. Experimental results have shown that targeting DAPK1 can effectively inhibit seizures and apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide important insights into the pathogenesis of epilepsy and suggest a novel therapeutic strategy for treating this condition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rachel L. Langton, Shaunik Sharma, Grant C. Tiarks, Alexander G. Bassuk, Joseph Glykys
Summary: Lacosamide reduces seizure-like activity in neonatal mice without causing acute apoptosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheng-Wei Lu, Tzu-Yu Lin, Tai-Long Pan, Pei-Wen Wang, Kuan-Ming Chiu, Ming-Yi Lee, Su-Jane Wang
Summary: Asiatic acid alleviates seizures and improves cognitive impairment in KA-treated rats by inhibiting calpain activation, increasing AKT activation, and enhancing synaptic and mitochondrial function.
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.