Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rongxiang Tang, Jeremy A. Elman, Carol E. Franz, Anders M. Dale, Lisa T. Eyler, Christine Fennema-Notestine, Donald J. Hagler, Michael J. Lyons, Matthew S. Panizzon, Olivia K. Puckett, William S. Kremen
Summary: The study investigates how structural brain networks influence changes in executive function with age, finding that higher modal controllability is associated with better executive function. This suggests that changes in structural networks may be a key neural mechanism underlying aging-related declines in executive function.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Vivian Castillo de Lima, Luz Albany Arcila Castano, Ricardo Aurelio Carvalho Sampaio, Priscila Yukari Sewo Sampaio, Camila Vieira Ligo Teixeira, Marco Carlos Uchida
Summary: Agility training is essential for improving neuromuscular performance and balance in older adults. This study examined the physical and cognitive effects of an agility ladder training program on healthy older adults. The results showed that only the group that received cognitive training alongside agility training showed improvements in cognitive function, while the group that only performed agility training saw improvements in physical performance.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lisanne F. Ten Brinke, Chun Liang Hsu, Kirk Erickson, Todd C. Handy, Teresa Liu-Ambrose
Summary: Evidence suggests that CCT may improve executive functions by decreasing the correlation between the default mode network (DMN) and fronto-parietal network (FPN). Compared to BAT, independent CCT also significantly reduced the correlation between certain brain regions.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Zhongquan Du, Jingjing Li, Jiaai Huang, Jing Ma, Xiaoyu Xu, Rong Zou, Xia Xu
Summary: The study found that EF interventions may not directly affect weight loss, but baseline inhibition and delay discounting significantly predict future weight loss through obesity intervention. Age moderates the relationship between working memory and weight loss through intervention, and early-life inhibition marginally predicts future weight loss.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yu-Ling Chang, Yi-Yuan Zhuo, Di-Hua Luo
Summary: This study investigated the impact of APOE ε4 on executive functions in late adulthood, finding that high educational attainment can mitigate the negative effects of ε4 on inhibition, and education has a main effect on the reasoning component.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel E. Gustavson, Amy J. Jak, Jeremy A. Elman, Matthew S. Panizzon, Carol E. Franz, Katherine A. Gifford, Chandra A. Reynolds, Rosemary Toomey, Michael J. Lyons, William S. Kremen
Summary: Research suggests that continuous subjective cognitive decline (SCD) scores are correlated with prior objective cognitive changes in non-demented individuals, though this association appears to be driven by individuals with current mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, participants' current depression and anxiety ratings tend to be strongly associated with their SCD ratings. Thus, the primary factors driving SCD ratings remain unclear.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Joseph A. Araujo, Sergi Segarra, Jessica Mendes, Andrea Paradis, Melissa Brooks, Sandy Thevarkunnel, Norton W. Milgram
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of a novel lipid extract containing porcine brain-derived sphingolipids (Biosfeen(R)) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in attenuating cognitive deficits in aged Beagles. The results showed significant improvement in working memory, spatial recognition, and executive function in the group receiving the supplement compared to the placebo group. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) also revealed an increase in frontal lobe glutamate and glutamine levels in the treatment group. These findings suggest that the lipid extract may be beneficial for counteracting age-dependent cognitive deficits in Beagle dogs.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hongyi Zhao, Liyi Chi, Yanhai Zhang, Yonghua Huang, Hongyan Tian
Summary: The study found that, compared to healthy controls, severe SVD patients showed significantly worse performance in both allocentric and egocentric spatial navigation, while non-severe SVD patients exhibited cognitive deficits in spatial navigation. There was a statistical difference in allocentric navigation abilities among groups, but not in egocentric navigation. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between allocentric navigation deficit and performance on TMT-B and VFT in elderly SVD patients, suggesting spatial navigation ability may reflect cognitive deficits in this population.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Andreas Chadjikyprianou, Marilena Hadjivassiliou, Savvas Papacostas, Fofi Constantinidou
Summary: This study investigated the effects of normal cognitive aging on executive functions and verbal episodic memory in the old Greek Cypriots. It found that education level was predictive of verbal episodic memory and executive function performance.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marianne Khalil, Philippine Hollander, Delphine Raucher-Chene, Martin Lepage, Katie M. Lavigne
Summary: Schizophrenia is characterized by cognitive impairments and structural brain abnormalities. Research suggests significant associations between brain structure and cognition, potentially following a functional network architecture.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Narueporn Likhitweerawong, Orawan Louthrenoo, Nonglak Boonchooduang, Hathaipohn Tangwijitsakul, Manit Srisurapanont
Summary: This study examines the predictability between child weight status and executive function, revealing a bidirectional relationship. These findings have potential benefits for implementation in childcare systems.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Liliana G. Ciobanu, Lazar Stankov, Muktar Ahmed, Andrew Heathcote, Scott Richard Clark, Eugene Aidman
Summary: This study utilizes the UK Biobank cognitive assessment data to develop a three-factor model to characterize the underlying structure of cognitive abilities. The study argues that this model provides a more representative solution than traditional intelligence scores and can be applied to studying the relationship between different cognitive functions and health outcomes as well as further examining their biological underpinnings.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Mirjam Stieger, Margie E. Lachman
Summary: Increasing cognitive activity is important for reducing declines in executive functioning, especially among individuals with lower educational attainment.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hannah Park, Courtney Aul, Joseph DeGutis, On-Yee Lo, Victoria N. Poole, Regina McGlinchey, Jonathan F. Bean, Elizabeth Leritz, Michael Esterman
Summary: Research indicates that sustained attention may have unique sensitivity and mechanistic links to mobility limitations in older adults.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Aishwarya Rajesh, Richard Betzel, Ana M. Daugherty, Tony Noice, Helga Noice, Pauline L. Baniqued, Michelle W. Voss, Arthur F. Kramer
Summary: This study investigates the changes in brain modularity and executive function in older adults, and tests the effectiveness of a 4-week theater-based acting intervention. The results show that older adults who participated in the acting intervention exhibited improvements in brain modularity and updating, which have significant benefits for daily functioning and learning.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)