Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Perla Leal-Galicia, Maria Elena Chavez-Hernandez, Florencia Mata, Jesus Mata-Luevanos, Luis Miguel Rodriguez-Serrano, Alejandro Tapia-de-Jesus, Mario Humberto Buenrostro-Jauregui
Summary: The generation of new neurons in the adult brain is a well-accepted phenomenon that mainly occurs in the subventricular zone and the hippocampal dentate gyrus. These new neurons are generated through an asymmetric division process and contribute to the local circuitry with their unique properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yohei Shinmyo, Kengo Saito, Toshihide Hamabe-Horiike, Narufumi Kameya, Akitaka Ando, Kanji Kawasaki, Tung Anh Dinh Duong, Masataka Sakashita, Jureepon Roboon, Tsuyoshi Hattori, Takayuki Kannon, Kazuyoshi Hosomichi, Michal Slezak, Matthew G. Holt, Atsushi Tajima, Osamu Hori, Hiroshi Kawasaki
Summary: This study reveals the important role of localized astrogenesis in gyrus formation in the mammalian brain. The findings suggest that the positive feedback loop of FGF signaling is a crucial mechanism underlying cortical folding.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Dimo S. Stoyanov, Martin N. Ivanov, Tetsumori Yamashima, Anton B. Tonchev
Summary: The Zbtb20 gene is expressed in the adult primate anterior subventricular zone and rostral migratory stream, where it co-labels with neural stem cells, neuroblasts, and astrocytes. It has also been shown to be upregulated in response to ischemia, suggesting its involvement in neurogenesis. This research highlights the importance of ZBTB20 in mammalian cortical development and opens avenues for further functional studies in primates.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emanuela Paldino, Vincenza D'angelo, Mariangela Massaro Cenere, Ezia Guatteo, Simone Barattucci, Giorgia Migliorato, Nicola Berretta, Olaf Riess, Giuseppe Sancesario, Nicola Biagio Mercuri, Francesca Romana Fusco
Summary: This study used immunohistochemical studies to investigate neuropathological changes in a rat transgenic model of Parkinson's disease (PD). It found that in the advanced stages of the disease, there was neuronal loss in the dorsolateral part of the striatum, along with a dramatic loss of parvalbumin interneurons. A marked decrease in the neurotrophic factor called glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was also observed in the striatum and substantia nigra of these animals. This confirms the involvement of the striatum in PD pathophysiology and the importance of GDNF in maintaining the health of the substantia nigra.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Vignayanandam Ravindernath-Jayashree Muddapu, Karthik Vijayakumar, Keerthiga Ramakrishnan, V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy
Summary: Parkinson's disease is caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta, possibly linked to metabolic deficiency. L-DOPA treatment for PD may have toxic effects on neurons. A proposed computational model aims to investigate the mechanism behind neurodegeneration and offer insights for therapeutic development.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Mihai Ceanga, Mahmoud Dahab, Otto W. Witte, Silke Keiner
Summary: In the aftermath of a stroke, the brain undergoes various signaling cascades that reshape both the perilesional zone and more distant regions. Stroke leads to a significant increase in adult neurogenesis, offering hope for neurological recovery. However, there are significant regional differences in the effects of neurogenesis in the SVZ and SGZ post-stroke on functional recovery.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bok-Seok Kim, Taeik Jang, Sung-Eun Yoo, Jae Moon Lee, Eunhee Kim
Summary: The impairment of protein clearance mechanisms in dopaminergic neurons leads to the accumulation of alpha-synuclein, contributing to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1) was found to disrupt alpha-synuclein clearance through the autophagy-lysosome pathway, indicating a novel role as a negative regulator of autophagic alpha-synuclein clearance. This disturbance ultimately leads to alpha-synuclein accumulation and autophagy dysregulation in PD model mice.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziying Yu, Lishuang Huang, Yinyin Xia, Shuqun Cheng, Cantao Yang, Chengzhi Chen, Zhen Zou, Xiaoliang Wang, Xin Tian, Xuejun Jiang, Lixiao Zhou
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which m6A modification may play a role. By establishing a PD mouse model, researchers found abnormalities in m6A regulators in learning, memory, and motor functions, as well as significant loss of TH+ neurons in the substantia nigra and striatum.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Esther Gramage, Jorge Saiz, Rosalia Fernandez-Calle, Yasmina B. Martin, Maria Uribarri, Marcel Ferrer-Alcon, Coral Barbas, Gonzalo Herradon
Summary: This study found that overexpression of PTN has a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of Parkinson's Disease and identified potential lipid-related drug candidates for Parkinson's Disease.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lei Wang, Shengyu Li, Yu Jiang, Zijian Zhao, Yunjiao Shen, Junjie Zhang, Lei Zhao
Summary: Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum DP189 has a significant protective effect on the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease mice, improving behavioral abilities and increasing neurotransmitter levels.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bilal El Waly, Claire Bertet, Mathilde Paris, Marie Falque, Pierre Milpied, Karine Magalon, Myriam Cayre, Pascale Durbec
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the spontaneous fate conversion of neuronal progenitors in the adult mouse sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) after demyelinating insult. They found that the neuroblasts converted into oligodendrocytes that participate in the remyelination process. Through in vivo cell lineage and single cell RNA-sequencing, they demonstrated that the fate conversion proceeds through the formation of a non-proliferating transient cellular state expressing markers of both neuronal and oligodendrocyte identities. The conversion involves the stepwise upregulation/downregulation of key TFs and chromatin modifiers, as well as fine adjustments of transcription and translation machineries, metabolism, and migratory behaviors. This is the first in-depth analysis of a spontaneous cell fate conversion in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS).
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tushar Kamath, Evan Z. Macosko
Summary: Parkinson's disease is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Recent advances in genomic profiling have identified specific pathways and genetic variants involved in the susceptibility of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. This provides new opportunities for understanding and developing therapies for this complex disorder.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Merel Dagher, Katie A. Perrotta, Sara A. Erwin, Ayaka Hachisuka, Rahul Iyer, Sotiris C. Masmanidis, Hongyan Yang, Anne M. Andrews
Summary: Targeting neurons with light-driven opsins is a commonly used approach to study cell-specific responses. In this study, the activation of dopamine neurons resulted in the release of dopamine and serotonin in the striatum, suggesting a potential interaction between these two neurotransmitters.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marta Gonzalez-Sepulveda, Joan Compte, Thais Cuadros, Alba Nicolau, Camille Guillard-Sirieix, Nuria Penuelas, Marina Lorente-Picon, Annabelle Parent, Jordi Romero-Gimenez, Joana M. Cladera-Sastre, Ariadna Laguna, Miquel Vila
Summary: Neurons that accumulate the highest levels of neuromelanin with age are also the most susceptible to degeneration in Parkinson's disease. Using a neuromelanin-producing rat model, Gonzalez-Sepulveda, Compte et al. show that slowing down age-dependent neuromelanin production can help prevent Parkinson's disease-like features.
Article
Cell Biology
Jie Zhao, Manish Kumar, Jeevan Sharma, Zhihai Yuan
Summary: Arbutin may improve the performance of PD mouse models by inhibiting the function of the A(2A)R and enhancing the effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Bronwen Connor
Article
Neurosciences
Dian Shi, Joshua W. Chang, Jaimin Choi, Bronwen Connor, Simon J. O'carroll, Louise F. B. Nicholson, Joo Hyun Kim
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nikki Templeton, Bronwyn Kivell, Amy McCaughey-Chapman, Bronwen Connor, Anne Camille La Flamme
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Karan Govindpani, Laura G. McNamara, Nicholas R. Smith, Chitra Vinnakota, Henry J. Waldvogel, Richard L. M. Faull, Andrea Kwakowsky
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefano Patassini, Paul Begley, Jingshu Xu, Stephanie J. Church, Nina Kureishy, Suzanne J. Reid, Henry J. Waldvogel, Richard L. M. Faull, Russell G. Snell, Richard D. Unwin, Garth J. S. Cooper
Article
Immunology
Katharina Robichon, Vimal Patel, Bronwen Connor, Anne Camille La Flamme
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingshu Xu, Stefano Patassini, Paul Begley, Stephanie Church, Henry J. Waldvogel, Richard L. M. Faull, Richard D. Unwin, Garth J. S. Cooper
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mandana Hunter, Nicholas J. Demarais, Richard L. M. Faull, Angus C. Grey, Maurice A. Curtis
Summary: Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal disorder with no effective interventions. Research indicates lipidomic abnormalities in HD patients, with variations in the abundance of certain lipid species. These findings support further investigation into the potential role of lipidomic aberrations in HD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katharina Robichon, Sven Sondhauss, T. William Jordan, Robert A. Keyzers, Bronwen Connor, Anne C. La Flamme
Summary: This study investigated the tissue distribution and localization of clozapine in the brain using mass spectrometry techniques and found that clozapine was enriched in specific brain regions and significantly elevated in serum during EAE. Additionally, changes in dopamine receptor expression on brain-resident and infiltrating immune cells during EAE were observed, providing insights into how neuroinflammation alters the distribution and downstream effects of clozapine.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Y. Mukish Yelanchezian, Henry J. Waldvogel, Richard L. M. Faull, Andrea Kwakowsky
Summary: This review summarizes the research on the effects of caffeine on Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognition. Clinical studies suggest a neuroprotective effect of caffeine against dementia and possibly AD, but further research is needed for confirmation. Caffeine is considered a cognitive normalizer rather than an enhancer, and its neuroprotective effect may be influenced by gender. In vivo and in vitro studies provide robust evidence of caffeine's neuroprotective properties in AD animal models.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patricia Lam, Julia Newland, Richard L. M. Faull, Andrea Kwakowsky
Summary: Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders have a significant impact on both individuals and societies globally. Current therapies provide limited relief, leading to increased demand for alternative treatments. The dysfunction of the GABAergic signaling system, particularly the KCC2 and NKCC1 cation-chloride cotransporters, has been associated with disease progression, making them potential therapeutic targets. This review explores the pathophysiological role and therapeutic importance of KCC2 and NKCC1 in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ruth Monk, Kevin Lee, Kathryn S. Jones, Bronwen Connor
Summary: The study utilized chemically modified mRNA for direct reprogramming to generate HD induced neural precursor cells, which exhibited some HD characteristics including cells containing polyglutamine aggregates and showing impaired neuronal maturation. This model provides a platform for investigating impaired neuronal maturation in HD.
Article
Neurosciences
Thulani H. Palpagama, Melanie Sagniez, SooHyun Kim, Henry J. Waldvogel, Richard L. Faull, Andrea Kwakowsky
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
R. Playne, K. S. Jones, B. Connor
JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS & REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bronwen Connor, Erin Firmin, Amy McCaughey-Chapman, Ruth Monk, Kevin Lee, Sophie Liot, Johannes Geiger, Carsten Rudolph, Kathryn Jones
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.