Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yangfan Peng, Federico J. Barreda Tomas, Paul Pfeiffer, Moritz Drangmeister, Susanne Schreiber, Imre Vida, Joerg R. P. Geiger
Summary: This study reveals that inhibition by fast-spiking interneurons in the rat superficial presubiculum is organized in the form of a dominant super-reciprocal microcircuit motif. The unique connectivity arises from the asymmetric, polarized morphology of fast-spiking interneuron axons, improving head direction tuning of pyramidal cells. The structured inhibition based on asymmetrical axons is proposed as an overarching spatial connectivity principle for tailored computation across brain regions.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Junfang Zhang, Jie Wang, Xiaomeng Xu, Zhiwen You, Qi Huang, Yiyun Huang, Qihao Guo, Yihui Guan, Jun Zhao, Jun Liu, Wei Xu, Yulei Deng, Fang Xie, Binyin Li
Summary: Synapse loss is a major pathological change in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and this study used F-18-SynVesT-1 PET to evaluate synaptic alterations in AD patients. The findings showed lower synaptic density in the cortex and hippocampus of AD patients compared to controls, and these synaptic density changes were correlated with cognitive decline. Functional and structural connectivity analyses revealed impaired connectivity in AD patients, which was associated with global cognition.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi, Nicolas Marotta, Niccolo E. Mencacci
Summary: Dystonia, a heterogeneous hyperkinetic movement disorder, has been shown to involve functional convergence among protein products of multiple DYT-genes. Genetic discoveries and the development of cellular and animal models have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying dystonia pathogenesis.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2021)
Review
Developmental Biology
Sarah E. Latchney, Ania K. Majewska
Summary: The developing nervous system is sensitive to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) exposure, which may increase the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Research focuses on the cellular processes of synapse formation and plasticity during sensitive periods of rapid brain development, which may be affected by developmental neurotoxicants. Developmental POP exposure has long-lasting effects on dendritic morphology, spine formation, synaptic transmission, among other cellular processes.
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yifeng Rang, Huan Liu, Chunhong Liu
Summary: This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying Nonylphenol (NP)-induced learning and memory impairment and proposes possible therapeutic methods. Through behavior tests and other studies, oxidative stress, neurotransmitter disorder, synaptic plasticity impairment, and neuron injury are identified as key factors contributing to learning and memory deficits. In addition, chronic inflammation and increased gut permeability are also suggested to be associated with NP-induced learning and memory impairment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Anurag Pandey, Neil Hardingham, Kevin Fox
Summary: This study explores the synaptic plasticity properties of RS and IB cells in the mouse visual cortex during the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity. It reveals that RS neurons show synaptic depression in response to both dark exposure and monocular deprivation, while IB cells exhibit opposite responses. The potentiation in IB cells depends on CaMKII-autophosphorylation, while RS cells mature during the critical period.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Joana Barroso, Paulo Branco, Apkar Vania Apkarian
Summary: Chronic pain is a major cause of disability globally, with inadequate treatment and a potential increase in disease burden. Despite extensive research, the underlying pathophysiology of chronic pain is minimally understood, highlighting the need for mechanistically explicit, hypothesis-driven, and clinically focused models.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Carolina Tecuatl, Diek W. Wheeler, Giorgio A. Ascoli
Summary: This research introduces a user-friendly data-driven pipeline to estimate connection probabilities and distances between neurons, bridging an important gap between neuronal morphology and circuit organization.
Article
Neurosciences
Petra Fischer
Summary: In humans, finely tuned gamma synchronization rapidly appears in a motor control network at movement onset, but the functional consequences remain unclear. Different types of synchronization have been linked to various forms of motor inhibition. Understanding how intra- and inter-site synchronization interacts with firing rate changes in different parts of the network is critical for enabling flexible action control.
Article
Neurosciences
Sam Cooler, Gregory W. Schwartz
Summary: A systematic spatial offset between ON and OFF receptive subfields in F-mini-ON retinal ganglion cells was discovered, originating from a network of electrical synapses instead of dendritic positions. The asymmetry in morphology and connectivity of these RGCs explains their receptive field offset, affecting the precision of edge-location representation. This RGC network forms a new electrical channel combining the ON and OFF feedforward pathways within the output layer of the retina.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Luca Della Santina, Alfred K. Yu, Scott C. Harris, Manuel Solino, Tonatiuh Garcia Ruiz, Jesse Most, Yien-Ming Kuo, Felice A. Dunn, Yvonne Ou
Summary: The specificity and timing of synapse disassembly in the CNS are crucial for understanding how individual circuits respond to neurodegeneration of the postsynaptic neuron. Synaptic connections can remodel and reconnect in sensory systems like the mammalian retina after sensory cell loss. In this study, it was found that adult neural circuits are capable of structural plasticity while undergoing neurodegeneration, with loss of synapses biased towards certain presynaptic neuron types.
Article
Cell Biology
Joo Yeun Lee, Rachel A. Care, David B. Kastner, Luca Della Santina, Felice A. Dunn
Summary: Neural circuits can modify to adapt to changing inputs. This study shows that the excitatory pathways in the retina experience functional loss when there is partial cone death or partial light stimulation, while the inhibitory pathways can recover functionally by increasing spatiotemporal integration.
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Neha Pondicherry, Jeremy D. Keenan, Luca Della Santina, Thomas Lietman, Michael Deiner
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Tonatiuh Garcia Ruiz, Alfred K. Yu, Jeanette Hyer, Luca Della Santina, Yvonne Ou
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Alan W. Kong, Tonatiuh Garcia Ruiz, Yien-Ming Kuo, Alfred K. Yu, Luca Della Santina, Yvonne Ou
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Corinna Cozzitorto, Zoe Peltz, Lourdes Flores, Mao Mao, Luca Della Santina, Douglas B. Gould
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Rolake Alabi, Opeyemi Alabi, Alan W. Kong, Mohit Jethi, Luca Della Santina, Yvonne Ou
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Manuel Solino, Alfred K. Yu, Luca Della Santina, Yvonne Ou
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Luca Della Santina, Manuel Solino, Tonatiuh Garcia-Ruiz, Alfred K. Yu, Yvonne Ou
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Alfred K. Yu, Luca Della Santina, Manuel Solino, Yvonne Ou
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Corinna Cozzitorto, Zoe Peltz, Mao Mao, Luca Della Santina, Douglas B. Gould
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Travis K. Redd, Luca Della Santina, N. Venkatesh Prajna, Prajna Lalitha, Nisha Acharya, Thomas Lietman
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Alan W. Kong, Marcus L. Turner, Hoover Chan, Robert L. Stamper, Benjamin F. Arnold, Luca Della Santina, Yvonne Ou
Summary: This cross-sectional study examined ON-pathway versus OFF-pathway dysfunction in glaucoma using handheld ERG testing. The results suggest that the OFF-pathway may be more vulnerable in glaucoma patients. Using a handheld ERG device with a sinusoidal flicker stimulus may provide an objective assessment of visual function in glaucoma.
OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nadia Parmhans, Anne Drury Fuller, Eileen Nguyen, Katherine Chuang, David Swygart, Sophia Rose Wienbar, Tyger Lin, Zbynek Kozmik, Lijin Dong, Gregory William Schwartz, Tudor Constantin Badea
Summary: Members of the POU4F/Brn3 transcription factor family, specifically Brn3c, play a crucial role in the development and classification of a diverse range of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) types. The novel Brn3c(Cre) mouse allele generated in this study provides novel biological insights into RGC type classification, brain connectivity, and cytoarchitectonic, revealing a previously unknown subdivision of the deep mesencephalic nucleus. Additionally, genetic Brn3c-Brn3b intersection highlights an increased RGC density area that overlaps with the mouse binocular field of view.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)