Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Salma M. Boubakar Khalifa Albargathe, Ersin Kamberli, Fatma Kandemirli, Javad Rahebi
Summary: This study utilized the H-minima transform for blood vessel segmentation in retinal images, achieving good results and performance. The method showed remarkable performance on pathological retinal images, with an average accuracy of 0.9591 and 0.9672 for STARE dataset and DRIVE dataset respectively. The running time of the method was 1 second per image.
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiantong Qiu, Xin Chen, Peng Xiao, Liqiang Wang, Wenhua Li
Summary: In this study, the potential toxicity and underlying mechanisms of FLU on aquatic organisms were investigated using zebrafish embryos as a model organism. The results showed that FLU can cause microphthalmia in zebrafish embryos by inducing retinal cell apoptosis, indicating its developmental toxicity.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xueying Ma, Yizhe Dai, Tiantong Qiu, Xin Chen, Peng Xiao, Wenhua Li
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adverse effects of amisulbrom on retinal development in zebrafish. Zebrafish embryos were treated with different concentrations of amisulbrom and showed phenotypic abnormalities, dysregulation of gene transcription levels related to retinal cell layer differentiation, increased retinal apoptosis, and changes in glutathione and malondialdehyde content. These findings demonstrate the toxicity of amisulbrom to eye development and its potential ecotoxicological impacts on aquatic species.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Hsiung-Cheng Lin, Sheng-Xi Xiao
Summary: Oral administration is the most commonly used drug delivery method in disease treatment, but the visual defects of tablets can greatly impact their effectiveness. Therefore, identifying tablet defects before bottling is a crucial issue in the pharmaceutical industry. However, there is currently a lack of simple and effective mechanisms to tackle this problem in the industry.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Oliver Vocking, Jakub K. Famulski
Summary: Within a short period of time, single cell transcriptome analyses have become widely used in transcriptomic research to uncover detailed information and enhance our molecular understanding of biological processes. The use of zebrafish as a model organism for single cell transcriptome analyses has advantages in eye research, such as similarities to the human eye and the ability to collect sufficient numbers of developing cells. The practicality of zebrafish as a model organism, combined with efficient genetic knockout methods, offers great potential for deepening our molecular understanding of various organ systems.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giyoung Lee, Amit Banik, Juneyong Eum, Byung Joon Hwang, Seung-Hae Kwon, Yun Kee
Summary: Ipconazole, a widely used agricultural fungicide, has the potential to alter neurodevelopment by dysregulating mitochondrial homeostasis in zebrafish embryos. It was found that ipconazole exposure reduced locomotive activity and dysregulated GABAergic inhibitory neurons, while leaving glutamatergic excitatory and dopaminergic neurons unaffected. Molecular profiling revealed oxidative stress and reduced expression of mitochondria-related genes. Furthermore, ipconazole treatment caused cell death independent of caspase activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
B. V. D. S. Sekhar, Alok Kumar Jagadev
Summary: This paper implements the detection of early-stage Alzheimer's disease based on MRI using the deep learning technique U-Net and EfficientNet. Accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is crucial for treatment, especially in the early stages of the disease for preventive measures. Computer vision plays a vital role in human health by reducing the need for human judgement and providing accurate results.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Mohamed S. El Tokhy
Summary: The availability of forged image software has led to the need for the verification of digital image integrity in various industrial and medical applications. Detecting small tampering and duplicated forgery in digital radiography images has become a challenging task. Two approaches are proposed for forgery detection, one using pretrained CNNs for feature extraction and classification, and the other using Haralick and Zoning extractors with the KNN classifier. The methods are tested on manipulated industrial and medical datasets, as well as color benchmark datasets, and show high accuracy and agreement with evaluation metrics.
APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatsuhiro Ayabe, Chika Takahashi, Rena Ohya, Yasuhisa Ano
Summary: Beta-lactolin improves mitochondrial functions and prevents neuronal cell death in Alzheimer's disease-related neuronal cell models, demonstrating its advantage in maintaining neuronal health.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Laura DeOliveira-Mello, Diego Baronio, Pertti Panula
Summary: Prenatal exposure to VPA in zebrafish leads to delay in visual system development and sleep disturbances, along with a reduction in certain cell populations associated with ASD.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhangji Dong, Xu Chen, Yuanyuan Li, Run Zhuo, Xiaona Lai, Mei Liu
Summary: The study revealed that mutation of the zebrafish Fignl2 gene leads to heart issues, visual impairment, and abnormal behavior, affecting branching growth of both blood vessels and neurons.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Rani Barbara, Madhu Nagathihalli Kantharaju, Ravid Haruvi, Kyle Harrington, Takashi Kawashima
Summary: Understanding the interaction of neurons in the brain is crucial for controlling animal behaviors. Recently, whole-brain imaging methods in zebrafish have been developed to record neural activity with single-cell resolution. However, the reliance on commercially developed software has made it challenging to disseminate and develop the technology. In this study, PyZebrascope, an open-source Python platform, is introduced for neural activity imaging in zebrafish using light-sheet microscopy. It provides intuitive user interfaces, supports whole-brain imaging features, and has a modular architecture for advanced algorithms and image processing. PyZebrascope enables whole-brain neural activity imaging in a virtual reality environment, facilitating the advancement of light-sheet microscopy techniques in neuroscience research.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose-Andres C. Portillo, Jin-Sang Yu, Samuel Hansen, Timothy S. Kern, M. Cecilia Subauste, Carlos S. Subauste
Summary: Inhibition of the CD40-TRAF2,3 pathway is a novel and potent approach to reduce CD40-induced inflammation, while likely diminishing the risk of opportunistic infections.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Xiaoqing Fan, Haoran Yang, Lizhu Hu, Delong Wang, Ruiting Wang, Aijun Hao, Xueran Chen
Summary: Propofol impairs the specification of retinal cell types in zebrafish, mainly through the inhibition of Zisp expression, which affects neuronal and glial cell formation in the retina. This study establishes a direct link between anesthetic agent propofol and protein palmitoylation in the regulation of neuronal development.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Manoj Kumar Sharma, Vikas Kumar, Debdoot Sheet, Prabir Kumar Biswas
Summary: Abnormality detection helps reduce manual data processing, but detecting and localizing contextual abnormality in image and video sequences face challenges. The proposed method combines CNN and adversarial autoencoder to locate contextual abnormality, leveraging spatial arrangement between objects across different channels. Experimental results show its superiority over the baseline approach.
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Carey E. Lyons, Xianxiao Zhou, Maria Razzoli, Mei Chen, Weiming Xia, Karen Ashe, Bin Zhang, Alessandro Bartolomucci
Summary: The study found that mice subjected to chronic psychosocial stress displayed widespread proteomic changes in the brain cortex, with some proteins showing similar expression patterns in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a link between stress and disease progression.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
SpiroAnthony Stathas, Victor E. Alvarez, Weiming Xia, Raymond Nicks, Gaoyuan Meng, Sarah Daley, Morgan Pothast, Arsal Shah, Hunter Kelley, Camille Esnault, Robert McCormack, Erin Dixon, Lucas Fishbein, Jonathan D. Cherry, Bertrand R. Huber, Yorghos Tripodis, Michael L. Alosco, Jesse Mez, Ann C. McKee, Thor D. Stein
Summary: In CTE, p-tau(202) is the most upregulated p-tau species, while p-tau(396) is most increased in AD. Measurements of p-tau(202) and p-tau(396) may aid in developing biomarkers for the diseases.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jiale Cheng, Xin Zhang, Hao Ni, Chenyang Li, Xiangmin Xu, Zhengwang Wu, Li Wang, Weili Lin, Gang Li
Summary: Studies have shown a strong connection between cognition skills and brain morphology during infancy. However, predicting individual cognitive scores using brain morphological features is challenging due to issues like high dimensionality, small sample size, and missing data. In this study, a novel neural network model called CF-PSNet is proposed to predict cognitive scores by exploring the hidden dynamic patterns of cortical features. The model leverages a compact feature set, handles missing data robustly, and selects influential brain regions. Experimental results on an infant dataset demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of CF-PSNet.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ying Wang, Mingfei Li, Lewis E. Kazis, Weiming Xia
Summary: There is a significant association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and increased risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality. Subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) defined by claims data exhibit poor clinical outcomes, but MCI was not found to be a risk factor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Prescribing angiotensin II receptor blockers was significantly associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 occurrence among AD/MCI patients.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Peter Morin, Mingfei Li, Ying Wang, Byron J. Aguilar, Dan Berlowitz, Amir Abbas Tahami Monfared, Michael Irizarry, Quanwu Zhang, Weiming Xia
Summary: This study analyzed clinical assessments of AD patients in the VA Healthcare System and evaluated the concordance between subjective and objective assessments. The study found that in the mild AD cohort, objective test scores indicated a higher severity level in 40% of cases compared to clinician assessments. The proportion of concordant notes was higher in visits to dementia clinics.
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Dan Hu, Weiming Xia, Howard L. Weiner
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Wei, Sophie T. Yount, Zachary D. Allen, Katherine F. Bechdol, Weiming Xia, Huanbiao Mo, Angela M. Mabb
Summary: Synaptic dysfunction is a common feature of aging and neurological disorders, and dysregulation of AMPA receptors is an underlying mechanism. Tocotrienols, vitamin E molecules, have been shown to improve cognitive function and reduce amyloid secretion. The study found that 8-tocotrienol increased surface levels of GluA1, decreased phosphorylation of GluA1 at Serine 845, and enhanced AMPA receptor-mediated neurotransmission. These findings suggest that 8-tocotrienol may be beneficial in ameliorating synaptic dysfunction.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Kirsch, Arsal Shah, Erin Dixon, Hunter Kelley, Jonathan D. Cherry, Weiming Xia, Sarah Daley, Nurgul Aytan, Kerry Cormier, Carol Kubilus, Rebecca Mathias, Victor E. Alvarez, Bertrand R. Huber, Ann C. McKee, Thor D. Stein
Summary: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by p-tau deposits, and this study explores the role of vascular injury markers in its pathogenesis. The researchers found that ICAM1, VCAM1, and CRP levels were elevated in CTE compared to controls, and these markers increased with RHI exposure duration and were associated with microglial density and tau pathology. Histologically, there was increased ICAM1 staining in high stage CTE. The findings suggest that vascular injury markers are associated with RHI exposure, microgliosis, and disease severity in CTE.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sahar Ahmad, Ye Wu, Zhengwang Wu, Kim-Han Thung, Siyuan Liu, Weili Lin, Gang Li, Li Wang, Pew-Thian Yap
Summary: Brain atlases serve as spatial references for integrating, processing, and analyzing brain features from different individuals, sources, and scales. This study introduces a collection of joint surface-volume atlases that map the postnatal development of the human brain in a densely spatiotemporal manner from two weeks to two years old. These atlases provide normative patterns and capture key traits of early brain development, enabling the identification of deviations from normal developmental trajectories. By facilitating the mapping of diverse features of the infant brain to a common reference frame, these atlases enhance our understanding of early structural and functional development by enabling precise quantification of cortical and subcortical changes.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Li Wang, Zhengwang Wu, Liangjun Chen, Yue Sun, Weili Lin, Gang Li
Summary: The human cerebral cortex goes through significant development during early postnatal stages. However, it is challenging to accurately process and quantify infant brain development due to low tissue contrast and inter-site data heterogeneity in infant brain MRI scans. To address these challenges, we propose a robust computational pipeline that utilizes deep learning techniques. The pipeline can handle different imaging protocols and scanners and has demonstrated superior effectiveness and accuracy compared to existing methods.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Peter J. Morin, Quanwu Zhang, Weiming Xia, Donald Miller, Henry Querfurth, Amir Abbas Tahami Monfared
Summary: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) have approved the use of FDA-approved anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment under coverage with evidence development (CED) in the US. However, CED schemes face challenges in administrative and implementation issues, and the complexity of AD and its care pathway pose scientific challenges for evaluating CED schemes. This article discusses these challenges and presents clinical findings from the US Veterans Affairs healthcare system as examples.
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael L. Alosco, Monica Ly, Sydney Mosaheb, Nicole Saltiel, Madeline Uretsky, Yorghos Tripodis, Brett Martin, Joseph Palmisano, Lisa Delano-Wood, Mark W. Bondi, Gaoyuan Meng, Weiming Xia, Sarah Daley, Lee E. Goldstein, Douglas Katz, Brigid Dwyer, Daniel H. Daneshvar, Christopher Nowinski, Robert C. Cantu, Neil W. Kowall, Robert A. Stern, Victor E. Alvarez, Jesse Mez, Bertrand Russell Huber, Ann C. McKee, Thor D. Stein
Summary: American football players and others exposed to repetitive head impacts may experience cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms later in life. This study found a link between myelin integrity and risk factors, as well as clinical outcomes in brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts from American football.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Fan Wang, Han Zhang, Zhengwang Wu, Dan Hu, Zhen Zhou, Jessica B. Girault, Li Wang, Weili Lin, Gang Li
Summary: In this study, the authors developed the first set of infant-specific, fine-grained cortical functional parcellation maps using 1064 high-resolution longitudinal rs-fMRIs from 197 typically developing infants and toddlers. The cortical co-registration and alignment of functional connectivity maps allowed for the generation of over 800 fine-grained parcels, revealing complex functional developmental patterns in infant brains.
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Viha Vig, Fatima Tuz-Zahra, Yorghos Tripodis, Jia Xu, Weiming Xia, Goayuan Meng, Thor D. Stein, Manju L. Subramanian
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Minali Prasad, Joshua Agranat, Jia Xu, Weiming Xia, Sarah Daley, Steven Ness, Xuejing Chen, Nicole H. Siegel, Thor D. Stein, Jaeyoon Chung, Manju L. Subramanian
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)