Article
Neurosciences
Arash Nazeri, Zeljka Krsnik, Ivica Kostovi, Sung Min Ha, Janja Kopic, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Sydney Kaplan, Dominique Meyer, Joan L. Luby, Barbara B. Warner, Cynthia E. Rogers, Deanna M. Barch, Joshua S. Shimony, Robert C. McKinstr, Jeffrey J. Neil, Christopher D. Smyser, Aristeidis Sotiras
Summary: This study used unsupervised multivariate pattern analysis to analyze a large sample of magnetic resonance imaging data, revealing coordinated patterns of white matter maturation during the early postnatal period and the contributions of microstructural indices. By comparing the findings with histological features, it provides a concise and effective representation of early postnatal white matter reorganization.
Article
Neurosciences
Madeline Peterson, Molly B. D. Prigge, Erin D. Bigler, Brandon Zielinski, Jace B. King, Nicholas Lange, Andrew Alexander, Janet E. Lainhart, Jared A. Nielsen
Summary: The study found no significant increase in extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid volume in autistic individuals beyond the age of four, compared to controls.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Emily Spackman, Luke Smillie, Thomas W. Frazier, Antonio Y. Hardan, Gail A. Alvares, Andrew Whitehouse, Mirko Uljarevic
Summary: The study explores the characteristics of restricted interests (RI) and unusual interests (UI) in autistic children and adolescents, and their associations with age, sex, IQ, and social motivation. The findings suggest that RI and UI have distinct patterns of association and should be studied independently in future research.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Laura Graham Holmes, Ziming Xuan, Emily Quinn, Reid Caplan, Amelia Sanchez, Peter Wharmby, Calliope Holingue, Sharon Levy, Emily F. Rothman
Summary: Repeated and hazardous alcohol use occurs among autistic youth, with 15% reporting heavy episodic drinking and 9.3% screening positive for hazardous drinking. Factors such as diagnosis of depression, bullying or exclusion histories were positively associated with increased alcohol use among autistic youth. However, autistic youth who put more effort into masking autistic traits were less likely to report high levels of alcohol use compared to their non-autistic peers. Autistic youth drink for coping purposes at similar rates as non-autistic youth, but drink less for social reasons, to conform, or to enhance experiences.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Puyu Li, Jiayue Cheng, Qiumeng Gu, Pei Wang, Zhiguang Lin, Qing Fan, Jue Chen, Zhen Wang
Summary: The study found that unmedicated OCD patients showed significantly lower mBDNF, proBDNF plasma levels, and M/P ratio compared to healthy controls. Positive associations were found between stress and early trauma, and between early trauma and M/P ratio, while negative correlations included proBDNF and stress, as well as proBDNF and early trauma.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laurie-Anne Sapey-Triomphe, Lauren Pattyn, Veith Weilnhammer, Philipp Sterzer, Johan Wagemans
Summary: This study reveals that predictive mechanisms have an impact on behavior and perception at the neural level in both neurotypical and autistic adults, and are hierarchically encoded in the brain. These findings help to understand the neural specificities of atypical predictive processing in autism spectrum disorders.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Sophie Jullien
Summary: This study reviewed existing recommendations and evidence on screening young children for autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and found discrepancies among institutions regarding universal screening. While some evidence shows benefits of early interventions for children with developmental concerns, no evidence was found on the effectiveness of interventions applied to children with ASD detected through screening.
Article
Psychiatry
Yuan Xiao, Wei Liao, Zhiliang Long, Bo Tao, Qiannan Zhao, Chunyan Luo, Carol A. Tamminga, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Godfrey D. Pearlson, Brett A. Clementz, Elliot S. Gershon, Elena I. Ivleva, Sarah K. Keedy, Bharat B. Biswal, Andrea Mechelli, Rebekka Lencer, John A. Sweeney, Su Lui, Qiyong Gong
Summary: The study identified distinct subgroups of schizophrenia patients based on structural brain features, representing important progress for studies of illness neurobiology and potential clinical trials. Using unsupervised cluster analysis, a stable classification pattern of three subgroups was found, with subgroup 1 in midcourse schizophrenia patients showing worse cognitive functions compared to subgroup 3.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Rachel K. Myers, Christina Labows, Benjamin E. Yerys, Catherine C. McDonald, Emma B. Sartin, Cynthia J. Mollen, Allison E. Curry
Summary: This study surveyed healthcare providers to explore the extent to which they discuss transition-to-adulthood topics with autistic patients without intellectual disabilities. The results indicate that many providers delay and feel unprepared to provide anticipatory guidance for autistic patients. Enhancing available resources and preparation for healthcare providers is crucial to meet the needs of autistic patients.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xin Yi Yeo, Woo Ri Chae, Hae Ung Lee, Han-Gyu Bae, Sven Pettersson, Joanes Grandjean, Weiping Han, Sangyong Jung
Summary: The relationship between maternal and early-life gut microbiome and brain development has a significant impact on the health outcomes of offspring later in life.
Article
Neurosciences
Ruike Chen, Cong Sun, Tingting Liu, Yuhao Liao, Junyan Wang, Yi Sun, Yi Zhang, Guangbin Wang, Dan Wu
Summary: This study used fetal brain dMRI atlas to investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of white matter development, and found complex non-monotonic trends in microstructural parameters of eight white matter tracts, providing reference for diagnosing abnormal fetal white matter development.
Article
Psychiatry
Joost Janssen, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Clara Alloza, Anouck Schippers, Lucia de Hoyos, Javier Santonja, Pedro M. Gordaliza, Elizabeth E. L. Buimer, Neeltje E. M. van Haren, Wiepke Cahn, Celso Arango, Rene S. Kahn, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol, Hugo G. Schnack
Summary: Schizophrenia is a biologically complex disorder with regional deficits in cortical brain morphology, and patients show greater interindividual heterogeneity in cortical morphological metrics compared to healthy controls. By focusing on individual differences in cortical morphological deficits, rather than group averages, homogeneous subgroups can be identified. The study extended the person-based similarity index (PBSI) to assess morphometric similarity in patients with schizophrenia, revealing that a subgroup with significantly deviant PBSI-SW exhibited extreme deficits in cognitive performance and cortical sulcation. The reduction of PBSI-SW in schizophrenia patients relative to healthy controls was primarily driven by these deviating individuals, suggesting the feasibility of neuroimaging-driven subgrouping for clinical populations.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
William J. Tate, Laura C. Polding, Soren Christensen, Michael Mlynash, Stephanie Kemp, Jeremy J. Heit, Michael P. Marks, Gregory W. Albers, Maarten G. Lansberg
Summary: In this study, poor collaterals were found to predict early infarct growth in patients, while absence of reperfusion was predictive of late infarct growth. These results emphasize the importance of timely reperfusion therapy, especially in patients with poor collaterals, and indicate that the 24-hour timepoint is too early to assess the full impact of reperfusion therapy on infarct growth.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yaqing Chen, Paromita Dubey, Hans-Georg Muller, Muriel Bruchhage, Jane-Ling Wang, Sean Deoni
Summary: In this study, the PACE approach was used to investigate the evolution of gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid volumes in 446 children aged between 1 and 120 months. Dynamic associations between brain development and cognitive functioning were analyzed for each child, revealing age-varying growth percentiles and predicting individual trajectories of brain development.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaonan Guo, Xujun Duan, John Suckling, Jia Wang, Xiaodong Kang, Heng Chen, Bharat B. Biswal, Jing Cao, Changchun He, Jinming Xiao, Xinyue Huang, Runshi Wang, Shaoqiang Han, Yun-Shuang Fan, Jing Guo, Jingping Zhao, Lijie Wu, Huafu Chen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the structural alterations in the autistic brain during early childhood, and found spatially distributed increases in gray matter volume in the autism group compared to typically developing children. Additionally, atypical neurodevelopment of the fusiform face area was observed in the autistic brain, with altered developmental effects on the social brain network regions.
