Article
Neurosciences
Philipp Deutsch, Stefan Czoschke, Cora Fischer, Jochen Kaiser, Christoph Bledowski
Summary: Working memory allows for temporary storage of relevant information for behavior. Sensory cortex is involved in maintaining working memory contents, but it is unclear how sensory regions maintain memory representations in the presence of distracting stimuli. This study used fMRI to examine auditory working memory and active distractor processing. The results showed that pitch-specific memory information could be decoded in auditory cortex without distraction, but dropped to chance level during distraction. There was also evidence of memory content-specific activity in higher cortical regions during active distraction. These findings question the involvement of early auditory cortex in maintaining distractor-resistant working memory contents.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Monika Graumann, Lara A. Wallenwein, Radoslaw M. Cichy
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of spatial attention on object location representations, and identified processing stages in time and space through EEG and fMRI experiments. The results showed that spatial attention modulated location representations during late processing stages ( > 150 ms, in middle and high ventral visual stream areas) independent of background condition. This study clarified the processing stage at which attention modulates object location representations in the ventral visual stream and demonstrated that attentional modulation is a cognitive process separate from recurrent processes related to the processing of objects on cluttered backgrounds.
Article
Neurosciences
Ke Bo, Lihan Cui, Siyang Yin, Zhenhong Hu, Xiangfei Hong, Sungkean Kim, Andreas Keil, Mingzhou Ding
Summary: This study investigates the temporal dynamics of affective scene processing in the brain using simultaneous EEG-fMRI recordings. The results show that perceptual processing of complex scenes begins in early visual cortex within 80 ms, followed by the ventral visual cortex at 100 ms. Affect-specific neural representations start to form between 200-300 ms, supported mainly by occipital and temporal cortices. These representations are stable and last up to 2 seconds, indicating the involvement of distributed brain areas in sustaining affective scene processing.
Article
Neurosciences
Sung-Jo Lim, Christiane Thiel, Bernhard Sehm, Lorenz Deserno, Joeran Lepsien
Summary: Redirecting attention to objects in working memory can enhance their representational fidelity. This fMRI study found that valid retro-cues increased neural activation in fronto-parietal and cingulo-opercular networks, resulting in faster and more sensitive recall of acoustic details of memorized syllables. The cued auditory object was decodable from superior temporal sulcus, fronto-parietal, and sensorimotor regions. The neural fidelity in the left superior temporal sulcus and its enhancement through attention to-memory best predicted individuals' gain in auditory memory recall precision.
Article
Neurosciences
Jerome-Alexis Chevalier, Tuan-Binh Nguyen, Joseph Salmon, Gael Varoquaux, Bertrand Thirion
Summary: A new statistical-testing framework is proposed for brain imaging decoding, along with a decoding procedure called EnCluDL that can control error rates. Through empirical study, it is shown that EnCluDL exhibits the best recovery properties while ensuring expected statistical control.
Article
Neurosciences
Vesa Putkinen, Sanaz Nazari-Farsani, Kerttu Seppala, Tomi Karjalainen, Lihua Sun, Henry K. Karlsson, Matthew Hudson, Timo T. Heikkila, Jussi Hirvonen, Lauri Nummenmaa
Summary: The study observed that music-induced emotions and emotions elicited by biologically significant events engage different neural circuits, with music activating auditory, somatosensory, and motor cortices, cingulate gyrus, insula, and precuneus. In contrast, emotionally evocative film clips activate limbic and cortical regions implicated in emotional processing.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ran Li, Tyler K. Perrachione, Jason A. Tourville, Swathi Kiran
Summary: This study investigated the differences in brain activation patterns between semantically typical and atypical items in healthy adults and individuals with aphasia, revealing a significant modulation of semantic typicality in the visual cortex in healthy individuals, but to a lesser extent in the same region in individuals with aphasia.
Article
Neurosciences
Kerri M. Bailey, Bruno L. Giordano, Amanda L. Kaas, Fraser W. Smith
Summary: Neurons in the earliest sensory regions of cortex are influenced by contextual factors from both within and across modalities. Recent work has shown that primary sensory areas can respond to and discriminate stimuli that are not of their target modality. This study found that simply hearing sounds depicting familiar hand-object interactions can elicit different activity patterns in the primary somatosensory cortex, highlighting the rich contextual information that can be transmitted across sensory modalities.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Binglin Fan, Peirong Wu, Xia Zhou, Zexiang Chen, Linlin Pang, Ke Shi, Jinou Zheng
Summary: This study found a correlation between abnormal homotopic connectivity and cognitive impairment in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis showed a significant decrease in homotopic connectivity compared to healthy controls, particularly in regions such as the cerebellum, para-hippocampal gyrus, insula, precuneus, and middle frontal gyrus. The findings suggest that interhemispheric functional imbalance plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction in this condition.
Article
Biology
Chunyu Liu, Yingying Wang, Xiaoyue Sun, Yizhou Wang, Fang Fang
Summary: This study suggests that functional connectivity (FC) patterns across brain regions contain emotional information beyond voxelwise activation (VA) patterns. FC-based decoding consistently outperformed VA-based decoding, and an emotion-representation network was identified for each basic emotion.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yun Liang, Ke Bo, Sreenivasan Meyyappan, Mingzhou Ding
Summary: This study compared the performance of SVM and CNN on the same datasets and found that CNN achieved consistently higher classification accuracies. The classification accuracies of SVM and CNN were generally not correlated, and the heatmaps derived from them did not overlap significantly.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ke Shi, Xiaomin Pang, Yiling Wang, Chunyan Li, Qijia Long, Jinou Zheng
Summary: The study investigated changes in the functional homotopy and further functional connectivity (FC) of the whole brain in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) using fMRI. Patients with TLE exhibited decreased functional coordination in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus and increased functional homotopy in the bilateral lingual gyrus compared to healthy controls. The MVPA showed that the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of classification were 68.49%, 66.67%, and 70.27%, respectively, with significant contributions from the temporal lobe, cerebellum, and parietal lobe.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yusuke Akamatsu, Keisuke Maeda, Takahiro Ogawa, Miki Haseyama
Summary: In this paper, a semi-supervised multi-view embedding approach is proposed to address the problem of zero-shot neural decoding. Additional images related to the target categories are utilized to exploit complementary information, and fMRI activity patterns are projected into a multi-view embedding space to rectify the projection domain shift problem. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms existing methods.
Article
Neurosciences
Severi Santavirta, Tomi Karjalainen, Sanaz Nazari-Farsani, Matthew Hudson, Vesa Putkinen, Kerttu Seppaelae, Lihua Sun, Enrico Glerean, Jussi Hirvonen, Henry K. Karlsson, Lauri Nummenmaa
Summary: In this study, fMRI was used to measure the brain activity of 97 healthy participants while watching movie clips with rich social content. Cluster analysis revealed 13 dimensions that described the social perceptual space. Various analysis methods were then used to map the processing of social information in the brain, revealing a distributed nature of social processing.
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel Kaiser, Rico Stecher, Katja Doerschner
Summary: This study investigated how expectations influence the temporal dynamics of cortical visual analysis for objects and their materials. The neural representations of expected and unexpected material behaviors were tracked using time-resolved EEG decoding. The results showed that both objects and materials were rapidly and consistently represented in the brain. Objects displaying unexpected behaviors were more successfully decoded than those displaying expected behaviors within 190 ms after impact, suggesting additional processing demands when expectations are violated. General signals of expectation fulfillment were found within the first 150 ms after impact. These findings provide new insights into the neural processing cascade underlying the analysis of real-world material behaviors.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Kim M. Anderson, Jasmine D. Haynes, Itunu Ilesanmi, Norma E. Conner
Summary: The study found that trauma-informed professional development for teachers led to changes in their understanding, responsiveness, and relationships with students, as well as changes in their personal responses beyond the classroom to their families and others. Access to students' inner emotional worlds helped change teachers' internal experiences and interactions with the outer world.
JOURNAL OF EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS PLACED AT RISK
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sibylle M. Winter, Katja Dittrich, Peggy Doerr, Judith Overfeld, Imke Moebus, Elena Murray, Gergana Karaboycheva, Christian Zimmermann, Andrea Knop, Manuel Voelkle, Sonja Entringer, Claudia Buss, John-Dylan Haynes, Elisabeth B. Binder, Christine Heim
Summary: This study examines the immediate impact of child maltreatment on health and developmental trajectories, finding that maltreated children exhibit greater psychiatric diagnoses, symptoms, impairments in development, and medical symptoms compared to nonmaltreated children. The severity of maltreatment and age at earliest exposure also predict adverse outcomes over time.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Claire Simmons, Paul Rehren, John-Dylan Haynes, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong
Summary: Debates on freedom of will and action in relation to moral responsibility have been ongoing for centuries. Based on previous research, the authors of this study proposed two hypotheses: that those who assert freedom do so in the context of freedom from constraint, while those who deny freedom do so in the context of freedom from determinism or inevitability. Through two online studies, they found support for their hypotheses in the first study, and evidence against a bypassing hypothesis in the second study.
CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ornella Billette, Gabriel Ziegler, Merita Aruci, Hartmut Schuetze, Jasmin M. Kizilirmak, Anni Richter, Slawek Altenstein, Claudia Bartels, Frederic Brosseron, Arturo Cardenas-Blanco, Philip Dahmen, Peter Dechent, Laura Dobisch, Klaus Fliessbach, Silka Dawn Freiesleben, Wenzel Glanz, Doreen Goeerss, John Dylan Haynes, Michael T. Heneka, Ingo Kilimann, Okka Kimmich, Luca Kleineidam, Christoph Laske, Andrea Lohse, Ayda Rostamzadeh, Coraline Metzger, Matthias H. Munk, Oliver Peters, Lukas Preis, Josef Priller, Klaus Scheffler, Anja Schneider, Annika Spottke, Eike Jakob Spruth, Alfredo Ramirez, Sandra Roeske, Nina Roy, Stefan Teipel, Michael Wagner, Jens Wiltfang, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Renat Yakupov, Peter Zeidman, Frank Jessen, Bjorn H. Schott, Emrah Duezel, Anne Maass
Summary: This study aimed to assess whether neuroimaging characteristics follow an inverted U-shaped pattern across the clinical spectrum of increased Alzheimer disease (AD) risk. The study found that novelty-related activity in the precuneus showed a nonlinear pattern, with higher activity in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but lower activity in patients with AD. The activity differences were not related to AD biomarkers or brain volume. However, hippocampal activity was reduced in patients with AD and related to AD biomarkers.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Lea Henke, Maja Guseva, Katja Wagemans, Doris Pischedda, John-Dylan Haynes, Georg Jahn, Silke Anders
Summary: Surgical face masks can reduce the spread of airborne pathogens but may also disrupt communication between individuals. This study compared the effects of face masks on facial emotion recognition in younger and older adults. The results showed that emotion recognition accuracy declined with age, and face masks reduced accuracy in both age groups. Surprisingly, there was no difference in the effects of face masks between younger and older participants.
COGNITIVE RESEARCH-PRINCIPLES AND IMPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ersin Ersoezlue, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Thomas Schneider-Axmann, Michael Wagner, Tommaso Ballarini, Maia Tato, Julia Utecht, Carolin Kurz, Boris Papazov, Selim Guersel, Lena Burow, Gabriele Koller, Sophia Stoecklein, Daniel Keeser, Claudia Bartels, Frederic Brosseron, Katharina Buerger, Arda C. Cetindag, Peter Dechent, Laura Dobisch, Michael Ewers, Klaus Fliessbach, Ingo Frommann, John D. Haynes, Michael T. Heneka, Daniel Janowitz, Ingo Kilimann, Luca Kleinedam, Christoph Laske, Franziska Maier, Coraline D. Metzger, Matthias H. Munk, Oliver Peters, Lukas Preis, Josef Priller, Alfredo Ramirez, Sandra Roeske, Nina Roy, Klaus Scheffler, Anja Schneider, Annika Spottke, Eike J. Spruth, Stefan Teipel, Jens Wiltfang, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Renat Yakupov, Emrah Duezel, Frank Jessen, Robert Perneczky
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is related to changes in brain functional connectivity. The underlying functional connectivity of lifelong experiences is still largely unknown. Higher lifetime activity estimates are associated with better intrinsic network connectivity within the default-mode network in individuals with AD spectrum disorders.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Adriana Boettcher, Alexis Zarucha, Theresa Koebe, Malo Gaubert, Angela Hoeppner, Slawek Altenstein, Claudia Bartels, Katharina Buerger, Peter Dechent, Laura Dobisch, Michael Ewers, Klaus Fliessbach, Silka Dawn Freiesleben, Ingo Frommann, John Dylan Haynes, Daniel Janowitz, Ingo Kilimann, Luca Kleineidam, Christoph Laske, Franziska Maier, Coraline Metzger, Matthias H. J. Munk, Robert Perneczky, Oliver Peters, Josef Priller, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Nina Roy, Klaus Scheffler, Anja Schneider, Annika Spottke, Stefan J. Teipel, Jens Wiltfang, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Renat Yakupov, Emrah Duezel, Frank Jessen, Sandra Roeske, Michael Wagner, Gerd Kempermann, Miranka Wirth
Summary: This study examines the association between musical instrument playing, cognitive abilities, and brain morphology in older adults. Results show that participants with musical activity perform better in various cognitive domains and have greater gray matter volume in certain brain areas.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Frederic Brosseron, Anne Maass, Luca Kleineidam, Kishore Aravind Ravichandran, Carl-Christian Kolbe, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Francesco Santarelli, Lisa M. Hasler, Roisin McManus, Christina Ising, Sandra Roske, Oliver Peters, Nicoleta-Carmen Cosma, Luisa-Sophie Schneider, Xiao Wang, Josef Priller, Eike J. Spruth, Slawek Altenstein, Anja Schneider, Klaus Fliessbach, Jens Wiltfang, Bjoern H. Schott, Katharina Buerger, Daniel Janowitz, Martin Dichgans, Robert Perneczky, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Stefan Teipel, Ingo Kilimann, Doreen Gorss, Christoph Laske, Matthias H. Munk, Emrah Duzel, Renat Yakupow, Laura Dobisch, Coraline D. Metzger, Wenzel Glanz, Michael Ewers, Peter Dechent, John Dylan Haynes, Klaus Scheffler, Nina Roy, Ayda Rostamzadeh, Annika Spottke, Alfredo Ramirez, David Mengel, Matthis Synofzik, Mathias Jucker, Eicke Latz, Frank Jessen, Michael Wagner, Michael T. Heneka
Summary: This study investigated the potential use of experimental inflammation markers in serum for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. The findings suggest that serum soluble AXL, IL-6, and YKL-40 are associated with AD pathology features, indicating that peripheral blood markers may correspond to specific stages of the disease.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Malo Gaubert, Andrea Dell'Orco, Catharina Lange, Antoine Garnier-Crussard, Isabella Zimmermann, Martin Dyrba, Marco Duering, Gabriel Ziegler, Oliver Peters, Lukas Preis, Josef Priller, Eike Jakob Spruth, Anja Schneider, Klaus Fliessbach, Jens Wiltfang, Bjoern H. Schott, Franziska Maier, Wenzel Glanz, Katharina Buerger, Daniel Janowitz, Robert Perneczky, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Stefan Teipel, Ingo Kilimann, Christoph Laske, Matthias H. Munk, Annika Spottke, Nina Roy, Laura Dobisch, Michael Ewers, Peter Dechent, John Dylan Haynes, Klaus Scheffler, Emrah Duezel, Frank Jessen, Miranka Wirth
Summary: This study compares the performance of different segmentation tools in large-scale multicenter studies on cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease and provides information on their application in multicenter research. The results show that the deep learning algorithm, when retrained, performs well in the multicenter context, but its performance is similar to traditional methods.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tommaso Ballarini, Elizabeth Kuhn, Sandra Roeske, Slawek Altenstein, Claudia Bartels, Friederike Buchholz, Katharina Buerger, Peter Dechent, Laura Dobisch, Michael Ewers, Klaus Fliessbach, Silka Dawn Freiesleben, Ingo Frommann, Tatjana Gabelin, Wenzel Glanz, Doreen Goerss, John Dylan Haynes, Enise I. Incesoy, Daniel Janowitz, Ingo Kilimann, Luca Kleineidam, Xenia Kobeleva, Christoph Laske, Andrea Lohse, Franziska Maier, Matthias H. Munk, Robert Perneczky, Oliver Peter, Josef Priller, Boris-Stephan Rauchman, Nina Roy, Klaus Scheffler, Anja Schneider, Bjorn H. Schott, Annika Spottke, Eike Jakob Sprut, Stefan Teipel, Jens Wiltfang, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Emrah Duezel, Frank Jessen, Michael Wagner
Summary: Previous studies have shown that bilingualism has a protective effect against dementia. This study aimed to investigate the impact of bilingualism at different life stages on cognition and brain structure in older adulthood. The findings revealed that bilingual individuals who used both languages in their early and middle life stages performed better in learning and memory tasks compared to monolinguals. However, there was no significant effect of bilingualism in the old life stage. These results suggest that bilingualism in early life may have a long-lasting protective effect on cognition and shape the brain to sustain cognitive performance in older adulthood.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nils Heinzinger, Anne Maass, David Berron, Renat Yakupov, Oliver Peters, Jochen Fiebach, Kersten Villringer, Lukas Preis, Josef Priller, Eike Jacob Spruth, Slawek Altenstein, Anja Schneider, Klaus Fliessbach, Jens Wiltfang, Claudia Bartels, Frank Jessen, Franziska Maier, Wenzel Glanz, Katharina Buerger, Daniel Janowitz, Robert Perneczky, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Stefan Teipel, Ingo Killimann, Doreen Goeerss, Christoph Laske, Matthias H. Munk, Annika Spottke, Nina Roy, Michael T. Heneka, Frederic Brosseron, Laura Dobisch, Michael Ewers, Peter Dechent, John Dylan Haynes, Klaus Scheffler, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Luca Kleineidam, Matthias Schmid, Moritz Berger, Emrah Duezel, Gabriel Ziegler
Summary: This study used voxel-based morphometry to validate the classification system of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. The results showed that early amyloid conversion is associated with brain volume loss, supporting the monotonic progression model of the amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration (ATN) system.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Maja Guseva, Carsten Bogler, Carsten Allefeld, John-Dylan Haynes
Summary: Randomness is a fundamental aspect of human behavior, and it can occur through both intrinsic random variability and explicit randomness in tasks. Studies have shown that humans struggle to deliberately produce random behavior but might perform better if randomness is only an implicit requirement. This study aimed to investigate how the exact instructions for eliciting randomness affect randomization performance.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joram Soch, Kai Goergen, Jakob Heinzle, John-Dylan Haynes
Summary: In this study, four right-handed, healthy subjects participated in a visual stimulation experiment where they viewed a dartboard-shaped flickering checkerboard stimulus. The dataset, available on OpenNeuro, includes functional magnetic resonance imaging data and region of interest maps for visual areas V1 to V4, allowing for accurate mapping of receptive fields across human visual cortex.
Article
Ophthalmology
Felix M. Toepfer, Riccardo Barbieri, Charlie M. Sexton, Xinhao Wang, Joram Soch, Carsten Bogler, John-Dylan Haynes
Summary: Sensory decision-making is often studied using categorical tasks, but most stimuli have continuous feature spaces. This study investigated biases in perceptual reports by comparing two response methods, and found strong systematic biases when reporting in a motor frame of reference, but not in a perceptual frame. A systematic misperception where subjects sometimes confuse the physical stimulus direction with its opposite direction was also detected. The more sensitive perceptual reporting method revealed that perceptual performance increases in both detection probability and precision with increasing levels of sensory evidence.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jelena Brasanac, Stefan Hetzer, Susanna Asseyer, Joseph Kuchling, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Kristin Ritter, Stefanie Gamradt, Michael Scheel, John-Dylan Haynes, Alexander U. Brandt, Friedemann Paul, Stefan M. Gold, Martin Weygandt
Summary: Researchers have found a link between central stress processing and T-cell stress hormone sensitivity in multiple sclerosis patients, which is related to disease severity. This suggests that altered CNS-immune system crosstalk in multiple sclerosis has clinical significance.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)