Article
Biology
Lilya Andrianova, Steliana Yanakieva, Gabriella Margetts-Smith, Shivali Kohli, Erica S. Brady, John P. Aggleton, Michael T. Craig
Summary: The connectivity and interplay between the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus are important for cognitive processes, but the existence of a direct glutamatergic projection from the anterior cingulate cortex to the hippocampus has been questioned. In this study, multiple methods were used to validate a recent finding of this projection, but no evidence of such a projection was found.
Review
Neurosciences
Sophie K. Scott, Kyle Jasmin
Summary: This paper discusses the processing of sound in primate brains, proposing a general auditory processing framework that is supported by recent research findings.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chu-Chung Huang, Edmund T. Rolls, Chih-Chin Heather Hsu, Jianfeng Feng, Ching-Po Lin
Summary: The human hippocampus is crucial in encoding new memories and utilizes inputs from different streams to form episodic memories. Diffusion tractography has revealed extensive direct connections between the hippocampus and various cortical areas in humans, indicating a complex network that involves specialized computations for memory processing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaxia Xu, Lingzhen Song, Rebecca Kringel, Ileana L. Hanganu-Opatz
Summary: The study reveals that mice mimicking the dual genetic-environmental etiology of psychiatric risk exhibit poor lateral entorhinal cortex-dependent recognition memory in pre-juvenile age and abnormal communication within LEC-HP-PFC networks throughout development. These deficits are linked to decreased projections from LEC to CA1 and reduced efficiency of axonal terminals in activating hippocampal circuits in neonatal GE mice. The entorhinal-hippocampal circuit is impaired from neonatal age on in GE mice.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Villafranca-Faus, Manuel Esteban Vila-Martin, Daniel Esteve, Esteban Merino, Anna Teruel-Sanchis, Ana Cervera-Ferri, Joana Martinez-Ricos, Ana Lloret, Enrique Lanuza, Vicent Teruel-Marti
Summary: The study demonstrates the importance of incorporating vomeronasal signals into the hippocampal cognitive map for the learning of territorial spatial structures in mice, highlighting the critical role of such information in territorial behavior. Navigating a virtual environment induces synchronic activity between the vomeronasal amygdala and the dorsal CA1 of the hippocampus in mice, indicating the influence of vomeronasal information on hippocampal learning.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mathilda Froesel, Celine Cappe, Suliann Ben Hamed
Summary: This study focuses on the contribution of the pulvinar to multisensory integration, suggesting that the pulvinar combines multiple sources of sensory information to enhance fast responses to the environment and acts as a general regulation hub for adaptive and flexible cognition.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandro L. Wiesmann, Melissa L. -H. Vo
Summary: It typically only takes a single glance to categorize our environment into different scene categories, and object information has been suggested to play a crucial role in this process. In four behavioral experiments, participants were tasked with categorizing single-object real-world scene photographs, and the results showed that single objects can indeed be sufficient for correct scene categorization within 50 ms of object presentation. The frequency and specificity of the object for the target scene category were identified as the most important object properties for human scene categorization.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Qing Ma, Edmund T. Rolls, Chu-Chung Huang, Wei Cheng, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: This study analyzed the functional connectivity of the human hippocampal memory system and found complex connections between the hippocampus and other brain regions, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the operation of the human hippocampal memory system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao-Ping Liu, Xiaoqin Wang
Summary: Studies have found that there are differences in stimulus-encoding properties between subpopulations of cortical neurons. These differences are mainly reflected in phase-locking and response timing of different unit types (regular-spiking and bursting units). These differences may contribute to parallel and complementary neural codes.
Review
Neurosciences
Jordan DeKraker, Stefan Kohler, Ali R. Khan
Summary: This article discusses the application of surface-based methods in modeling hippocampal folding, allowing interindividual alignment in a 2D space, which helps in detailed morphological characterization and solving the problem of subfield segmentation.
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Nan Chen, Johanna K. Kostka, Sebastian H. Bitzenhofer, Ileana L. Hanganu-Opatz
Summary: The interplay between olfaction and higher cognitive processing in the adult brain is well-documented, but its development remains poorly understood. In this study on mice, early activity in the olfactory bulb (OB) was found to have a significant impact on the development and maturation of cognitive abilities. By temporarily silencing the synaptic outputs of mitral/tufted cells, researchers observed a long-lasting reduction of oscillatory coupling and weaker responsiveness to stimuli in the developing entorhinal-hippocampal circuits. This was accompanied by dendritic sparsification of LEC pyramidal neurons. The transient silencing also resulted in reduced performance on behavioral tests involving entorhinal-hippocampal circuits later in life. These findings highlight the critical role of neonatal OB activity in the functional development of entorhinal-hippocampal circuits and cognitive abilities.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Roy Moyal, Hamid B. Turker, Wen-Ming Luh, Khena M. Swallow
Summary: While dividing attention between two input streams usually impairs performance, detecting a behaviorally relevant stimulus can sometimes enhance the encoding of unrelated information presented simultaneously. This fMRI study found that auditory target detection increased activity in the ventral visual cortex, decreased activity in the hippocampus, and enhanced functional connectivity between these two regions. Additionally, multi-voxel pattern classification of image category was more accurate on target tone trials than on distractor and no tone trials, particularly in visual cortical clusters that showed stronger correlation with the hippocampus during target tone trials. Auditory target detection also resulted in increased activity in the locus coeruleus and pupil responses. These findings highlight a network of cortical and subcortical regions involved in selecting and processing behaviorally relevant information.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mohsen Parto Dezfouli, Philipp Schwedhelm, Michael Wibral, Stefan Treue, Mohammad Reza Daliri, Moein Esghaei
Summary: The study investigated visual feature binding across different dimensions using a novel stimulus configuration, demonstrating the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in this process and the dynamic modulation of low frequency inter-regional communication.
Article
Neurosciences
Jingyi Wang, Yohan John, Helen Barbas
Summary: The ACC is one of the few prefrontal areas that receives direct hippocampal terminations, potentially influencing goal-directed actions and emotional regulation. Hippocampal terminations mainly target the posterior A25 region, with strong excitatory effects on neurons. Additionally, the proximity of hippocampal terminations to D1 receptors in the deep layers of A25 may enhance dopamine effects on information transfer and emotional control.
Article
Neurosciences
Amarender R. Bogadhi, Leor N. Katz, Anil Bollimunta, David A. Leopold, Richard J. Krauzlis
Summary: Recent fMRI experiments have identified the floor of the superior temporal sulcus (fSTS) in the macaque temporal cortex as the primary cortical target of superior colliculus (SC) activity in relation to attention. The inactivation of SC decreases attentional modulations in fSTS neurons by increasing their activity for ignored stimuli and decreasing their activity for attended stimuli. Furthermore, SC inactivation leads to a reduction in the selectivity of fSTS neurons for particular visual objects.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Carmen Romo-Barrientos, Antonio Vinuela, Alicia Mohedano-Moriano, Isabel Ubeda-Banon, Daniel Saiz-Sanchez, Javier Aceituno-Gomez, Maria Jose Guzman Pavon, Miriam Lopez Crespo, Daniel Torres Martin, Alino Martinez-Marcos, Juan Jose Criado-Alvarez
Summary: This study investigated the attitudes and anxiety levels of physiotherapy students when facing their first prosection, finding that female students showed higher levels of trait and state anxiety compared to male students. The study suggests that coping mechanisms should be implemented to address the stressful responses provoked by the dissection experience, especially among female students.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Veronica Astillero-Lopez, Melania Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Sandra Villar-Conde, Alicia Flores-Cuadrado, Alino Martinez-Marcos, Isabel Ubeda-Banon, Daniel Saiz-Sanchez
Summary: This study investigated the involvement of neural and glial populations in the entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer's disease. The results showed neurodegeneration, microglial reduction, and astrogliosis, as well as the relationships between specific proteins and synaptic, neuroinflammatory, and oxidative stress processes.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pilar Marcos, Rafael Covenas
Summary: This article reviews the role of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in food intake control and discusses its relationship with other substances and potential strategies for treating obesity. It suggests that combination therapies are more effective than targeting a single pathway.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pilar Marcos, Rafael Covenas
Summary: Understanding the dysregulation of hypothalamic neuropeptides is crucial in studying feeding behavior and obesity. Current pharmacological strategies for obesity treatment are ineffective, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. This review focuses on the involvement of the orexinergic system in feeding behavior, discussing animal models, human studies, and the connection to other substances. Promising research on orexinergic signaling pathways, heterogeneity of hypothalamic orexinergic neurons, receptor-receptor interaction, and sex differences are highlighted. The development of combination therapies and more specific orexin receptor antagonists is important for successful anti-obesity treatments.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Belen Guzman-Garcia, Alicia Mohedano-Moriano, Jaime Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Jose Manuel Morales-Cano, Ricardo Campo-Linares, Cesar Lozano-Suarez, Tyrone Paul Estrada-alvarez, Ma Mar Romero-Fernandez, Esther Vanesa Aguilar-Galan, Juan Jose Criado-alvarez
Summary: This study demonstrates that lung ultrasound is a useful technique for triaging patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. With bilateral B-lines being the most frequent ultrasound finding, especially in the posterobasal region of the lungs, there was a statistically significant correlation between pathological positivity on lung ultrasound and PCR and chest X-ray positivity. The sensitivity of ultrasound and X-ray were 93% and 75% respectively.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Jose Terrado, Olga Gomez, Deborah Chicharro, Maria Garcia-Manzanares, Miriam Juarez, Carmen Romo-Barrientos, Alicia Mohedano-Moriano, Juan Jose Criado-Alvarez
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the emotions, feelings, and anxiety levels of veterinary students when using dog cadavers in practicals. The results showed that students felt more stressed before the practical, but their anxiety levels significantly decreased by the end of the session. Most students had positive responses to the emotions during the practicals and believed that watching educational videos can help decrease anxiety and enhance their learning experience.
ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Clara Maestre-Miquel, Francisco Martin-Rodriguez, Carlos Durantez-Fernandez, Jose L. Martin-Conty, Antonio Vinuela, Begona Polonio-Lopez, Carmen Romo-Barrientos, Juan Jose Criado-Alvarez, Francisca Torres-Falguera, Rosa Conty-Serrano, Cristina Jorge-Soto, Alicia Mohedano-Moriano
Summary: The aim of this study was to examine the attitudes, fears, and anxiety levels of nursing students during critical clinical simulations. The results showed gender differences in anxiety levels among nursing students.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Joaquin Gonzalez Fuentes, Sandra Cebada-Sanchez, Maria del Mar Arroyo-Jimenez, Monica Munoz-Lopez, Eloy Rivas-Infante, Guillermo Lozano, Francisco Mansilla, Francisca Cortes, Ricardo Insausti, Pilar Marcos
Summary: This study provides a protocol to identify hippocampal formation (HF) landmarks on MRI images and validates them through histological analysis. After histological validation, the longitudinal extent of the HF and the distances between landmarks were calculated. There were no significant differences in the total length or between landmarks.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Melania Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Sandra Villar-Conde, Veronica Astillero-Lopez, Patricia Villanueva-Anguita, Isabel Ubeda-Banon, Alicia Flores-Cuadrado, Alino Martinez-Marcos, Daniel Saiz-Sanchez
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of pathological amyloid-beta (A beta) and Tau proteins and can spread through brain regions via neural connections and glial cells. The amygdaloid complex (AC) is a hub for propagating pathology with early involvement in the disease, and proteomic analysis identified synaptic alterations and volume reduction in AD without neuronal loss. Astrocyte-mediated phagocytic microglial activation and the dual role of microglia are observed, suggesting their potential participation in the spreading of the disease. Proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD038322.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
M. Isabel Donoso Calero, Laura Mordillo-Mateos, Jose L. Martin-Conty, Begona Polonio-Lopez, Angel Lopez-Gonzalez, Carlos Durantez-Fernandez, Antonio Vinuela, Marta Rodriguez Hernandez, Alicia Mohedano-Moriano, Raul Lopez-Izquierdo, Cristina Jorge Soto, Francisco Martin-Rodriguez
Summary: This study compared the predictive ability of lactate, modified Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (mREMS), and mREMS plus lactate (mREMS-L) for 30-day in-hospital mortality. The results showed that mREMS-L had better predictive ability than mREMS and lactate separately.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria I. Donoso-Calero, Jose L. Martin Conty, Raul Lopez-Izquierdo, Ancor Sanz-Garcia, Michele Dileone, Begona Polonio-Lopez, Laura Mordillo-Mateos, Juan F. Delgado F. Benito, Carlos del Pozo Vegas, Alicia Mohedano-Moriano, Francisco Martin-Rodriguez
Summary: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with clinical impairment and cumulative in-hospital mortality in patients with prehospital seizures. The results showed that certain prehospital variables could reflect the clinical impairment and mortality of these patients, and incorporating these variables into prehospital decision-making process could improve patient outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Marta Rodriguez-Hernandez, Begona Polonio-Lopez, Ana-Isabel Corregidor-Sanchez, Jose L. Martin-Conty, Alicia Mohedano-Moriano, Juan-Jose Criado-Alvarez
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether conventional rehabilitation combined with specific virtual reality is more effective in restoring hand motor function and muscle tone after stroke compared to conventional therapy alone. The study design involved a prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial, with participants allocated to either the control group that received conventional rehabilitation or the experimental group that received a combination of conventional rehabilitation and virtual reality technology. The results showed that the combination therapy was more effective in improving hand motor function, voluntary movement, and muscle tone compared to conventional therapy alone.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Ricardo Insausti, Ana Maria Insausti, Monica Munoz Lopez, Isidro Medina Lorenzo, Maria del Mar Arroyo-Jimenez, Maria Pilar Marcos Rabal, Carlos de la Rosa-prieto, Jose Carlos Delgado-Gonzalez, Javier Monton Etxeberria, Sandra Cebada-Sanchez, Juan Francisco Raspeno-Garcia, Maria Mercedes Iniguez de Onzono, Francisco Javier Molina Romero, Ruth Benavides-Piccione, Silvia Tapia-Gonzalez, Laura E. M. Wisse, Sadhana Ravikumar, David A. Wolk, Javier DeFelipe, Paul Yushkevich, Emilio Artacho-Perula
Summary: We propose a method of human brain fixation using simultaneous perfusion of 4% paraformaldehyde and saline through the carotid system. This method allows for various histological procedures and high-resolution MRI scanning, with minimal deformation compared to conventional techniques. It is beneficial for both anatomical research and teaching purposes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonio Vinuela, Carlos Durantez-Fernandez, Oliva Cuesta Morillo, Clara Maestre-Miquel, Jose Luis Martin-Conty, Francisco Martin-Rodriguez, Begona Polonio-Lopez, Francisca Torres-Felguera, Alicia Mohedano-Moriano
Summary: This study found that there is an increase in body mass index (BMI) among adolescents during Christmas vacation, with the greatest increase during the summer. Changes in weight, BMI, and waist circumference were evaluated in relation to adherence to the Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet. The results showed that students gained a significant amount of weight during the holidays, especially those who followed a high-fat diet.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pilar Marcos, Rafael Covenas
Summary: Peptides play a role in tumor cell mitogenesis and migration, with overexpression of peptide receptors in cancer cells. This review discusses the involvement of the orexinergic system in thirteen cancer types, showing its upregulation in many tumors and its dual effect on apoptosis and proliferation. OXR antagonists or agonists have potential as antitumor agents. The review also explores the complexities of the orexigenic system and its potential therapeutic applications, including dimerization/oligomerization of OXRs, epigenetic mechanisms, biomarkers, combination therapy, and anti-inflammatory effects mediated by orexins.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.