Article
Biology
Yana Fandakova, Elliott G. Johnson, Simona Ghetti
Summary: Accurate memories are often associated with vivid experiences of recollection. However, the neural mechanisms underlying subjective recollection and their unique role in decision making beyond accuracy have received limited attention. This study revealed a dissociation between subjective recollection and accuracy, with different brain regions associated with each aspect, and highlighted the importance of flexible evaluation of memory evidence in decision making.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Saana M. Korkki, Franziska R. Richter, Helena M. Gellersen, Jon S. Simons
Summary: Decreased fidelity of mnemonic representations plays a critical role in age-related episodic memory deficits, yet the brain mechanisms underlying such reductions remain unclear. Using functional and structural neuroimaging, this study found that changes in the hippocampus and the angular gyrus may underpin loss of memory precision in older age. The age-related reduction in activity reflecting successful recovery of object features was observed in the hippocampus, while the modulation of BOLD signal by graded memory precision was diminished in the angular gyrus.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yingying Wang, Hongmi Lee, Brice A. Kuhl
Summary: Human neuroimaging studies have successfully reconstructed multidimensional and idiosyncratic memory representations using semantic encoding models. The reconstructions were accurate in visual and lateral parietal cortices when viewing scenes and recalling them from memory. The reconstructions matched subjects' verbal descriptions of their memories and the encoding models transferred reliably across subjects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adrian W. Gilmore, Alina Quach, Sarah E. Kalinowski, Estefania Gonzalez-Araya, Stephen J. Gotts, Daniel L. Schacter, Alex Martin
Summary: The study demonstrates that the activity patterns of the hippocampus in recalling recent events differ from remote events, supporting predictions of the standard model of consolidation. By utilizing overt spoken recall, researchers found that the posterior hippocampal regions exhibit more active patterns during the recall of recent events.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Giuseppa Renata Mangano, Massimiliano Oliveri, Daniela Smirni, Vincenza Tarantino, Patrizia Turriziani
Summary: Neuroimaging, neuropsychological, and brain stimulation studies have shown contrasting findings on the roles of the lateral parietal lobe in episodic memory. The experiment involving active and sham rTMS on the right or left posterior parietal cortex (PPC) before encoding or retrieval phase revealed that active rTMS on the right PPC improved non-verbal recognition memory while stimulation on the left PPC had no significant effect, indicating a role of PPC in episodic memory retrieval dependent on hemispheric lateralization and timing of stimulation.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Buddhika Bellana, Natalia Ladyka-Wojcik, Shany Lahan, Morris Moscovitch, Cheryl L. Grady
Summary: The human angular gyrus (AG) plays a crucial role in both recollection and general memory representation. This study found that the left AG is activated during both task-specific recollection and the incidental access of general prior knowledge. These findings emphasize the sensitivity of the AG to different types of memory representations.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel Y. Rubinstein, Liliana Camarillo-Rodriguez, Mijail D. Serruya, Nora A. Herweg, Zachary J. Waldman, Paul A. Wanda, Ashwini D. Sharan, Shennan A. Weiss, Michael R. Sperling
Summary: The study explored the role of the left ventral lateral parietal cortex in episodic encoding, revealing significant memory effects, particularly in the anterior VPC (supramarginal gyrus). This suggests a new perspective on the contribution of VPC to episodic memory encoding.
Article
Neurosciences
Liisa Raud, Markus H. Sneve, Didac Vidal-Pineiro, Oystein Sorensen, Line Folvik, Hedda T. Ness, Athanasia M. Mowinckel, Hakon Grydeland, Kristine B. Walhovd, Anders M. Fjell
Summary: Memory encoding and retrieval are important processes in episodic memory, with the hippocampus playing a key role. However, the connectivity between the hippocampus and neocortex during memory processing in humans is not well understood. This study used data from two large-scale functional resonance imaging studies to identify hippocampal-cortical networks active during memory tasks. The functional connectivity maps were similar during resting state, encoding, and retrieval, and the connectivity profiles of the anterior and posterior hippocampus were stable across different states. During retrieval, the hippocampal connectivity with areas involved in recollection increased, while encoding connectivity likely reflected contextual factors.
Article
Neurosciences
Neal W. Morton, Ellen L. Zippi, Alison R. Preston
Summary: In this study, fMRI was used to track the reactivation and suppression of individual related memories during encoding of overlapping events. The results showed that reactivation of semantic knowledge related to a prior event in the posterior medial prefrontal cortex (pmPFC) supported memory integration, while the anterior hippocampus (aHPC) formed integrated representations combining the semantic features of overlapping events. Additionally, interactions between ventrolateral PFC and anterior mPFC were found to modulate aHPC integration on a trial-by-trial basis, with suppression of item-specific memory representations in anterior mPFC inhibiting hippocampal integration.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Noelia Ventura-Campos, Lara Ferrando-Esteve, Irene Epifanio
Summary: Problem solving is crucial in mathematical learning. The reversal error can occur when students recognize the information in comparison word problems but reverse the relationship between variables in equations. Neural bases associated with this error were identified using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The activation patterns in the brain differed between the reversal error and non-reversal error groups, indicating a greater cognitive demand for the former. The right middle temporal gyrus showed activation related to semantic processing, which is required for understanding the problem statement. The areas of brain activation could serve as biomarkers for identifying competent problem solvers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Gina F. Humphreys, JeYoung Jung, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Summary: This study revealed the different roles of lateral parietal cortex (LPC) in episodic memory retrieval and semantic memory retrieval from a functional and connectivity perspective. The findings showed that ventral LPC was positively activated during episodic retrieval but not during semantic memory retrieval, while dorsal LPC was activated in various tasks and positively correlated with task difficulty. Furthermore, a gradient of connectivity along the dorsal-ventral and anterior-posterior axis was found in the angular gyrus (AG).
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jiajia Yang, Yinghua Yu, Hiroaki Shigemasu, Hiroshi Kadota, Kiyoshi Nakahara, Takanori Kochiyama, Yoshimichi Ejima, Jinglong Wu
Summary: The study findings suggest that the functional heterogeneity of the left lateral posterior parietal cortex during visuo-haptic crossmodal dot-surface retrieval processing reflects that it does not simply contribute to retrieval of past information; rather, each subregion has a specific functional role in resolving different task requirements.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Joram Soch, Anni Richter, Hartmut Schuetze, Jasmin M. Kizilirmak, Anne Assmann, Lea Knopf, Matthias Raschick, Annika Schult, Anne Maass, Gabriel Ziegler, Alan Richardson-Klavehn, Emrah Duezel, Bjorn H. Schott
Summary: Subsequent memory paradigms separate brain responses based on memory performance during later retrieval, with fMRI typically showing activations in certain brain structures. This study suggests that using parametric models, especially with non-linear transformations of memory confidence ratings, can better explain fMRI signal variance during encoding, providing a framework for improving models of encoding-related activations and applying them to memory-impaired individuals.
Article
Neurosciences
Jacqueline M. Fulvio, Qing Yu, Bradley R. Postle
Summary: Working memory requires encoding stimulus identity and context. The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) plays a crucial role in controlling the representation of stimulus context in visual working memory (WM), showing sensitivity to context binding requirements and domain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karl-Heinz T. Baeuml, Lukas Trissl
Summary: Selective retrieval interrupts time-dependent forgetting and enhances recall. It not only helps to remember the retrieved information, but also boosts the recall of nonretrieved information.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria A. Boylan, Chris M. Foster, Ekarin E. Pongpipat, Christina E. Webb, Karen M. Rodrigue, Kristen M. Kennedy
Summary: This study examined the effects of aging on brain signal variability, finding that BOLD variability increases with age in various cortical and subcortical regions, and is associated with poorer cognitive performance in younger to middle-aged adults.
Article
Neurosciences
Cheryl L. Grady, Jenny R. Rieck, Daniel Nichol, Karen M. Rodrigue, Kristen M. Kennedy
Summary: The study highlights the problem of limited statistical power in fMRI research due to small sample sizes. Experiment results indicate that larger sample sizes lead to decreased brain-behavior correlations and increased similarity across spatial maps. Furthermore, the multivariate approach shows advantages in the stability of brain-behavior correlations compared to univariate methods.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ekarin E. Pongpipat, Kristen M. Kennedy, Chris M. Foster, Maria A. Boylan, Karen M. Rodrigue
Summary: This study explored the impact of aging on functional connectivity during working memory tasks, and found that age did not significantly affect the task-sensitive functional connections between fronto-parietal and default mode regions. Stronger negative connectivity between these regions was associated with better working memory performance, particularly in middle-aged and older adults.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dianne K. Bryce, Chris M. Ware, Janice D. Woodhouse, Paul J. Ciaccio, J. Michael Ellis, Laxminarayan G. Hegde, Sabu Kuruvilla, Matthew L. Maddess, Carrie G. Markgraf, Karin M. Otte, Frederique M. Poulet, Lauren M. Timmins, Matthew E. Kennedy, Matthew J. Fell
Summary: Long-term treatment with LRRK2 kinase inhibitors in mice can lead to mild and reversible effects on lung histomorphology, highlighting the potential safety and tolerability of chronic LRRK2 kinase inhibition in Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simon Dujardin, Caitlin Commins, Aurelien Lathuiliere, Pieter Beerepoot, Analiese R. Fernandes, Tarun V. Kamath, Mark B. De Los Santos, Naomi Klickstein, Diana L. Corjuc, Bianca T. Corjuc, Patrick M. Dooley, Arthur Viode, Derek H. Oakley, Benjamin D. Moore, Kristina Mullin, Dinorah Jean-Gilles, Ryan Clark, Kevin Atchison, Renee Moore, Lori B. Chibnik, Rudolph E. Tanzi, Matthew P. Frosch, Alberto Serrano-Pozo, Fiona Elwood, Judith A. Steen, Matthew E. Kennedy, Bradley T. Hyman
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Brandon M. Taoka, Wen-Lian Wu, Jinsong Hao, Martin Dolmaski, Hongwu Wang, Dorthy Levorse, Peter Orth, Lynn A. Hyde, Brad Smith, Maria S. Michener, Matthew E. Kennedy, Eric M. Parker, Jared N. Cumming
Summary: This paper explores the structure-activity relationships of novel fluoroalkyl substituents at the C2 position of iminothiazine dioxide beta secretase inhibitors, highlighting the impact of reduced amidine basicity on Pgp, cell potency, and efficacy in preclinical in vivo animal models. The findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of action of these inhibitors.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mitchell H. Keylor, Anmol Gulati, Solomon D. Kattar, Rebecca E. Johnson, Ryan W. Chau, Kaila A. Margrey, Michael J. Ardolino, Cayetana Zarate, Kelsey E. Poremba, Vladimir Simov, Gregori J. Morriello, John J. Acton, Barbara Pio, Xin Yan, Rachel L. Palte, Spencer E. McMinn, Lisa Nogle, Charles A. Lesburg, Donovon Adpressa, Shishi Lin, Santhosh Neelamkavil, Ping Liu, Jing Su, Laxminarayan G. Hegde, Janice D. Woodhouse, Robert Faltus, Tina Xiong, Paul J. Ciaccio, Jennifer Piesvaux, Karin M. Otte, Harold B. Wood, Matthew E. Kennedy, David Jonathan Bennett, Erin F. DiMauro, Matthew J. Fell, Peter H. Fuller
Summary: The study successfully discovered brain-penetrant molecules with candidate-quality, high selectivity against the kinome, potency- and selectivity-enhancing design elements, and encouraging brain penetration in preclinical models.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Takashi Tarumi, Neena R. Patel, Tsubasa Tomoto, Evan Pasha, Ayaz M. Khan, Kayla Kostroske, Jonathan Riley, Cynthia D. Tinajero, Ciwen Wang, Linda S. Hynan, Karen M. Rodrigue, Kristen M. Kennedy, Denise C. Park, Rong Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a 1-year aerobic exercise intervention on cognitive function, brain volume, and cortical thickness in sedentary older adults. The results showed that both aerobic exercise and stretching interventions improved cognitive performance, but did not prevent age-related brain volume loss. Improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness were positively correlated with cognitive performance and regional cortical thickness.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Xi Chen, Melissa M. Rundle, Kristen M. Kennedy, William Moore, Denise C. Park
Summary: Neuroimaging research has found two different patterns of brain activation in successful cognitive aging - maintenance of youth-like activity and compensatory novel recruitment. This study investigated these patterns in individuals who resisted age-related cognitive decline over four years. The results showed that successful agers exhibited high subsequent memory effect until very old age, while average agers had reduced subsequent memory effect starting in young-old age. Additionally, successful agers showed additional recruitment in prefrontal clusters in young-old age. This study provides evidence of the neural mechanisms underlying successful cognitive aging.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tsubasa Tomoto, Aryan Verma, Kayla Kostroske, Takashi Tarumi, Neena R. Patel, Evan P. Pasha, Jonathan Riley, Cynthia D. Tinajero, Linda S. Hynan, Karen M. Rodrigue, Kristen M. Kennedy, Denise C. Park, Rong Zhang
Summary: This study found that one-year progressive, moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise training has positive effects on cerebral blood flow, central arterial stiffness, and cognitive performance. In cognitively normal older adults, aerobic exercise training increased cerebral blood flow, decreased carotid arterial stiffness and cerebrovascular resistance, and was associated with improved memory function.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Justyna A. Dobrowolska Zakaria, Randall J. Bateman, Monika Lysakowska, Ammaarah Khatri, Dinorah Jean-Gilles, Matthew E. Kennedy, Robert Vassar
Summary: This paper presents a method for measuring the metabolism of sAPP beta and sAPP alpha in humans using stable isotope labeling kinetics, immunoprecipitation, and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The method allows for a comprehensive study of these analytes and could provide novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
David A. Candito, Vladimir Simov, Anmol Gulati, Solomon Kattar, Ryan W. Chau, Blair T. Lapointe, Joey L. Methot, Duane E. DeMong, Thomas H. Graham, Ravi Kurukulasuriya, Mitchell H. Keylor, Ling Tong, Gregori J. Morriello, John J. Acton, Barbara Pio, Weiguo Liu, Jack D. Scott, Michael J. Ardolino, Theodore A. Martinot, Matthew L. Maddess, Xin Yan, Hakan Gunaydin, Rachel L. Palte, Spencer E. McMinn, Lisa Nogle, Hongshi Yu, Ellen C. Minnihan, Charles A. Lesburg, Ping Liu, Jing Su, Laxminarayan G. Hegde, Lily Y. Moy, Janice D. Woodhouse, Robert Faltus, Tina Xiong, Paul Ciaccio, Jennifer A. Piesvaux, Karin M. Otte, Matthew E. Kennedy, David Jonathan Bennett, Erin F. DiMauro, Matthew J. Fell, Santhosh Neelamkavil, Harold B. Wood, Peter H. Fuller, J. Michael Ellis
Summary: This article describes the optimization process of a novel LRRK2 inhibitor for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. By combining structure-based drug design with cross-coupling technologies, a unique motif with extraordinary potency and favorable CNS drug-like properties was discovered. The lead compound showed exceptional on-target potency, selectivity, and brain exposure, making it a promising candidate for preclinical studies.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph P. Hennessee, Christina E. Webb, Xi Chen, Kristen M. Kennedy, Gagan S. Wig, Denise C. Park
Summary: There is a debate about the significance of additional fMRI-measured activity in the right prefrontal cortex in older adults and whether it enhances cognition. A study with 461 adults aged 20-89 found that higher left-lateralization in the prefrontal cortex was associated with better cognitive performance in middle-aged adults, while lower laterality scores were associated with better cognition in older adults. These findings have important implications for current theories of neurocognitive aging.
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Yuan, Kristen M. Kennedy
Summary: This study used geospatial tools and landmarks to assess environmental complexity and predict cognitive status. The results showed that street length, circuity, and points of interest were associated with dementia. Therefore, environmental complexity plays an important role in the development of Alzheimer's disease.
JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Stephan A. Muller, Merav D. Shmueli, Xiao Feng, Johanna Tushaus, Neele Schumacher, Ryan Clark, Brad E. Smith, An Chi, Stefan Rose-John, Matthew E. Kennedy, Stefan F. Lichtenthaler
Summary: In this study, the researchers identified SEZ6 and gp130/IL6ST as physiological substrates of BACE1 in non-human-primate cerebrospinal fluid. They also found a reduction of gp130 in human CSF from a clinical trial with a BACE inhibitor and in plasma of BACE1-deficient mice. These findings provide insights into the relationship between BACE1 and gp130 in neuronal signaling and survival.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)