Article
Clinical Neurology
Ian Daly
Summary: This study proposes a new method to reduce physiological artifacts in EEG recordings during joint EEG-fMRI sessions by combining independent component analysis and fMRI-based head movement estimation. The method significantly decreases the influence of physiological artifacts and outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in removing these artifacts.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Isabelle Lambert, Nicolas Roehri, Julie Fayerstein, Bernard Giusiano, Bruno Colombet, Christian-George Benar, Fabrice Bartolomei
Summary: This study investigated changes in thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical connectivity during different sleep stages using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) recordings in humans. The results showed stronger connectivity between the thalamus and other brain regions during N2 and REM sleep compared to N3 sleep, while N3 sleep exhibited stronger cortico-cortical connectivity. The thalamus played a driving role in thalamo-insular connectivity during REM sleep.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jonathan Gallego-Rudolf, Maria Corsi-Cabrera, Luis Concha, Josefina Ricardo-Garcell, Erick Pasaye-Alcaraz
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of different BCG correction methods in preserving EEG spectral features, with results showing that ICA-based correction approaches were more beneficial for retaining EEG signal reactivity. Additionally, different correction methods had an impact on the results of EEG-informed fMRI analysis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhengwei Chen, Lijie Xiao, Haiyan Liu, Qingxiu Zhang, Quan Wang, You Lv, Yujia Zhai, Jun Zhang, Shanshan Dong, Xiue Wei, Liangqun Rong
Summary: VM patients exhibited altered functional connectivity between the thalamus and brain regions involved in pain, vestibular and visual processing. Specifically, there was reduced connectivity in thalamo-pain and thalamo-vestibular pathways, while enhanced connectivity in the thalamo-visual pathway. These findings suggest specific alterations in brain connectivity in VM patients that are related to their clinical features.
Article
Biology
Leslie D. Claar, Irene Rembado, Jacqulyn R. Kuyat, Simone Russo, Lydia C. Marks, Shawn R. Olsen, Christof Koch
Summary: This study predicts the presence of consciousness in volunteers and patients by stimulating the brain and analyzing the EEG responses. The researchers conducted similar experiments on mice and observed different patterns of cortical and thalamic responses during wakefulness, running, and anesthesia.
Article
Neurosciences
Yongxin Li, Jianping Wang, Xiao Wang, Qian Chen, Bing Qin, Jiaxu Chen
Summary: The study investigated alterations in thalamus morphology, functional activity, and connectivity in children with GTCS, finding both increased and decreased connectivity variability in thalamo-cortical networks. The dynamic restructuring of pathways connecting the thalamus suggests implications for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying GTCS in children.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saurabh Sonkusare, Ding Qiong, Yijie Zhao, Wei Liu, Ruoqi Yang, Alekhya Mandali, Luis Manssuer, Chencheng Zhang, Chunyan Cao, Bomin Sun, Shikun Zhan, Valerie Voon
Summary: Using intracranial electroencephalography, this study investigated the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and found that they play important roles in the emotion circuit. The three regions showed different emotion-induced responses and interactions. The results demonstrated greater broadband gamma activity in the negative condition, increased beta activity in the amygdala and OFC, and decreased beta activity in mPFC during the emotional picture viewing task. Furthermore, model-based computational analyses revealed unidirectional connectivity from mPFC to the amygdala and bidirectional communication between OFC-amygdala and OFC-mPFC.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Y. Maki, J. Natsume, Y. Ito, Y. Okai, E. Bagarinao, H. Yamamoto, S. Ogaya, T. Takeuchi, T. Fukasawa, F. Sawamura, T. Mitsumatsu, S. Maesawa, R. Saito, Y. Takahashi, H. Kidokoro
Summary: This study investigated the brain activities related to hypsarrhythmia and focal epileptiform discharges in children with West syndrome using simultaneous electroencephalography and fMRI recordings. The results showed positive blood oxygen level-dependent responses in the brainstem, thalami, basal ganglia, hippocampi, and multiple cerebral cortices, suggesting the propagation of epileptogenic activities from deep brain structures to neocortices. Additionally, activation of the hippocampus, thalamus, and brainstem was still observed in some patients after adrenocorticotropic hormone therapy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Y. Maki, J. Natsume, Y. Ito, Y. Okai, E. Bagarinao, H. Yamamoto, S. Ogaya, T. Takeuchi, T. Fukasawa, F. Sawamura, T. Mitsumatsu, S. Maesawa, R. Saito, Y. Takahashi, H. Kidokoro
Summary: This study investigated the brain activities related to hypsarrhythmia in children with West syndrome and found that positive blood oxygen level-dependent responses were seen in the brainstem, thalami, basal ganglia, hippocampi, and multiple cerebral cortices at onset. The findings suggest the propagation of epileptogenic activities from deep brain structures to neocortices.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yu Wang, Xinxin Yin, Zhouzhou Zhang, Jiejue Li, Wenyu Zhao, Zengcai Guo
Summary: This study reveals that the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical (CBTC) circuit in mice supports the formation of selective persistent activity, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of short-term memory. Optogenetic activation or inactivation of the basal ganglia output nucleus substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr)-to-thalamus pathway biased future licking choice, without affecting execution, indicating a crucial role in decision-making processes.
Review
Neurosciences
Catriona L. Scrivener
Summary: EEG and fMRI provide non-invasive measures of brain activity, offering different perspectives on brain function. Simultaneous recording aims to maximize their strengths, but separate recording sessions may have greater statistical power for detecting effects.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Valeria Oliva, Rob Gregory, Wendy-Elizabeth Davies, Lee Harrison, Rosalyn Moran, Anthony E. Pickering, Jonathan C. W. Brooks
Summary: Pain can be alleviated by shifting attention elsewhere, and the brainstem regions including locus coeruleus, rostral ventromedial medulla, and periaqueductal grey are involved in attentional analgesia. Functional interactions between these regions and the cortex modulate nociceptive input to reduce pain, particularly in situations requiring conflicting attentional demands.
Article
Cell Biology
Yaroslav Sych, Aleksejs Fomins, Leonardo Novelli, Fritjof Helmchen
Summary: By training mice in a tactile discrimination task, we found that the functional networks in the brain undergo dynamic reorganization and establish mesoscale network dynamics suitable for goal-oriented behavior.
Article
Neurosciences
Jinpeng Niu, Zihao Zheng, Ziqi Wang, Longchun Xu, Qingmin Meng, Xiaotong Zhang, Liangfeng Kuang, Shigang Wang, Li Dong, Jianfeng Qiu, Qing Jiao, Weifang Cao
Summary: Recent studies have demonstrated age-related changes in the functional interactions between the thalamus and cerebral cortices, and these changes are associated with decreased fluid intelligence.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Amin Dehghani, Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh, Gholam-Ali Hossein-Zadeh
Summary: Emotion regulation is crucial for human behavior and well-being. A new study explored the effectiveness of connectivity-based EEG neurofeedback in regulating emotions and found that it effectively improved signal change and connectivity in key emotion regulation regions, as well as increased EEG frontal asymmetry. This approach could be a promising alternative therapy for mental disorders.
Article
Neuroimaging
Yajuan Zhang, Qiong Xiang, Chu-Chung Huang, Jiajia Zhao, Yuchen Liu, Ching-Po Lin, Dengtang Liu, Chun-Yi Zac Lo
Summary: The effect of antipsychotic medications on the brain functions of patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) remains unclear. This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance images to examine the changes in brain function after antipsychotic treatment. The results showed that drug-naive FEP patients had different patterns of functional connectivity compared to healthy volunteers, especially involving the right thalamus. After two months of treatment, patients showed reductions in ReHo and nodal clustering in visual networks, indicating improvements in psychotic symptoms. However, the functional alterations at baseline were not fully modulated by antipsychotic medications, suggesting limited effects in regions involved in disease pathophysiology.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jie Zhang, Ye Yao, Jin-song Wu, Edmund T. Rolls, Ce-chen Sun, Ling-hao Bu, Jun-feng Lu, Ching-po Lin, Jian-feng Feng, Ying Mao, Liang-fu Zhou
Summary: This study used multi-modal neuroimaging analyses to localize the cortical regions and white matter tracts responsible for auditory language comprehension. The results showed that cortical areas in the posterior temporal lobe are crucial for language comprehension. The fiber integrity of the arcuate fasciculus and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus was strongly correlated with auditory comprehension and the grey matter volume of the inferior temporal and middle temporal gyri.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kuan-Ying Li, Chung-Yao Hsu, Yuan-Han Yang
Summary: Anti-seizure medications may have cognitive or behavioral adverse reactions, so it is important to consider this when choosing the right medication. Brivaracetam, a newer type of medication, is expected to have fewer neuropsychiatric adverse effects due to its mechanism of action. A review of studies showed that Brivaracetam has minimal impact on cognition and behavior compared to other anti-seizure medications.
KAOHSIUNG JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wei-Chih Yeh, Ying-Sheng Li, Chung-Yao Hsu
Summary: This study evaluated the differences in REM microstructure between patients with refractory and medically controlled epilepsy. The results showed that patients with refractory epilepsy had significantly decreased REM sleep, especially in the first and second sleep cycles. Additionally, the REM microstructure of patients with refractory epilepsy was also significantly affected.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shang-Hua N. Lin, Yun R. Lien, Kazuhisa Shibata, Yuka Sasaki, Takeo Watanabe, Ching-Po Lin, Li-Hung Chang
Summary: Numerous studies have shown that rTMS can modulate brain plasticity, but the mechanism underlying rTMS-induced plasticity may differ from that associated with learning. In this study, we compared the effects of high-frequency rTMS and visual training on plasticity in early visual areas using neuroimaging techniques. The results revealed significant differences in neurotransmitter concentration changes and the time course of the excitatory-to-inhibitory ratio between high-frequency rTMS and training conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chia-Lin Tsai, Kun-Hsien Chou, Pei-Lin Lee, Chih-Sung Liang, Chen-Yuan Kuo, Guan-Yu Lin, Yu-Kai Lin, Yi-Chih Hsu, Chien-An Ko, Fu-Chi Yang, Ching-Po Lin
Summary: This study found that individuals with SCD and migraine show hippocampal structural abnormalities and altered structural covariance within hippocampal subdivisions. Shared alterations in structural covariance were observed between the anterior hippocampus and inferior temporal gyri, as well as between the posterior hippocampus and precentral gyrus in both SCD and migraine. Furthermore, the structural covariance integrity of the posterior hippocampus-cerebellum axis was associated with the duration of SCD.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jiajia Zhao, Chu-Chung Huang, Yajuan Zhang, Yuchen Liu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ching-Po Lin, Chun-Yi Zac Lo
Summary: This study reveals the widespread connectivity abnormalities in both structural and functional brain circuits in individuals with schizophrenia. The abnormal signal transfer along the white matter pathways is found to be significantly associated with psychotic symptoms and illness duration in schizophrenia. This work supports the dysconnectivity hypothesis of schizophrenia and emphasizes the critical role of white matter networks in the pathophysiology of this disorder.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jun-Ding Zhu, Yung-Fu Wu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ching-Po Lin, Albert C. C. Yang
Summary: Brain-age prediction models were constructed using multimodal MRI, and deviations in aging trajectories in different brain regions of participants with schizophrenia were examined. The results showed accelerated aging in most gray matter regions, especially in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and insula. Deviations in aging trajectories were also observed in some white matter tracts. However, no accelerated brain aging was found in functional connectivity maps. These findings provide insights into the neuropathology of schizophrenia.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chen-Yuan Kuo, Pei-Lin Lee, Li-Ning Peng, Pei-Ning Wang, Wei-Ju Lee, Liang-Kung Chen, Kun-Hsien Chou, Chih-Ping Chung, Ching-Po Lin
Summary: The study examined the association between advanced brain biological age and accelerated age-related physical and cognitive functional decline. A brain age prediction model was constructed using gray matter features from the MRI of 1482 healthy individuals. The difference between predicted and chronological age (brain age gap) was analyzed in a community-dwelling population aged 50 years and above. Participants with the physio-cognitive decline syndrome (PCDS) had a significantly higher brain age gap compared to other groups, indicating that advanced brain aging may contribute to physical and cognitive decline in older individuals.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wei-Chia Huang, Chia-Yueh Hsu, Chia-Ming Chang, Albert C. Yang, Shih-Cheng Liao, Shu-Sen Chang, Chi-Shin Wu
Summary: No previous studies have investigated the association between psychiatrist density and suicide, accounting for individual- and area-level characteristics. This study found that increased psychiatrist density was associated with decreased suicide risk.
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Chun-Ning Ho, Pei-Han Fu, Kuo-Chuan Hung, Li-Kai Wang, Yao-Tsung Lin, Albert C. Yang, Chung-Han Ho, Jia-Hui Chang, Jen-Yin Chen
Summary: This study developed a prediction model using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), heart rate variability (HRV), and other factors to predict the likelihood of higher postoperative pain. The results showed that higher ISI scores and parasympathetic activity, as well as loss of fractal dynamics, were associated with higher pain scores, while laparoscopic surgery was associated with lower pain scores. A multiple logistic model was constructed to predict the severity of postoperative pain.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yi-Chia Wei, Chih-Chin Heather Hsu, Wen-Yi Huang, Chemin Lin, Chih-Ken Chen, Yao-Liang Chen, Pin-Yuan Chen, Yu-Chiau Shyu, Ching-Po Lin
Summary: This study identified multiple modifiable and unmodifiable factors associated with the glymphatic imaging marker. The DTI-ALPS index correlated with various metabolic factors known to increase the risk of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the DTI-ALPS index was associated with renal indices, suggesting a link of water regulation between the two systems. Additionally, the astrocytic biomarker, plasma GFAP, may serve as a potential marker of the glymphatic system, but further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Article
Psychiatry
Chen-Lan Shen, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ching-Po Lin, Albert C. C. Yang
Summary: This study examined the structural and functional brain abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia, and found that these abnormalities progress at different rates and in different brain areas throughout the course of the illness. Using MRI scanning, the study found that in the early stages of schizophrenia, there were only limited functional abnormalities in certain brain regions, but as the illness progressed, the abnormalities spread to wider brain areas and also involved gray matter density. In the third decade of the illness, structural connectivity abnormalities affecting almost all white matter tracts emerged.
Article
Psychiatry
Jun-Ding Zhu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ching-Po Lin, Yi-Ju Lee, Albert C. Yang
Summary: Brain-age prediction is a novel approach for assessing deviated brain aging trajectories in different diseases. This study aimed to investigate the presence of declined brain structures in schizophrenia using brain volume, cortical thickness, and fractional anisotropy as features. The results showed that individuals with schizophrenia had larger brain age gaps compared to healthy controls across different illness durations.
Article
Neurosciences
Jose Sanchez-Bornot, Roberto C. Sotero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Ozguer Simsek, Damien Coyle
Summary: This study proposes a multi-penalized state-space model for analyzing unobserved dynamics, using a data-driven regularization method. Novel algorithms are developed to solve the model, and a cross-validation method is introduced to evaluate regularization parameters. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulations and real data analysis, enabling a more accurate exploration of cognitive brain functions.
