Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malgorzata Zaremba, Pawel Serafin, Patrycja Kleczkowska
Summary: Psychosis refers to symptoms that cause serious disorganization of behavior, thinking, and perception of reality. The antitussive drug dextromethorphan (DXM) has gained attention for its potential to induce psychosis. DXM is commonly abused for its euphoric, hallucinogenic, and dissociative effects. Currently, DXM is a legally marketed cough suppressant that is not classified as a controlled substance. The management of DXM-related psychosis depends on the type of symptoms, and atypical antipsychotic drugs are considered the preferred treatment option due to their efficacy and safety profile.
Article
Neurosciences
Marlee M. Vandewouw, Benjamin T. Dunkley, Jason P. Lerch, Evdokia Anagnostou, Margot J. Taylor
Summary: Examining the brain at rest using Inscapes reduces head motion and shows stable effects in clinical populations like autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Movie paradigms induce changes in local neural activity and functional connectivity in resting-state networks.
Article
Neurosciences
Chiara C. Bortolasci, Emily J. Jaehne, Damian Hernandez, Briana Spolding, Timothy Connor, Bruna Panizzutti, Olivia M. Dean, Tamsyn M. Crowley, Alison R. Yung, Laura Gray, Jee Hyun Kim, Maarten van den Buuse, Michael Berk, Ken Walder
Summary: Novel approaches combining in vitro transcriptomics and in silico analysis were used to identify drugs that can be repurposed to treat psychiatric disorders. The study identified metergoline as a potential treatment for schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders, and demonstrated its efficacy in reducing locomotor hyperactivity in mice.
NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Bodyl A. Brand, Yudith R. A. Haveman, Franciska de Beer, Janna N. de Boer, Paola Dazzan, Iris E. C. Sommer
Summary: There are significant differences between men and women in the efficacy and tolerability of antipsychotic drugs. Women have slower drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion, leading to higher plasma levels and increased risk for side-effects. Current treatment guidelines are based on studies predominantly conducted in men, which may result in overmedication of women. Women also have higher dopamine receptor occupancy compared to men, necessitating dose adjustments at different hormonal phases.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Aditi Kadakia, Carole Dembek, Vincent Heller, Rajpal Singh, Jennifer Uyei, Katsuhiko Hagi, Tadashi Nosaka, Antony Loebel
Summary: This NMA in adults with bipolar depression compared the efficacy and tolerability of AAP monotherapy. Lurasidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine showed the largest improvement in depressive symptoms compared to placebo, while cariprazine had a smaller treatment effect. Aripiprazole and ziprasidone were ineffective for treating bipolar depression. Lurasidone had a larger improvement in CGI-BP-S score compared to cariprazine and ziprasidone, but similar to quetiapine and olanzapine. Lurasidone and aripiprazole had similar weight gain compared to placebo based on short term studies.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Kandice J. Varcin, Sarah E. Herniman, Ashleigh Lin, Yanyu Chen, Yael Perry, Charlotte Pugh, Katharine Chisholm, Andrew J. O. Whitehouse, Stephen J. Wood
Summary: Evidence suggests that adults with autism spectrum disorder have higher rates of co-occurring psychosis and bipolar disorder. Males with autism have an increased risk of psychosis, while females have a higher risk of bipolar disorder. Ongoing assessment and monitoring of these disorders in adults with autism is necessary.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Beatriz Corte-Real, Rodrigo Saraiva, Catarina Rodrigues Cordeiro, Benicio N. Frey, Flavio Kapczinski, Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether atypical antipsychotics (AA) can induce mania in mood disorders. A systematic review and meta-analysis showed that AA-induced mania is rare and the use of AA is more effective in preventing the development of mania compared to placebo.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Bram W. C. Storosum, Taina Mattila, Tamar D. Wohlfarth, Christine C. Gispen-de Wied, Kit C. B. Roes, Wim van den Brink, Lieuwe de Haan, Damiaan A. J. P. Denys, Jasper B. Zantvoord
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether gender and menopausal status have an impact on the response to antipsychotic medication in patients with schizophrenia. The results showed that women had a greater reduction in symptoms compared to men, indicating a higher response to treatment in females.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Akiah Ottesen, W. T. Hegelstad, Inge Joa, Stein E. Opjordsmoen, Bjorn Rishovd Rund, Jan Ivar Rossberg, Erik Simonsen, Jan Olav Johannessen, Tor K. Larsen, Ulrik Helt Haahr, Thomas H. McGlashan, Svein Friis, Ingrid Melle
Summary: This longitudinal study compares symptom trajectories and remission in first-episode psychosis (FEP) with and without a history of childhood interpersonal trauma (CIT) over the first 2 years of treatment. The results indicate that antipsychotic medication is equally beneficial in achieving symptomatic remission, regardless of CIT. However, FEP patients with CIT experience more severe positive, depressive, and excited symptoms throughout the disease.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thanh Phuong Pham Nguyen, Dylan Thibault, Ali G. Hamedani, Daniel Weintraub, Allison W. Willis
Summary: The study found that among PD patients using AAPs, categorizing antipsychotic drugs based on mechanism of action did not differentiate the all-cause mortality risk of different drugs, indicating a need for further research on the efficacy, morbidity, and mortality associated with psychosis itself of AAPs.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Gabriele Mandarelli, Felice Carabellese, Guido Di Sciascio, Roberto Catanesi
Summary: In forensic psychiatric patient populations with high social dangerousness, the use of antipsychotic polypharmacy and high-dose antipsychotics is common. Male gender, long-acting injectable antipsychotic prescription, and aggressive behavior are associated with these therapeutic regimens.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Julio Vaquerizo-Serrano, Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Jatinder Singh, Paramala Santosh
Summary: Psychotic experiences can occur in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), with some meeting the criteria for Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P). A meta-analysis found that 11.6% of individuals with CHR-P also have an ASD diagnosis, suggesting a potential overlap in symptoms. Transition from CHR-P to psychosis does not seem to be affected by the presence of ASD.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Venla Lehti, Heidi Taipale, Mika Gissler, Antti Tanskanen, Martta Elonheimo, Jari Tiihonen, Jaana Suvisaari
Summary: Higher incidence of psychotic disorders and underuse of mental health services have been reported among many migrant populations. This study found that migrants with a psychotic disorder are less likely to continue antipsychotic treatment than non-migrants. The risk of discontinuation was highest among migrants from North Africa and the Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa and among recent migrants. Non-use of antipsychotic treatment before being diagnosed with psychosis, involuntary hospitalization and diagnosis other than schizophrenia were associated with earlier discontinuation both among migrants and non-migrants.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rohit Singh, Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti, Upinder Kaur
Summary: The study highlights the atypical manifestation of antipsychotic-associated Rabbit syndrome in the presence of a serotonergic antidepressant. The syndrome is characterized by vertical rhythmic movements of the perioral region, has a late onset, and typically spares the tongue.
DARU-JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mattia Marchi, Giacomo Galli, Federica Maria Magarini, Giorgio Mattei, Gian Maria Galeazzi
Summary: The meta-analysis found that sarcosine as an add-on treatment for schizophrenia may show certain effectiveness in patients with chronic and non-refractory schizophrenia, especially after a 6-week treatment period.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG METABOLISM & TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Priscilla P. Oomen, Marieke J. H. Begemann, Bodyl A. Brand, Lieuwe de Haan, Wim Veling, Sanne Koops, Jim van Os, Filip Smit, P. Roberto Bakker, Nico van Beveren, Nynke Boonstra, Sinan Guloksuz, Martijn Kikkert, Joran Lokkerbol, Machteld Marcelis, Bram-Sieben Rosema, Franciska de Beer, Shiral S. Gangadin, Chris N. W. Geraets, Erna van't Hag, Yudith Haveman, Inge van der Heijden, Alban E. Voppel, Elske Willemse, Therese van Amelsvoort, Maarten Bak, Albert Batalla, Agaath Been, Marinte van den Bosch, Truus van den Brink, Gunnar Faber, Koen P. Grootens, Martin de Jonge, Rikus Knegtering, Jorg Kurkamp, Amrita Mahabir, Gerdina H. M. Pijnenborg, Tonnie Staring, Natalie Veen, Selene Veerman, Sybren Wiersma, Ellen Graveland, Joelle Hoornaar, Iris E. C. Sommer
Summary: This study identified three distinct cognitive subgroups in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and found that patients with severely impaired cognition had more severe clinical symptoms and lower general functioning compared to patients with preserved cognition. However, there were no significant differences in self-reported functional outcomes. Early identification of cognitive profiles can offer valuable information about clinical outcomes.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kenneth Hugdahl, Alexander R. Craven, Erik Johnsen, Lars Ersland, Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Sevdalina Kandilarova, Lydia Brunvoll Sandoy, Rune A. Kroken, Else-Marie Loberg, Iris E. Sommer
Summary: This study used fMRI to investigate brain activation in individuals who experienced multiple AVH episodes. The results showed that there was a significant increase in activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) a few seconds before the start of an episode and a corresponding decrease in activation a few seconds before the end of an episode.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Soon Hyeong So, Sae Jin Sung, Seung Jae Yang, Chong Rae Park
Summary: This paper discusses the potential of hydrogen as an alternative energy resource and the challenges in hydrogen storage. It highlights the need for research on the underlying parameters that govern the interaction between hydrogen and adsorbents to develop high-performance hydrogen storage materials that meet energy targets.
ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Alban E. Voppel, Janna N. de Boer, Sanne G. Brederoo, Hugo G. Schnack, Iris E. C. Sommer
Summary: The study found that both acoustic and semantic analyses of speech achieved similar accuracy in classifying schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. However, combining features from both domains significantly improved classification performance.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Iris E. Sommer, Bodyl A. Brand, Shiral Gangadin, Antti Tanskanen, Jari Tiihonen, Heidi Taipale
Summary: Women with schizophrenia have a higher risk of hospitalization for psychosis compared to men, especially after the age of 45. The effectiveness of antipsychotic medications also declines in women after this age. This highlights the importance of providing special attention and care to older women with schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Hans W. Jeuring, Emile D'Angremont, Joey M. H. Tol, Arne J. Risselada, Iris E. C. Sommer, Richard C. Oude Voshaar
Summary: The chronicity of depressive disorders is a major problem. Dopamine stimulating agents (DSA) have potential in depression management, particularly in older adults. However, more evidence is needed to support their use. A systematic review and meta-analysis found that DSA can reduce depressive symptoms, but publication bias and weak treatment effects were observed. Well-designed high-quality trials are needed before incorporating DSA into future depression treatment protocols.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jenny Borkent, Magdalini Ioannou, Tessa S. Folkertsma, Klaas J. Wardenaar, Bartholomeus C. M. Haarman, Harry van Goor, Iris E. C. Sommer, Arno R. Bourgonje
Summary: Recent research has shown that levels of serum free thiols (R-SH) are reduced in patients with recently diagnosed schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) compared to healthy controls (HC), and are negatively correlated with the inflammatory marker CRP and age. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of R-SH in SSD.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Arij Yehya, Salma M. Khaled, Iris E. C. Sommer, Saba F. Elhag, Mohamed H. M. O. Hassan, Peter Woodruff, Majid Alabdalla
Summary: This study tested the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the QPE and found that it accurately measured the experiences of patients. The authors suggest using the QPE to describe the phenomenology of PEs in Arabic speaking communities.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julia Van der A, Jesca E. De Jager, Edwin van Dellen, Rene C. W. Mandl, Metten Somers, Marco P. M. Boks, Iris E. C. Sommer, Jasper O. Nuninga
Summary: This study investigated the association between hippocampal structural changes and cognitive decline after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with major depression. The results showed that volume increase in hippocampal subfields, as well as changes in perfusion and diffusion, were correlated with decreases in cognitive functioning. Due to methodological restrictions, neuroplasticity was indirectly measured using MRI. Therefore, the study suggests that neuroplastic processes may affect cognitive processes after ECT.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Eric J. Tan, Iris E. C. Sommer, Lena Palaniyappan
Summary: This special issue of DISCOURSE in Psychosis explores the significance of language in psychosis, such as the connection between formal thought disorder and conceptual disorganization, and the neural mechanisms responsible for these features. It also discusses the use of computational techniques to study language in psychosis, as well as the potential for utilizing speech and language data for digital phenotyping in psychiatry.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Hugo Corona Hernandez, Cheryl Corcoran, Amelie M. Achim, Janna N. de Boer, Tessel Boerma, Sanne G. Brederoo, Guillermo A. Cecchi, Silvia Ciampelli, Brita Elvevag, Riccardo Fusaroli, Silvia Giordano, Mathias Hauglid, Arjan van Hessen, Wolfram Hinzen, Philipp Homan, Sybren F. de Kloet, Sanne Koops, Gina R. Kuperberg, Kritika Maheshwari, Natalia B. Mota, Alberto Parola, Roberta Rocca, Iris E. C. Sommer, Khiet Truong, Alban E. Voppel, Marieke van Vugt, Frank Wijnen, Lena Palaniyappan
Summary: This workshop summary discusses the application of natural language processing (NLP) markers in psychosis and other psychiatric disorders. It highlights the importance of understanding the underlying mechanisms of these disorders for the optimal development of NLP markers. The challenges of implementing NLP marker-based Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs) in psychiatric practice, particularly in relation to psychosis, are also identified.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Andre Aleman, Iris E. C. Sommer
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Elias Wagner, Dan Siskind, Peter Falkai, Oliver Howes, Christoph Correll, Jimmy Lee, William G. Honer, John M. Kane, Emilio Fernandez-Egea, Thomas R. E. Barnes, Alkomiet Hasan
Summary: This study conducted an online Delphi survey to develop consensus recommendations for the optimization of clozapine monotherapy. The recommendations include specific treatment options for certain symptoms and management of side effects. The study results provide guidance for clinical decision-making and future research in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Caitlyn Kruiper, Iris E. C. Sommer, Michiel Koster, P. Roberto Bakker, Sarah Durston, Bob Oranje
Summary: This study investigated the potential benefits of augmenting antipsychotic medication with the noradrenergic alpha 2-agonist clonidine in schizophrenia patients. The results showed that only the clonidine-treated patients experienced significant improvements in symptom severity and sensorimotor gating compared to the placebo group. These findings suggest that augmentation with clonidine could be a promising and cost-effective treatment strategy for schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Toon Anton Willem Scheurink, Jenny Borkent, Shiral S. Gangadin, Sahar El Aidy, Rene Mandl, Iris E. C. Sommer
Summary: This study investigates the effects of bacterial translocation on brain volumes and cognition. The findings indicate a negative association between bacterial translocation markers and hippocampal volume in healthy controls. Furthermore, cognitive functioning in the healthy controls is indirectly affected by bacterial translocation, mediated by intracranial volume. However, these associations are less prominent in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
