Article
Cell Biology
Zhimin Qi, Huihui Ji, Monika Le, Hanmei Li, Angela Wieland, Sonja Bauer, Li Liu, Michael Wink, Ingrid Herr
Summary: Sulforaphane extends the lifespan of C. elegans by modulating the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway, promoting healthspan by increasing mobility and appetite while reducing lipofuscin accumulation.
Article
Cell Biology
Charline Roy, Laurent Molin, Allan Alcolei, Mathilde Solyga, Benjamin Bonneau, Camille Vachon, Jean-Louis Bessereau, Florence Solari
Summary: DAF-2/IIRc plays a role in the relationship between longevity and motility; inactivation of DAF-2/IIRc in neurons or intestine extends the lifespan of C. elegans; the motility pattern of daf-2 mutants is determined by the sequential and opposing impact of neurons and muscle tissues.
Article
Immunology
Yi Xiao, Li Zhang, Xinting Zhu, Ying Qin, Changyan Yu, Nian Jiang, Sanhua Li, Fang Liu, Yun Liu
Summary: The DAF-2/DAF-16 insulin-like signaling pathway regulates various aspects of organismal physiology and is conserved throughout evolution. Luteolin, a flavone found in many plants and vegetables, has been shown to have anti-tumor, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. This study found that luteolin increased resistance to both Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens in a dose-dependent manner and promoted host immune response. Furthermore, it was discovered that luteolin activated the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor and promoted innate immunity through the DAF-2/DAF-16 insulin-like signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengting Wu, Huihui Jiang, Qian Li, Yunhe Liu, Hongjun Zhang, Xuekun Li, Zhiyong Shao
Summary: This study discovered that the nutrient sensor OGT-1 regulates synaptic development in neurons, while the insulin receptor DAF-2 plays an upstream regulatory role in this process. The study revealed a novel mechanism for synaptic development and provided a potential link between synaptic development and insulin-related neurological disorders.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eman A. E. Farrag, Maha O. Hammad, Sally M. Safwat, Shereen Hamed, Doaa Hellal
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder, and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) develops in about two-thirds of diabetic patients, posing a significant threat to their lives. Hyperglycemia and the AGE-RAGE/HMGB-1 molecular pathway are considered crucial factors. Recent research has focused on the potential of artemisinin (ART) to address DCM through modulation of this pathway. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ART on DCM and its underlying mechanisms.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Jose Esteban-Collado, Montserrat Corominas, Florenci Serras
Summary: The study showed that in Drosophila wing, PI3K Akt signaling is crucial for Ask1 to activate p38, but not JNK. Nutrient restriction or mutations targeting specific residues of Drosophila Ask1 protein can block regeneration, which can be reversed by ectopic activation of p38.
Article
Toxicology
Churaibhon Wisessaowapak, Piyajit Watcharasit, Jutamaad Satayavivad
Summary: Arsenic impairs neuronal insulin signaling by reducing IR autophosphorylation, increasing free PI3K-p85 levels, and inhibiting PI3K activity.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bei Yang, Li Yuan, Wei Zhang, Quancai Sun, Ruichang Gao
Summary: The study found that KIWHHTF can improve insulin resistance through the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and it can also affect the levels of metabolites, among which UDP-GlcNAc, DGA and 1-methyladenosine are potential biomarkers for IR.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ming-Huan Zhu, Zhen-Jing Liu, Qiong-Yue Hu, Jia-Yu Yang, Ying Jin, Na Zhu, Ying Huang, Dian-Hong Shi, Min-Jia Liu, Hong-Yang Tan, Lei Zhao, Qin-Yu Lv, Zheng-Hui Yi, Feng-Chun Wu, Ze-Zhi Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of amisulpride augmentation therapy in treating patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. The results showed that amisulpride augmentation therapy improved psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function with tolerability and safety.
MILITARY MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Radha Mukherjee, Kiran G. Vanaja, Jacob A. Boyer, Sunyana Gadal, Hilla Solomon, Sarat Chandarlapaty, Andre Levchenko, Neal Rosen
Summary: The PI3K pathway regulates cell metabolism, proliferation, and migration, and dysregulation of this pathway is common in cancer. Physiologic and oncogenic activation of PI3K signaling both lead to increased expression of the negative regulator PTEN, limiting signal duration and pathway output. However, inhibition of the pathway reduces PTEN levels, contributing to pathway rebound in tumors treated with PI3K inhibitors.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chun Ming How, Ting-An Lin, Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
Summary: Chronic early-life exposure to DEHP worsens age-related decline in LTAM in C. elegans, with the effect being associated with CRH-1 and IIS signaling pathways.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mohammad Amjad Hossain, Aravinthan Adithan, Md Jahangir Alam, Spandana Rajendra Kopalli, Bumseok Kim, Chang-Won Kang, Ki-Chul Hwang, Jong-Hoon Kim
Summary: The study investigated the potential effects of IGF-1 on IL-10-induced apoptosis in rabbit chondrocytes and in a rabbit knee OA model. The results showed that IGF-1 protected against OA pathogenesis by inhibiting NF-Kappa B signaling and preventing apoptosis, as well as promoting the formation of hyaline cartilage.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qian Wang, Chenqi Tao, Abdul Hannan, Sungtae Yoon, Xuanyu Min, John Peregrin, Xiuxia Qu, Hongge Li, Honglian Yu, Jean Zhao, Xin Zhang
Summary: The patterning of epithelial buds in lacrimal gland development is determined by the interplay between PI3K, Ras, and ERK signaling pathways. PI3K is activated by both IGF and FGF signaling, and also promotes ERK signaling through direct interaction with Ras. Inhibition of EGF signaling is essential for induction of lacrimal gland buds, and the cross-talk among FGF, IGF, and EGF signaling is mediated by PI3K, MAPK, and mTOR.
Article
Cell Biology
Aleksandra Zecic, Ineke Dhondt, Bart P. Braeckman
Summary: This study reveals that activation of a dauer-associated genetic program in the C. elegans insulin/IGF-1 daf-2(e1370) mutant leads to glycogen accumulation and upregulation of glycogen synthase, GSY-1. Accumulated glycogen acts as a protection against hyperosmotic stress and serves as an important energy source during starvation. Additionally, LEA-1 contributes to increased resistance of daf-2 mutants to heat, osmotic, and UV stress. These findings suggest that longevity and stress resistance can be uncoupled in IIS longevity mutants.
Article
Psychiatry
Laura Orsolini, Silvia Bellagamba, Virginio Salvi, Umberto Volpe
Summary: This article describes a 20-year-old patient with clozapine-resistant schizophrenia and comorbid cannabinoid use disorder, who was successfully treated with a combination of clozapine and brexpiprazole, and later switched to clozapine with long-acting injectable aripiprazole.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Carl M. Sellgren, Jessica Gracias, Bradley Watmuff, Jonathan D. Biag, Jessica M. Thanos, Paul B. Whittredge, Ting Fu, Kathleen Worringer, Hannah E. Brown, Jennifer Wang, Ajamete Kaykas, Rakesh Karmacharya, Carleton P. Goold, Steven D. Sheridan, Roy H. Perlis
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonathan Iaconelli, Lucius Xuan, Rakesh Karmacharya
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Psychiatry
Annie Kathuria, Kara Lopez-Lengowski, Bradley Watmuff, Donna McPhie, Bruce M. Cohen, Rakesh Karmacharya
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2019)
Article
Psychiatry
Philip B. Cawkwell, Kirsten W. Bolton, Rakesh Karmacharya, Dost ongur, Ann K. Shinn
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Annie Kathuria, Kara Lopez-Lengowski, Magdalena Vater, Donna McPhie, Bruce M. Cohen, Rakesh Karmacharya
Article
Psychiatry
Annie Kathuria, Kara Lopez-Lengowski, Smita S. Jagtap, Donna McPhie, Roy H. Perlis, Bruce M. Cohen, Rakesh Karmacharya
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen J. Haggarty, Rakesh Karmacharya, Roy H. Perlis
Summary: Bipolar disorder presents a significant unmet medical need, with challenges in effective treatment and prevention. Despite more than 50 years since the introduction of lithium, understanding of its mechanisms and the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder remains limited, hindering the development of new treatments. Progress has been made in understanding the genetic complexity of bipolar disorder, but effective treatments for acute bipolar depression are still lacking. New therapeutic strategies based on defined molecular mechanisms and neural circuits may offer promise for improving the treatment of bipolar disorder.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Talia R. Cohen, Christin A. Mujica, Margaret E. Gardner, Melissa Hwang, Rakesh Karmacharya
HARVARD REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Annie Kathuria, Kara Lopez-Lengowski, Bradley Watmuff, Rakesh Karmacharya
STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sovannarath Pong, Paulo Lizano, Rakesh Karmacharya
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2020)
Review
Psychiatry
Zuzanna Zajkowska, Annabel Walsh, Valentina Zonca, Nancy Gullett, Gloria A. Pedersen, Christian Kieling, Johnna R. Swartz, Rakesh Karmacharya, Helen L. Fisher, Brandon A. Kohrt, Valeria Mondelli
Summary: The study found that increased inflammation, telomere length, and brain abnormalities were associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) in the context of early life adversity. However, there is limited evidence suggesting that neurobiological changes related to recent life stress are associated with MDD.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kara Lopez-Lengowski, Annie Kathuria, Kaia Gerlovin, Rakesh Karmacharya
Summary: The ability to generate microglia from human induced pluripotent stem cells provides new avenues for investigating microglia in health and disease. Co-culturing iPSC-derived microglia with cortical neurons allows for the study of their interactions and potential dysregulation in neuropsychiatric disorders. This approach offers a new way to explore the effects of microglia on cortical neurons.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Christian Kieling, Claudia Buchweitz, Arthur Caye, Pedro Manfro, Rivka Pereira, Anna Viduani, Mauricio Anes, Lucas Battel, Silvia Benetti, Helen L. Fisher, Rakesh Karmacharya, Brandon A. Kohrt, Thais Martini, Sandra Petresco, Jader Piccin, Thiago Rocha, Luis Augusto Rohde, Fernanda Rohrsetzer, Laila Souza, Bruna Velazquez, Annabel Walsh, Leehyun Yoon, Zuzanna Zajkowska, Valentina Zonca, Johnna R. Swartz, Valeria Mondelli
Summary: This study aimed to stratify risk for developing depression in adolescents using a composite risk score. By recruiting a cohort enriched for low and high depression risk, as well as adolescents with untreated major depressive episode, the study examined multiple neurobiological, psychological, and environmental measures related to depression risk. Results showed that individuals at high risk for depression exhibited worse indicators in psychopathology and exposure to negative events compared to low-risk individuals.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Annie Kathuria, Kara Lopez-Lengowski, Joshua L. Roffman, Rakesh Karmacharya
Summary: Translational evidence suggests that cytokines involved in maternal immune activation can harm fetal brain and increase the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. This study differentiated human pluripotent stem cells to cortical neurons and exposed them to interleukin-6 (IL-6) or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The findings show that IL-6 affects gene expression related to extracellular matrix, actin cytoskeleton, and TGF-beta signaling, while IFN-gamma affects genes related to antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex, and endoplasmic reticulum biology. Mitochondrial respiration and dendritic spine density were also influenced by these cytokines, but pre-treatment with folic acid mitigated their effects.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Gloria A. Pedersen, Zuzanna Zajkowska, Christian Kieling, Kamal Gautam, Valeria Mondelli, Helen L. Fisher, Johnna R. Swartz, Abiodun Adewuya, Rakesh Karmacharya, Brandon A. Kohrt
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2019)