Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jenna Meiman, William A. Grobman, David M. Haas, Lynn M. Yee, Jiqiang Wu, Becky McNeil, Jun Wu, Brian Mercer, Hyagriv Simhan, Uma Reddy, Robert Silver, Samuel Parry, George Saade, Courtney D. Lynch, Kartik K. Venkatesh
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and the risk of postpartum readmission using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). They found that individuals living in neighborhoods with higher levels of deprivation were at an increased risk of postpartum readmission compared to those living in neighborhoods with lower levels of deprivation. These findings suggest that measures of community-level social determinants of health, such as the ADI, can be useful in informing postpartum care after delivery discharge.
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Garrett N. Coyan, Amber Okoye, Ayesha Shah, Yisi Wang, Floyd Thoma, Christopher Sciortino, Arman Kilic, Thomas Gleason, Danny Chu
Summary: This study explored the impact of neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) on outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), revealing that lower NMI quartiles were associated with increased mortality and complications risk over 5 years. Further research is needed to understand the complex associations between socioeconomic variables and cardiac surgical outcomes.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Chinedu O. Ejike, Han Woo, Panagis Galiatsatos, Laura M. Paulin, Jerry A. Krishnan, Christopher B. Cooper, David J. Couper, Richard E. Kanner, Russell P. Bowler, Eric A. Hoffman, Alejandro P. Comellas, Gerard J. Criner, R. Graham Barr, Fernando J. Martinez, MeiLan K. Han, Carlos H. Martinez, Victor E. Ortega, Trisha M. Parekh, Stephanie A. Christenson, Neeta Thakur, Aaron Baugh, Daniel C. Belz, Sarath Raju, Amanda J. Gassett, Joel D. Kaufman, Nirupama Putcha, Nadia N. Hansel
Summary: Black adults have worse respiratory symptoms, quality of life, and higher risk of severe exacerbations in COPD compared to white adults; even after adjusting for individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status factors, racial disparities persist, with neighborhood-level SES explaining a larger portion of the disparities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Meghan B. Brennan, W. Ryan Powell, Farah Kaiksow, Joseph Kramer, Yao Liu, Amy J. H. Kind, Christie M. Bartels
Summary: This study assessed whether intersecting identities of Black race, ethnicity, rural residence, or living in a disadvantaged neighborhood are associated with increased risk in major leg amputation or death among Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with diabetic foot ulcers. The findings suggest that rural patients identifying as Black had a more than 10% absolute increased risk of major leg amputation or death compared with the overall cohort, highlighting the interaction between racial and rural disparities in amplifying risk.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yeonwoo Kim, Erica Twardzik, Suzanne E. Judd, Natalie Colabianchi
Summary: The study found an association between higher neighborhood disadvantage and higher stroke risk in Sweden and Japan, but not in the United States. The relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) and stroke risk within different racial groups in the United States was inconclusive. Additional research is needed to investigate potential intermediate and modifiable factors of the association between nSES and stroke incidence, which could serve as intervention points.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rashida Brown, Elleni M. Hailu, Belinda L. Needham, Ana Diez Roux, Teresa E. Seeman, Jue Lin, Mahasin S. Mujahid
Summary: The study found that changes in neighborhood socioeconomic and social conditions were associated with changes in leukocyte telomere length, with improvement in neighborhood socioeconomic status linked to slower telomere attrition, while increases in safety and overall neighborhood social environment score were associated with more pronounced telomere attrition. This suggests that broader social and socioeconomic contexts should be considered in relation to biological aging. Future research should further explore psychosocial mechanisms underlying these associations using longitudinal study designs.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Opal P. Patel, Kaitlyn G. Lawrence, Christine G. Parks, Mark Bodkin, William Braxton Jackson III, Lawrence S. Engel, Dale P. Sandler
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between neighborhood disadvantage and immune-related illnesses. The study found a significant association between neighborhood disadvantage and pneumonia, but no significant association with frequent colds.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Allison S. Komorowski, Jessica R. Walter, Caitlin E. Martin, Bronwyn S. Bedrick, Joan K. Riley, Emily S. Jungheim
Summary: This study examined the association between neighborhood disadvantage and ovarian reserve stratified by body mass index (BMI). The findings showed that women with overweight or obesity living in disadvantaged neighborhoods had lower levels of anti-Muellerian hormone (AMH). However, neighborhood disadvantage was not associated with antral follicle count (AFC) or AMH levels in women with normal weight or underweight status.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria Vassilaki, Jeremiah A. Aakre, Anna Castillo, Alanna M. Chamberlain, Patrick M. Wilson, Walter K. Kremers, Michelle M. Mielke, Yonas E. Geda, Mary M. Machulda, Rabe E. Alhurani, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Prashanthi Vemuri, Val J. Lowe, Clifford R. Jack, David S. Knopman, Ronald C. Petersen
Summary: The study found an association between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia in older adults. Higher levels of neighborhood deprivation were associated with an increased risk of progression to dementia and slightly faster cognitive decline.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samuli Rautava, Olli Turta, Jussi Vahtera, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Jamie Pearce, Ichiro Kawachi, Paivi Rautava, Hanna Lagstrom
Summary: The association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and trajectories of BMI from birth to age 7 was examined. Cumulative exposure to neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was found to be independently associated with unfavorable BMI development and obesity in childhood.
Review
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Leila E. Harrison, Laura Fletcher, Dana Dunleavy, Tanisha Price-Johnson, Roopal Vashi Kundu, Glen T. Fogerty, Linda Berardi-Demo
Summary: This study examined how applicants interpret the self-reported disadvantaged (SRD) question in the American Medical College Application Service (AMCAS) application. The results showed significant differences between SRD and non-SRD applicants in terms of background, financial status, educational environment, and personal experiences. The interviews also revealed applicants' concerns about the lack of transparency in how the SRD question is used in admissions.
Article
Respiratory System
Jay B. Lusk, Molly N. Hoffman, Amy G. Clark, Hannah Mahoney, Beau Blass, Jonathan Bae, Deepshikha C. Ashana, Christopher E. Cox, Bradley G. Hammill
Summary: Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation may be a key factor driving poor health outcomes for patients with pulmonary diseases.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Saija Tarro, Mirkka Lahdenpera, Jussi Vahtera, Jaana Pentti, Hanna Lagstrom
Summary: Child obesity risk, child eating behavior, and parental feeding practices are associated with individual level socioeconomic status, but their associations with neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage are largely unknown. This study found that children with a high food approach tendency in disadvantaged neighborhoods are more likely to have higher body mass index and increased risk of overweight at the age of 6 years compared with those in affluent neighborhoods.
Article
Oncology
Loretta Erhunmwunsee, Sam E. Wing, Xiaoke Zou, Patricia Coogan, Julie R. Palmer, F. Lennie Wong
Summary: Living in neighborhoods with concentrated disadvantage may increase the risk of lung cancer in Black women who have never smoked. Understanding and targeting non-tobacco-related factors in disadvantaged neighborhoods could help achieve health equity.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jason Settels, Anja K. Leist
Summary: The study found that worsening neighborhood socioeconomic conditions were associated with cognitive declines in older adults. Changes in depressive symptoms, sizes of close social networks, and physical activity substantially mediated this relationship. Although 18.10% of the total effect occurred through these mechanisms, further pathways may involve contextual and individual-level variables not assessed in the study.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cristina Valdovinos, Giselle Perez-Aguilar, Roberto Gonzalez Huerta, Chesca Barrios, Griselda Gutiererrez, Carmen Mendez, Anshu Abhat, Gerardo Moreno, Arleen Brown, Alejandra Casillas
Summary: This study investigated technology access, use patterns, and eHealth literacy levels among English-speaking and limited English proficient (LEP) patients in a safety net health system in Los Angeles. The findings showed that participants had low perceived skills and confidence in engaging with electronic health systems, particularly LEP Spanish-speakers.
ETHNICITY & DISEASE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Lisa N. Mansfield, Lilanthi Balasuriya, Arleen Brown
Summary: As of February 2022, nearly 11.4 million children have tested positive for COVID-19 since the pandemic began. With the rapid increase of Omicron variant cases, schools face future challenges in managing the evolving COVID-19 landscape. Vaccination can mitigate the long-term effects of COVID-19 among infected children, but only 55% of children aged 12-17 years have been fully vaccinated. Lessons learned from adolescent vaccines, such as the HPV vaccine, can inform strategies to promote COVID-19 vaccination in children.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aradhana Verma, Amytis Towfighi, Arleen Brown, Anshu Abhat, Alejandra Casillas
Summary: Digital health can provide a path towards more accessible stroke prevention and treatment, particularly for historically disadvantaged patient populations. However, underrepresented individuals face digital health disparities that potentially diminish the benefits of these digital advances, requiring the consideration of their needs in the integration of digital health solutions.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mona AuYoung, Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa, Wei-ting Chen, Preeti Juturu, Maria-Elena De Trinidad Young, Alejandra Casillas, Paris Adkins-Jackson, Suellen Hopfer, Ed Kissam, Audrey Kawaiopua Alo, Roberto A. Vargas, Arleen F. Brown
Summary: Lack of trust in biomedical research, government, and health care systems, especially among racial/ethnic minorities and under-resourced communities, has long been a social injustice issue. The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized existing health and socioeconomic inequities and increased the need for access to culturally and linguistically appropriate information about COVID-19 to promote vaccine uptake. California's statewide alliance STOP COVID-19 CA leverages community partnerships to address racial/ethnic inequities in vaccine hesitancy and uptake, using various strategies, communication methods, languages, and trusted messengers. The importance of including trusted community partners and lessons learned are highlighted for future public health emergencies.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sandeep P. P. Khot, Breana L. L. Taylor, W. T. Longstreth, Arleen F. F. Brown
Summary: Sleep is crucial for human survival and vascular health. Impaired sleep duration and quality can increase the risk of stroke and mediate the relationship between physical environment and stroke incidence disparities. This article reviews observational studies on the association between sleep health and cerebrovascular disease. It assesses the influence of the physical environment and social determinants of health on sleep health and stroke risk. Understanding these factors is vital for developing effective public policies to improve population health, considering regional and racial/ethnic differences in stroke risk.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Paris B. Adkins-Jackson, Evelyn Vazquez, Frank K. Henry-Ala, Juliana M. Ison, Ann Cheney, Josephine Akingbulu, Christian Starks, Lindsay Slay, Alexander Dorsey, Connie Marmolejo, Alvin Stafford, James Wen, Margaret H. McCauley, Latrese Summers, Llendy Bermudez, Zitlaly L. Cruz-Roman, Itzel Castillo, Michele D. Kipke, Arleen F. Brown
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the impact of structural racism and discrimination on historically marginalized communities, affecting their mental health. The Vaccine Hesitancy Workgroup of the STOP COVID-19 CA alliance implemented restorative circles in these communities to facilitate collective healing. This article discusses the role of this workgroup in providing community-based mental health interventions and developing successful community-institutional partnerships using an anti-racist praxis tool.
HEALTH PROMOTION PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michelle S. Wong, Arleen F. Brown, Donna L. Washington
Summary: This study found that COVID-19-related hospitalization was higher among Black and White veterans living in neighborhoods with lower Healthy Places Index (HPI) scores. Accounting for Black segregation eliminated the hospitalization association for White veterans, but not for Black veterans. These findings suggest that composite neighborhood deprivation indices should consider racial and ethnic segregation.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lisa N. Mansfield, Savanna L. Carson, Nisha Sunku, Alana Troutt, Shelli Jackson, David Santillan, Stefanie D. Vassar, Dale Slaughter, Gloria Kim, Keith C. Norris, Arleen F. Brown
Summary: The GOTVax program in California aimed to reduce barriers to COVID-19 vaccination by partnering with local community-based organizations. The study identified trust-building, tailored outreach, and flexible funding contracts as key facilitators, while community sociopolitical, geographic, and cultural factors, safety concerns, and technological challenges were identified as barriers. Over 2 million residents were reached and 60,000 residents were registered for vaccination through the program.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Tessa K. Novick, Lilia Cervantes, Ladan Golestaneh, Michelle Osuna, Evelyn Cruz, Luz Baqueiro, Marissa Argentina, Andrea Sandoval, Arleen Brown, Franco Reyna, Sylvia E. Rosas, Claudia Camacho, Jenny Shen
Summary: Latinx populations have a higher burden of kidney failure compared to non-Latinx White populations, despite similar prevalence of CKD. Community health worker (CHW) interventions have been proven effective for improving outcomes in Latinx individuals with kidney disease, but they are not widely utilized. The workshop identified key success factors, challenges, and recommendations for CHW programs to address this disparity.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tamra Burns Loeb, Devin Banks, Kate Ramm, Isabella Viducich, Quonta Beasley, Juan Barron, Elizabeth Lee Chen, Enricka Norwood-Scott, Kimberly Fuentes, Muyu Zhang, Arleen F. Brown, Gail E. Wyatt, Alison B. Hamilton
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jennifer C. Chen, Griselda Gutierrez, Rachel Kamran, Jill Terry, Armenui Telliyan, Camilo Zaks, Savanna L. Carson, Arleen Brown, Karen Kim
Summary: This study evaluated the implementation of rapid COVID-19 vaccine clinics in the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services (LACDHS) from January to April 2021. The findings identified facilitators and barriers to implementation, which can inform future implementations in safety net health systems.
FRONTIERS IN HEALTH SERVICES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Health Care Sciences & Services
Utpal Sandesara, Savanna L. Carson, Alex Dopp, Lilian Perez, Atkia Sadia, Soma Wali, Nina Park, Alejandra Casillas, Gloria Kim, Maria Morales, Ejiro Ntekume, Priya Gandhi, Anthony Wafford, Arleen F. Brown
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lisa Mansfield, Stefanie D. Vassar, Arleen F. Brown, Natalie Robles, Savanna L. Carson, Dale Slaughter, Gloria Kim, Alana G. Troutt, Keith C. Norris
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lisa Mansfield, Nisha Sunku, Savanna L. Carson, Stefanie D. Vassar, Dale Slaughter, Gloria Kim, Alana G. Troutt, Keith C. Norris, Arleen F. Brown
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alejandra Casillas, Anshu Abhat, Griselda Gutierrez, Carmen Mendez, Stefanie D. Vassar, Yu-Chuang D. Huang, Arleen F. Brown
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
