Editorial Material
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Adam J. Fleisher
Summary: The concept of radiocarbon existing at equilibrium in Earth's atmosphere has led to the establishment of radiocarbon dating. Adam Fleisher examines its beginnings, achievements, and limitations.
Article
Surgery
Dimitrios Athanasiadis, Edward Hernandez, Sara Monfared, Natalia Kubicki, Nehal Ninad, Amani Karim, Don Selzer, Dimitrios Stefanidis, Ambar Banerjee
Summary: This study found that outcomes of bariatric surgery differ between elderly and younger patients, with factors such as preoperative BMI and length of hospital stay showing significant differences among age groups. However, rates of reinterventions and mortality did not significantly vary among the age groups.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biology
Jane A. Cauley, Dolores M. Shoback
Summary: More informed discussions between physicians and older adults about the consequences of an initial osteoporotic fracture could lead to more patients considering treatments to prevent future fractures.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Suzanne E. de Bruijn, Jeroen J. Smits, Chang Liu, Cornelis P. Lanting, Andy J. Beynon, Joelle Blankevoort, Jaap Oostrik, Wouter Koole, Erik de Vrieze, Cor W. R. J. Cremers, Frans P. M. Cremers, Susanne Roosing, Helger G. Yntema, Henricus P. M. Kunst, Bo Zhao, Ronald J. E. Pennings, Hannie Kremer
Summary: Adult-onset progressive hearing loss is highly heritable and has been identified in 12 families in the Netherlands as an autosomal dominant trait. A 12-nucleotide in-frame deletion in the RIPOR2 gene was found to be a significant cause of this type of hearing loss, affecting protein localization in cochlear hair cells and morphology.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Caleb Kim, Lara E. Davis, Catherine M. Albert, Brian Samuels, Jesse L. Roberts, Michael J. Wagner
Summary: Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor with two age peaks, and there are differences in prognosis between pediatric and adult patients. Current treatment strategies are mainly based on pediatric studies, and there are uncertainties in the treatment strategies for adult patients.
Review
Oncology
Joseph R. Wooley, Marta Penas-Prado
Summary: Medulloblastoma is a rare malignant brain tumor that predominantly affects children but also occurs in adults. Treatment with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy currently cures most patients; however, around 30% of patients have poor clinical outcomes despite treatment. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics have enhanced our understanding of tumorigenesis, leading to a call for rational and inclusive trials based on molecular features of disease rather than chronological age cutoffs.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kiminori Sugino, Mitsuji Nagahama, Wataru Kitagawa, Keiko Ohkuwa, Kenichi Matsuzu, Akifumi Suzuki, Chisato Tomoda, Kiyomi Yamada Hames, Junko Akaishi, Chie Masaki, Kana Yoshioka, Koichi Ito
Summary: The study found that clinical outcomes of pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) were not significantly related to age, but more factors influencing DFS and DMFS were present in younger age groups. Based on the results, <15 years may be a more suitable cutoff age for pediatric DTC.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andrew R. Reinink, Ashish Malhotra, Aasma Shaukat
Summary: Age is a significant risk factor for colorectal cancer, but there is little guidance on when to stop screening. Current recommendations primarily focus on age, but individualized recommendations should consider comorbidities, functional status, screening history, and gender. Patient and caregiver preferences should also be taken into account. Current models struggle to incorporate other colorectal cancer risk factors, but machine learning and electronic health record prediction-based approaches may improve this.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
N. Shukla, M. F. Levine, G. Gundem, D. Domenico, B. Spitzer, N. Bouvier, J. E. Arango-Ossa, D. Glodzik, J. S. Medina-Martinez, U. Bhanot, J. Gutierrez-Abril, Y. Zhou, E. Fiala, E. Stockfisch, S. Li, M. Rodriguez-Sanchez, T. O'Donohue, C. Cobbs, M. H. A. Roehrl, J. Benhamida, F. Iglesias Cardenas, M. Ortiz, M. Kinnaman, S. Roberts, M. Ladanyi, S. Modak, S. Farouk-Sait, E. Slotkin, M. A. Karajannis, F. Dela Cruz, J. Glade Bender, A. Zehir, A. Viale, M. F. Walsh, A. L. Kung, E. Papaemmanuil
Summary: The authors developed a workflow to deliver comprehensive cWGTS results within clinically-relevant timeframes. Compared to other diagnostic methods, cWGTS has the potential to capture all clinically reported mutations with comparable sensitivity. These findings provide important technical considerations for implementing cWGTS in clinical oncology.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. Hernandez, Y. Novoa-Medina, R. Faner, E. Palou, A. Esquerda, E. Castelblanco, A. M. Wagner, D. Mauricio
Summary: This study found that LADA patients have similar genetic characteristics to those diagnosed with T1DM after the age of 30, but fewer risk alleles than those diagnosed before the age of 30. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between LADA and other types of diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Thomas Eggermann, Florian Kraft, Eva Lausberg, Katrin Ergezinger, Erdmute Kunstmann
Summary: This study identified a family with a 132 bp deletion within the KCNQ1OT1 gene, which is associated with growth retardation when paternally transmitted but results in a normal phenotype when maternally inherited. Comparisons with cases from the literature helped to determine the functional relevance of this microdeletion within the paternal imprinting center 2 affecting the KCNQ1OT1 gene.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Luca Bonadies, Alberto Papi, Eugenio Baraldi
Summary: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation, starting in childhood and possibly continuing into adulthood.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Max Drabkin, Matan M. Jean, Yael Noy, Daniel Halperin, Yuval Yogev, Ohad Wormser, Regina Proskorovski-Ohayon, Vadim Dolgin, Noam Levaot, Vlad Brumfeld, Shira Ovadia, Mor Kishner, Udi Kazenell, Karen B. Avraham, Ilan Shelef, Ohad S. Birk
Summary: This study identifies a variant in the SMARCA4 gene as a possible cause of otosclerosis, leading to hearing impairment and abnormal bone formation in the auditory bullae. Through genetic studies and CRISPR mutant mouse models, researchers confirmed the association between this variant and otosclerosis. This finding is significant for understanding the molecular genetic pathophysiology of otosclerosis and developing treatment strategies.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Ergonomics
Gaojian Huang, Ya-Hsin Hung, Robert W. Proctor, Brandon J. Pitts
Summary: Globally, the aging population, especially those aged 65 and older, is growing rapidly. This study examines the effects of non-chronological age factors and self-perceived driving abilities on the acceptance of autonomous vehicles (AVs) among different age groups. The findings show that younger drivers, with higher educational attainment, higher social support, and lower self-perceived driving abilities, are more willing to accept AVs.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Tina H. Tran, James B. Hayden, Aaron M. Gazendam, Michelle Ghert, Kenneth R. Gundle, Yee-Cheen Doung, PARITY Invest
Summary: Although the treatment of lower-extremity bone tumors is similar between adult and pediatric patients, pediatric patients have significantly better functional outcomes at nearly all of the included postoperative time points. However, at 1 year postoperatively, both pediatric and adult patients show similar mean improvement in these outcomes.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
(2023)