Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Meshandren Naidoo
Summary: The study proposes a practical approach to better regulate new AI technologies by considering factors such as predictive ability, semantic information, and self-referential logic. It offers a method for ranking and evaluating AI systems, and is adaptable to current and future developments in AI technologies and society.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Vincent W. S. Chan, Sergio Benedetto
Summary: The article discusses the important topic of volunteerism, with the author collaborating with Sergio to emphasize the respect and significance of volunteers.
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Richard N. Williams, Edwin E. Gantt, Lane Fischer
Summary: This paper examines the crisis of modernism and the rise of postmodern perspectives in the 19th and 20th centuries, focusing on the decline of human agency in social science understanding as a result. It offers an alternative conception of human agency and argues against the prevailing social science worldview.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
News Item
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Daithi A. Stone
Summary: Northern autumns and winters are warming up, with weather becoming more mild. Observations and climate models show that human activities have significantly altered today's weather compared to just a generation ago.
Review
Forestry
R. Justin DeRose, James N. Long, Kristen M. Waring, Marcella A. Windmuller-Campione, Andrew S. Nelson, Mark R. Nabel
Summary: Silviculture is a dynamic discipline that has been practiced in North America for over a century. It has evolved with changing societal trends and continues to play a crucial role in contemporary resource management. The definition of silviculture has shifted from an art to a combination of art and science, and it is argued that silviculturists need to embrace their artistic skills in order to adapt to the rapidly changing conditions.
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emma Marris
Summary: This study is one of the few to uncover the behavioral effects of Toxoplasma gondii in wild animals.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Steven J. Staffa, Daniel S. Kohane, David Zurakowski
Summary: Synergy, a specific term in the field of nanoformulations, refers to the phenomenon where the combined effect of two or more drugs or therapeutic modalities is greater than the sum of their individual effects. It is important to understand and accurately demonstrate synergy in nanoscience research.
Editorial Material
Behavioral Sciences
Giacomo Vivanti
Summary: In this commentary, the authors explore the concept of evidence-based interventions for autism by examining historical developments, methodological approaches, and areas of ongoing debate in the field.
Review
Neurosciences
Julie Smeyers, Elena-Gaia Banchi, Morwena Latouche
Summary: The non-coding repeat expansion in the C9ORF72 gene is the most common cause of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. After a decade of research, it has been found that the toxic accumulation of gain-of-function products and the loss of function may both contribute to the disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Roland Kays, Martin Wikelski
Summary: One of the biggest trends in ecology recently has been the creation of standardized databases, which include live data, formal linkages between disparate databases, and automated analytics. This synergy, known as the Internet of Animals (IoA), has been used to predict species distributions and detect disease outbreaks. However, challenges of taxonomy, data security, and data sharing need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of IoA in enabling discoveries and predictions relevant to human societies and animal conservation.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael Weiss, Werner Siegmund
Summary: The extent and rate of bioavailability are important factors in studying the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs. Previous studies suggest that bioavailability may depend on the mean absorption time (MAT). Estimates of bioavailability (F) and MAT were obtained through population analysis of data from bioavailability studies. It was found that F decreased with increasing MAT for trospium and ketamine, while propiverine showed a significant increase. The interindividual variability in F could be attributed to the variability in MAT. The plot of F versus MAT provides information about the effect of gastrointestinal transit and hepatic extraction on drug absorption, making it a useful diagnostic tool for bioavailability studies.
Article
Psychiatry
Valentina Petrolini, Marta Jorba, Agustin Vicente
Summary: Characterizations of autism often describe rigidity, but there has been little systematic discussion on this phenomenon. This paper examines different facets of rigidity in autism, such as fixed interests, insistence on sameness, adherence to routines, black-and-white thinking, intolerance of uncertainty, ritualized behavior, literalism, and discomfort with change. It argues that while some explanations attribute rigidity to executive functioning, there are other plausible explanations that should be considered. The paper concludes by calling for more research on the different facets of rigidity and their clustering in the autistic population, and suggests ways in which interventions could benefit from a more detailed understanding of rigidity.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Noa Krugliak Cleveland, Joana Torres, David T. Rubin
Summary: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by inflammation limited to the mucosa, but persistent clinical disease activity can occur even when mucosal healing has been achieved. UC increases the risk of disease progression and can lead to various complications. Unlike Crohn's disease, halting the progression of UC has been overlooked. This review highlights the progressive nature of UC and proposes further study of its natural history and treatment goals.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelo Azzi
Summary: This article evaluates the meaning, appropriate usage, and misusage of the terms oxidative stress, oxidative eustress, and oxidative distress. It reveals that oxidative stress and oxidative damage are often incorrectly used as synonyms. The term eustress, intended to signify good stress, is also found unsuitable for indicating signaling by reactive molecules that can have variable effects. The defined oxidative distress is identified as oxidative damage rather than oxidative stress. Additionally, damaging oxidations and signaling oxidant events, both positive and negative, can coexist in different locations within a cell, tissue, or body. The measurement of oxidant events in body fluids or tissue samples can only reflect the combined effects of non-separable events, sometimes with opposite effects. Officially approved therapies to prevent or cure oxidative stress or oxidative damage are currently lacking.
Article
Psychology, Social
Ashley E. Martin, Malia F. Mason
Summary: Gender is a critical feature in perceiving humanness and plays a more central role than other social categories. Removing or withholding gender leads to the targets being seen as less human, and the lack of a gender schema affects how targets are understood and evaluated.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
