Article
Clinical Neurology
Erik Kaestner, Jun Rao, Allen J. J. Chang, Zhong Irene Wang, Robyn M. M. Busch, Simon S. S. Keller, Theodor Ruber, Daniel L. L. Drane, Travis Stoub, Ezequiel Gleichgerrcht, Leonardo Bonilha, Kyle Hasenstab, Carrie McDonald
Summary: This study explores the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on T1-weighted MRI images to determine seizure laterality in patients with epilepsy. The CNN model achieves an average concordance of 78% with clinician lateralization, with the best-performing model reaching 89% concordance. The CNN outperforms random and hippocampal volume models, and extratemporal lobe features contribute to the classification.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Cansel Ficici, Ziya Telatar, Osman Erogul
Summary: A method analyzing gray matter reduction in brain magnetic resonance images was proposed to identify epileptogenic focus of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm can reveal subtle Gray matter reduction in the temporal lobe and limbic lobe areas, thus providing an automated medical support system for the expert in identifying the epileptic focus of TLE patients.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Walter H. L. Pinaya, Cristina Scarpazza, Rafael Garcia-Dias, Sandra Vieira, Lea Baecker, Pedro F. da Costa, Alberto Redolfi, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Michela Pievani, Vince D. Calhoun, Joao R. Sato, Andrea Mechelli
Summary: The study evaluated normative models based on deep autoencoders using structural neuroimaging data from patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Patients exhibited deviations according to the severity of their clinical condition, with key brain regions identified as critical for calculating the deviation score. The normative model demonstrated comparable cross-cohort generalizability to traditional classifiers and the scripts and trained models are available to the wider research community for open science promotion.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiao-Ming Yan, Cui-Ping Xu, Yu-Ping Wang, Kai Ma, Tao Yu, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Xi Zhang, Run-Shi Gao, Guo-Jun Zhang, Yong-Jie Li
Summary: Patients with medial temporal lobe seizures had more favorable surgical outcomes and distinct SEEG features compared to patients with lateral temporal lobe seizures.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yu Kong, Nan Cheng, Feng-juan Qiu, Lei Yao, Ming Gao, An-qiang Chen, Qing-xia Kong, Gu-qing Zhang
Summary: This study demonstrates that multimodal MRI combined with PET metabolic parameters has high detection value in patients with TLE-DP and can provide independent prognostic information for those who undergo surgery.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Majdi Jber, Jafar Mehvari Habibabadi, Roya Sharifpour, Hengameh Marzbani, Masoud Hassanpour, Milad Seyfi, Neda Mohammadi Mobarakeh, Ahmedreza Keihani, Seyed Sohrab Hashemi-Fesharaki, Mohammadreza Ay, Mohammad-Reza Nazem-Zadeh
Summary: Patients with left TLE showed more prevalent and widespread changes in subcortical volumes and cortical thickness, mainly in the left hemisphere. Hippocampus, thalamus, and pallidum were vulnerable to TLE. Volume changes in hippocampus alone could lead to accurate lateralization of TLE.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ji Hye Shin, Min Ji Song, Ji Hyun Kim
Summary: This study examined the effect of valproate (VPA) on brain volume in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. The results showed that patients taking VPA had significant gray matter volume reduction in various brain regions compared to the control group. This finding suggests that the use of VPA may lead to brain volume reductions in certain regions.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yishu Wang, Jing Peng, Shuwei Bai, Haojun Yu, Hong He, Chunxiang Fan, Yong Hao, Yangtai Guan
Summary: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the most common form of refractory epilepsy in adults, may require surgery to alleviate seizures. Research suggests that a mutation in the PIK3R2 gene may play a significant role in the development of TLE.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jitian Guan, Qiuyu Li, Zhuozhi Dai, Lingfeng Lai, Shuyi Sun, Yiqun Geng, Zhiwei Shen, Lan Luo, Yanlong Jia, Lin Yang, Yanyan Tang, Gen Yan, Renhua Wu
Summary: Vascular mild cognitive impairment (VMCI) is an early and reversible stage of dementia. This study used voxel-based morphometry to analyze the morphological characteristics of two common types of VMCI, periventricular white matter hyperintensities (PWMH) and strategic single infarctions (SSI), and found that PWMH patients had more similar gray matter atrophy characteristics to Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a higher risk of progression to dementia compared to SSI patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mohammed Elsherif, Ahmed Esmael
Summary: Cognitive impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy patients is associated with hippocampal atrophy and quantitative electroencephalography abnormalities, such as peak frequency, median frequency, and alpha-to-theta ratio. These markers can be used for early identification of cognitive impairment in these patients.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mani Ratnesh S. Sandhu, Benjamin F. Gruenbaum, Shaun E. Gruenbaum, Roni Dhaher, Ketaki Deshpande, Melissa C. Funaro, Tih-Shih W. Lee, Hitten P. Zaveri, Tore Eid
Summary: Glutamine synthetase (GS) in astrocytes plays a crucial role in epilepsy, with deficiency or dysfunction linked to various types of seizures. Experimental studies have shown that inhibition or deletion of GS in animals can lead to a syndrome resembling mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Elena A. Filimonova, Anton A. Pashkov, Galina I. Moysak, Anastasia Y. Tropynina, Svetlana Y. Zhanaeva, Anna A. Shvaikovskaya, Anna A. Akopyan, Konstantin V. Danilenko, Lyubomir I. Aftanas, Maria A. Tikhonova, Jamil A. Rzaev
Summary: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is a common focal epilepsy type that imposes a significant burden on the global healthcare system. Drug-resistant subjects account for approximately one-third of patients who do not respond well to pharmacotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hippocampal and serum levels of BDNF and hippocampal subfield volumes in drug-resistant mesial temporal epilepsy patients undergoing neurosurgical treatment. The findings suggest a proepileptic nature of BDNF effects in the hippocampus and related structures.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Erik Kaestner, Anny Reyes, Austin Chen, Jun Rao, Anna Christina Macari, Joon Yul Choi, Deqiang Qiu, Kelsey Hewitt, Zhong Irene Wang, Daniel L. Drane, Bruce Hermann, Robyn M. Busch, Vineet Punia, Carrie R. McDonald
Summary: Older adults with temporal lobe epilepsy show patterns of cortical atrophy and cognitive impairment similar to those with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, with both groups exhibiting memory and language impairments. Late-onset temporal lobe epilepsy patients have more consistent cortical thinning compared to early-onset patients.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nadim Jaafar, Amar Bhatt, Alexandra Eid, Mohamad Z. Koubeissi
Summary: Some surgical failures after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery may be caused by the presence of extratemporal epileptogenic zones, particularly in the medial parietal lobe. Seizures originating from this area may not cause obvious symptoms before spreading to the temporal lobe.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qian Zhang, XiaoLi Yang, ZhongKui Sun
Summary: This study explores the importance of classification features and experimental algorithms in early detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The results indicate that the combination of gray matter volume and lateralization index is an effective feature, and different classifier algorithms have varying performances in different subject groups. Combining the lateralization index with gray matter volume can significantly improve classification accuracy.
Article
Neurosciences
Elisavet Kaltsouni, Patrick M. Fisher, Manon Dubol, Steinar Hustad, Rupert Lanzenberger, Vibe G. Frokjaer, Johan Wikstrom, Erika Comasco, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa
Summary: PMDD is a psychiatric condition that affects about 5% of women in their reproductive age, characterized by emotional and physical impairments. This study showed that treating PMDD patients with SPRM resulted in enhanced brain reactivity during aggressive responses, particularly in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Sigrid Klotz, Franz Riederer, Nora Hergovich, Thomas Schlager, Lara Steinkellner, Elisabeth Fertl, Christoph Baumgartner, Matias Wagner, Alexander Zimprich, Ellen Gelpi
CLINICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ronald Sladky, Andreas Hahn, Inga-Lisa Karl, Nicole Geissberger, Georg S. Kranz, Martin Tik, Christoph Kraus, Daniela M. Pfabigan, Andreas Gartus, Rupert Lanzenberger, Claus Lamm, Christian Windischberger
Summary: Using dynamic causal modeling, this study investigated the central role of the OFC in regulating amygdala activation during emotional face processing, demonstrating that the OFC downregulates amygdala activation, rather than the DLPFC or VLPFC.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chrysoula Vraka, Matej Murgas, Lucas Rischka, Barbara Katharina Geist, Rupert Lanzenberger, Gregor Gryglewski, Thomas Zenz, Wolfgang Wadsak, Markus Mitterhauser, Marcus Hacker, Cecile Philippe, Verena Pichler
Summary: The study successfully demonstrated simultaneous production of two PET tracers in one module and simulated dual-tracer application for quantifying monoamine oxidase-A and serotonin transporter distribution. This approach has potential for decreasing radiation burden and costs in nuclear medicine while increasing PET scanner efficiency.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Sebastian Klug, Godber M. Godbersen, Lucas Rischka, Wolfgang Wadsak, Verena Pichler, Manfred Kloebl, Marcus Hacker, Rupert Lanzenberger, Andreas Hahn
Summary: The neurobiological basis of learning is reflected in adaptations of brain structure, network organization, and energy metabolism. Hierarchical network interactions contribute to improvements in the performance of a visuo-spatial processing task. Learning alters the top-down regulation of the salience network onto the occipital cortex, with increases in metabolic connectivity mapping (MCM) at resting-state and decreases during task execution. The divergence between resting-state and task-specific effects is associated with cognitive performance.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Arkadiusz Komorowski, Matej Murgas, Ramon Vidal, Aditya Singh, Gregor Gryglewski, Siegfried Kasper, Jens Wiltfang, Rupert Lanzenberger, Roberto Goya-Maldonado
Summary: The exploration of the spatial relationship between gene expression profiles and task-evoked response patterns known to be altered in neuropsychiatric disorders can guide the development of more targeted therapies. The identification of stable relationships between spatial gene expression profiles and fMRI data may reshape the prospects for imaging transcriptomics studies.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Matej Murgas, Paul Michenthaler, Murray Bruce Reed, Gregor Gryglewski, Rupert Lanzenberger
Summary: This study aims to investigate the ex vivo links between mRNA expression and corresponding receptor density in the human cerebral cortex. After analyzing the data using various methods, it was found that there are significant differences in the correlations between mRNA expression and receptor density, highlighting the need for caution when inferring the spatial distribution of molecular targets in the brain from transcriptome data.
Article
Psychiatry
Manon Dubol, Louise Stiernman, Johan Wikstrom, Rupert Lanzenberger, C. Neill Epperson, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa, Marie Bixo, Erika Comasco
Summary: This study found significant differences in brain morphology between PMDD patients and healthy controls, particularly in the ventral posterior cortices, cerebellum, right amygdala, and putamen. Machine learning analysis showed that PMDD patients can be accurately distinguished from controls based on grey matter morphology.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leo R. Silberbauer, Lucas Rischka, Chrysoula Vraka, Annette M. Hartmann, Godber Mathis Godbersen, Cecile Philippe, Daniel Pacher, Lukas Nics, Manfred Klobl, Jakob Unterholzner, Thomas Stimpfl, Wolfgang Wadsak, Andreas Hahn, Marcus Hacker, Dan Rujescu, Siegfried Kasper, Rupert Lanzenberger, Gregor Gryglewski
Summary: The study measured serotonin transporter occupancy after infusion of citalopram and evaluated the impact of genetic variants on drug target engagement. The results showed that carriers of the minor allele of the ABCB1 rs2235015 gene and male participants had lower SERT occupancy. The findings suggest the potential of combining genotype and clinical variables to predict drug occupancy and highlight the role of imaging-genetics in precision pharmacotherapy.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Heiko Pohl, Patrik Wyss, Peter S. Sandor, Jean Schoenen, Roger Luechinger, Ruth O'Gorman, Franz Riederer, Andreas R. Gantenbein, Lars Michels
Summary: This study examined the levels of GABA and GLX in the early visual cortex of episodic migraine patients and their response to tDCS. The results showed that tDCS reduced the concentration of GABA but not GLX or migraine frequency immediately after the stimulation, although this effect was not observed 4 months later. The changes in GABA levels in the early visual cortex during the interictal period suggest that tDCS may have an impact on migraine frequency.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
B. Spurny-Dworak, M. B. Reed, P. Handschuh, T. Vanicek, M. Spies, W. Bogner, R. Lanzenberger
Summary: Seasonal changes in neurotransmitter systems were explored in 159 healthy individuals, and the results indicated that glutamate and GABA levels remain stable throughout the year in healthy individuals, without the need for seasonal correction.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Peter Stohrmann, Godber Mathis Godbersen, Murray Bruce Reed, Jakob Unterholzner, Manfred Klobl, Pia Baldinger-Melich, Thomas Vanicek, Andreas Hahn, Rupert Lanzenberger, Siegfried Kasper, Georg S. Kranz
Summary: This longitudinal study investigated the effect of bilateral sequential theta-burst stimulation (TBS) on functional connectivity (FC) in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Results showed that both active and sham stimulation groups exhibited reductions in depression scores, with no significant difference between the two groups. Baseline FC between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the subgenual cingulate cortex (sgACC) was correlated with changes in depression severity. TBS significantly reduced FC between the left stimulation target and bilateral anterior insula, highlighting the effect on the salience network.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Murray B. Reed, Patricia A. Handschuh, Manfred Kloebl, Melisande E. Konadu, Ulrike Kaufmann, Andreas Hahn, Georg S. Kranz, Marie Spies, Rupert Lanzenberger
Summary: This study investigated the effects of sex steroids on insular connectivity. The findings showed increased connectivity in transgender women receiving gender-affirming hormone therapy. Additionally, gender-affirming hormone therapy led to changes in alexithymia in transgender women.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Heiko Pohl, Peter S. Sandor, Marius Moisa, Christian C. Ruff, Jean Schoenen, Roger Luechinger, Ruth O'Gorman, Franz Riederer, Andreas R. Gantenbein, Lars Michels
Summary: Cerebral blood flow differs between migraine patients and healthy controls, and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can modulate brain perfusion in migraine patients. tDCS can increase blood flow in regions processing visual stimuli in the short term, but the effect is not sustained.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raphaela Muri, Stephanie Maissen-Abgottspon, Murray Bruce Reed, Roland Kreis, Maike Hoefemann, Piotr Radojewski, Katarzyna Pospieszny, Michel Hochuli, Roland Wiest, Rupert Lanzenberger, Roman Trepp, Regula Everts
Summary: Despite increasing knowledge about the effects of phenylketonuria on brain structure and function, it is uncertain whether white matter microstructure is affected and if it is linked to patients' metabolic control or cognitive performance. This study quantitatively assessed white matter characteristics in adults with phenylketonuria and their relationship to brain and blood phenylalanine levels, historical metabolic control, and cognitive performance.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)