Article
Neurosciences
Atsushi Tachibana, Yoko Ikoma, Yoshiyuki Hirano, Jeff Kershaw, Takayuki Obata
Summary: This study used fMRI to investigate brain activity, specifically focusing on the resting state and the default mode network. Different acquisition protocols were used to examine the influence of neuronal activity and non-neuronal sources on the BOLD response.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ang Li, Haiyang Liu, Xu Lei, Yini He, Qian Wu, Yan Yan, Xin Zhou, Xiaohan Tian, Yingjie Peng, Shangzheng Huang, Kaixin Li, Meng Wang, Yuqing Sun, Hao Yan, Cheng Zhang, Sheng He, Ruquan Han, Xiaoqun Wang, Bing Liu
Summary: Consciousness arises from spatiotemporal neural dynamics and its relationship with neural flexibility and regional specialization is still unclear. A consciousness-related signature has been identified, indicating shifting spontaneous fluctuations along a unimodal-transmodal cortical axis. This signature is sensitive to altered states of consciousness and shows abnormal elevation under psychedelics and in psychosis. The hierarchical dynamic reflects brain state changes in global integration and connectome diversity under task-free conditions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Li, Xinyue Huang, Jinming Xiao, Qingyu Zheng, Xiaolong Shan, Changchun He, Wei Liao, Huafu Chen, Vinod Menon, Xujun Duan
Summary: Marital attachment is crucial for maintaining intimate relationships and psychological well-being. Research suggests that shared neural responses during marital communication are strong predictors of marital satisfaction, reflecting shared values and beliefs.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shinyoung Jung, Joo Yeon Kim, Suhyeon Jo, Suk Won Han
Summary: Adaptive behavior requires cognitive control, which is mediated by the multiple demand network in the fronto-parietal cortex. In contrast, the default mode network is suppressed during top-down processing of task stimuli. However, both networks may encode specific task features.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chuanjun Tong, Cirong Liu, Kaiwei Zhang, Binshi Bo, Ying Xia, Hao Yang, Yanqiu Feng, Zhifeng Liang
Summary: This study explores the biological basis of functional connectivity gradients by investigating their relationship with structural wiring and arousal levels in awake marmosets. The results reveal that while the functional gradients are determined by structural connectivity, they can be modulated by arousal levels. The study provides insights into the interaction between structural connectivity and neuromodulation in shaping the dynamics of functional gradients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Andrea Wiglesworth, Conner A. Falke, Mark Fiecas, Monica Luciana, Kathryn R. Cullen, Bonnie Klimes-Dougan
Summary: This study explores the neural correlates of suicide ideation in children and identifies aberrant functioning in the default mode network (DMN) as a potential mechanism. These findings have important implications for suicide prevention efforts.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Marta Martin-Subero, Paola Fuentes-Claramonte, Pilar Salgado-Pineda, Josep Salavert, Antoni Arevalo, Clara Bosque, Carmen Sarri, Amalia Guerrero-Pedraza, Aniol Santo-Angles, Antoni Capdevila, Salvador Sarro, Raymond Salvador, Peter J. McKenna, Edith Pomarol-Clotet
Summary: This study found that patients with schizophrenia show intact activation of the default mode network and other regions associated with recall of autobiographical memories. The failure of de-activation outside the network suggests that schizophrenia may be associated with a general difficulty in de-activation rather than dysfunction of the default mode network per se.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Samir Brahim Belhaouari, Abdelhamid Talbi, Saima Hassan, Dena Al-Thani, Marwa Qaraqe
Summary: Diagnosing Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been challenging due to inconsistencies in existing medical tests. The use of Internet of things (IoT) combined with machine learning can improve the monitoring and detection of ASD. Our research proposes a new technique, Progressive Fourier Transform (PFT), together with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which shows better results compared to existing ASD detection systems, achieving an accuracy of 96.7% using the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange dataset.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura Mirandola, Daniela Ballotta, Francesca Talami, Giada Giovannini, Giacomo Pavesi, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, Stefano Meletti
Summary: In drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients, interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) were found to impact distant extra-temporal areas, particularly the motor/premotor cortex. Individual analysis revealed involvement of at least one Intrinsic Connectivity Network (ICN) in each patient's spike-related fMRI map.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sharmin Ghaznavi, Tina Chou, Darin D. Dougherty, Andrew A. Nierenberg
Summary: Different patterns of neural connectivity exist for negative and positive rumination in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Patients with BD show stronger functional connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) during rest and positive rumination compared to healthy controls (HC). Furthermore, following positive rumination, the PCC and MPFC exhibit higher levels of activity during the processing of positive self-relevant traits. Patients with BD also demonstrate stronger functional connectivity between the PCC and inferior parietal lobule during rest and negative rumination compared to HC.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alejandro Luis Callara, Alberto Greco, Enzo Pasquale Scilingo, Luca Bonfiglio
Summary: The blinking rate is influenced by cognitive tasks and occurs at breakpoints of attention during ecological cognitive tasks. The present study aims to investigate the temporal relationship between blink events and cognitive processing, as well as the effect of stimulus relevance on blink timing and EEG responses. Results show that blink occurrence is influenced by stimuli and blinks following relevant stimuli are apparently delayed due to finalizing a behavioral response, with no effect on the intensity of blink-related EEG response. This evidence suggests that blinks occur at the last step of processing and blink-related EEG responses are all-or-nothing phenomena.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Cilia Jaeger, Rachel Nuttall, Juliana Zimmermann, James Dowsett, Christine Preibisch, Christian Sorg, Afra Wohlschlaeger
Summary: Neural oscillations, particularly in the posterior alpha frequency band, play a crucial role in regulating information flow during visual processing. By experimentally modulating the intrinsic alpha frequency, this study found that rhythmic stimulation at the intrinsic alpha frequency induced increased cortical alpha phase coherency and functional connectivity in the visual and parietal areas, supporting the role of alpha oscillation in gating information flow during visual processing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lars Jonasson Stiernman, Filip Grill, Andreas Hahn, Lucas Rischka, Rupert Lanzenberger, Vania Panes Lundmark, Katrine Riklund, Jan Axelsson, Anna Rieckmann
Summary: The study indicates that during cognitive control, the DMN shows negative BOLD responses without corresponding relative increases in metabolic activity, suggesting functional heterogeneity within this network. The neurovascular coupling underlying BOLD response patterns in the DMN during rest and task appears fundamentally different from BOLD responses in other association networks during cognitive control.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shuhan Zheng, Zhichao Liang, Youzhi Qu, Qingyuan Wu, Haiyan Wu, Quanying Liu
Summary: This study proposed a physics-based framework of the Kuramoto model to investigate the effects of oxytocin on the phase dynamic neural coupling in the Default Mode Network (DMN) and Frontoparietal Network (FPN). The findings suggest that oxytocin changes the topology of brain communities, increases synchronization in the FPN and decreases synchronization in the DMN. Moreover, oxytocin leads to a higher variance of coupling strength within the DMN and more flexible coupling patterns at the group level.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEURAL SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Michelle Barraclough, Shane McKie, Ben Parker, Rebecca Elliott, Ian N. Bruce
Summary: This study found altered functional connectivity within the default mode network in SLE patients regardless of disease activity, with depression accounting for some of the effect but SLE itself accounting for more. Further research is needed to assess if these changes may be a precursor to cognitive dysfunction in SLE. If so, rs-fMRI could be an early marker for cognitive dysfunction in SLE and assist in future treatment trials.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Alessandro Borri, Antonio Cerasa, Paolo Tonin, Luigi Citrigno, Camillo Porcaro
Summary: The study used fractal dimension algorithms to analyze SNPs in the genome and related genetic distances to geographical distances. The results showed that HFD outperformed BCD in cluster and classification analysis, accurately representing individual and global population variations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEURAL SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Bofan Wu, Andrew P. Bagshaw, Clayton Hickey, Simone Kuehn, Martin Wilson
Summary: Advances in magnetic resonance imaging have revealed the relationship between individual differences in the structure and function of the human brain and health and cognition. However, the relationship between individual differences and neuro-metabolite levels remains largely unexplored. This study measured metabolite levels and achieved high classification accuracy using machine learning and metabolomic methodology. These findings suggest the existence of neuro-metabolic phenotypes that can be measured using widely available technology.
Article
Neurosciences
Teresa L'Abbate, Karolina Armonaite, Eugenia Gianni, Massimo Bertoli, Livio Conti, Joy Grifoni, Andrea Cancelli, Carlo Cottone, Elisabetta Trombetta, Matteo Padalino, Camillo Porcaro, Franca Tecchio
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of visual feedback and executing body side on corticomuscular coherence (CMC). The results showed that the absence of visual feedback decreased CMC peak frequency and amplitude, as well as decreased beta band power in the electroencephalogram. Additionally, CMC was not dependent on the executing hand. Modulation of visual information changed corticomuscular synchronizations and cortical involvement.
Article
Neurosciences
Mingqi Zhao, Gaia Bonassi, Jessica Samogin, Gaia Amaranta Taberna, Camillo Porcaro, Elisa Pelosin, Laura Avanzino, Dante Mantini
Summary: Gait is a complex activity controlled by the nervous system, and understanding the neurokinematic and neuromuscular connectivity patterns in the brain during gait is important. This study used mobile brain/body imaging techniques to investigate gait-related brain-body connectivity and found that myogenic signals are more discriminative than kinematic signals in evaluating brain-body connectivity. The study also identified robust responses in the alpha and beta bands in the primary sensorimotor cortex. The findings demonstrate the potential of using hdEEG for studying gait-related brain-body connectivity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camillo Porcaro, Antonio Di Renzo, Emanuele Tinelli, Vincenzo Parisi, Cherubino Di Lorenzo, Francesca Caramia, Marco Fiorelli, Giada Giuliani, Ettore Cioffi, Stefano Seri, Vittorio Di Piero, Francesco Pierelli, Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Gianluca Coppola
Summary: This study analyzed the role of the hypothalamus and the limbic system in the onset of a migraine attack. The findings revealed significant changes in diffusivity metrics within the hypothalamus of patients compared to healthy controls, particularly in posterior regions. The severity of the migraine attack was positively correlated with the hypothalamic axial diffusivity and the complexity of the salience network involved in pain processing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Franca Tecchio, Federica Giambattistelli, Camillo Porcaro, Carlo Cottone, Tuomas P. Mutanen, Vittorio Pizzella, Laura Marzetti, Risto J. Ilmoniemi, Fabrizio Vernieri, Paolo Maria Rossini
Summary: Stroke is a major cause of disability due to its motor and cognitive effects. It is crucial to understand the changes in the brain during the early stages of stroke in order to target rehabilitation procedures effectively. This study investigated the excitability properties of the primary motor cortex in stroke patients and found relevant changes in both TMS-evoked potentials and motor-evoked responses. The results suggest an overexcitable lesioned hemisphere in the acute phase, which may affect intracortical inhibitory networks and hinder recovery from stroke sequelae.
Article
Robotics
Francesco Ferracuti, Alessandro Freddi, Sabrina Iarlori, Andrea Monteriu, Karameldeen Ibrahim Mohamed Omer, Camillo Porcaro
Summary: This study aims to realize a human-in-the-loop approach by allowing the user to actively participate in the control loop to enhance human-robot interaction. The user can provide feedback to a smart wheelchair through both a keyboard and a brain-computer interface, improving its sensory capabilities and obstacle avoidance.
FRONTIERS IN ROBOTICS AND AI
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sophie L. L. Mason, Leandro Junges, Wessel Woldman, Elise R. R. Facer-Childs, Brunno M. de Campos, Andrew P. P. Bagshaw, John R. R. Terry
Summary: The article "The Impact of Chronotype on Cognition and Mental Health" suggests that individuals with a late chronotype have a higher likelihood of developing depression and exhibit poorer cognitive performance during the day. By analyzing rs-fMRI data from both early and late chronotypes, the study reveals that differential information about chronotype is embedded in functional brain networks and this embedding changes throughout the day. These findings provide insights into the relationship between internal physiology, external perturbations, brain networks, and disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Camillo Porcaro, Kamran Avanaki, Oscar Arias-Carrion, Morten Morup
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Valentina D'Onofrio, Nicoletta Manzo, Andrea Guerra, Andrea Landi, Valentina Baro, Sara Maeaettae, Luca Weis, Camillo Porcaro, Maurizio Corbetta, Angelo Antonini, Florinda Ferreri
Summary: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment for neurological disorders, but its mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with DBS provides a unique approach to investigate the neurophysiology of the brain. Experimental studies have shown that DBS modulates cortical excitability and plasticity, which may contribute to its therapeutic effects. However, safety concerns limit the application of the TMS-DBS approach.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alice A. Winsor, Caroline Richards, Stefano Seri, Ashley Liew, Andrew P. Bagshaw
Summary: This study explored the relationship between sleep and neurodevelopmental characteristics on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children with epilepsy (CWE). The results showed that both sleep problems and neurodevelopmental characteristics significantly impact HRQOL, with sleep problems possibly mediating this impact through neurodevelopmental characteristics. These findings highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to epilepsy management.
Article
Neurosciences
Olivia Vella, Andrew P. Bagshaw, Martin Wilson
Summary: In this work, a new analysis pipeline called SLIPMAT is presented for extracting high-quality, tissue-specific, spectral profiles from MR spectroscopic imaging data (MRSI). The method combines spectral decomposition with spatially dependent frequency and phase correction to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio white and grey matter spectra. It includes spectral processing steps to reduce unwanted spectral variation and direct spectral analysis using machine learning and statistical methods. The method is validated using data from 8 healthy participants, showing reliable spectral profiles and the discriminative value of metabolites in both grey and white matter.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Rory O'Sullivan, Stacey Bissell, Anna Hamilton, Andrew Bagshaw, Caroline Richards
Summary: The purpose of this study is to examine the agreement between objective and subjective measures of sleep in children with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs). The literature search identified 31 studies comparing objective and subjective sleep estimates in autism, ADHD, and genetic syndromes associated with intellectual disability. The results showed greater concordance for sleep scheduling parameters compared to sleep duration and night awakenings. Subjective measures tended to overestimate total sleep time and efficiency while underestimating wake after sleep onset and number of awakenings. These findings have implications for sleep assessment and interpretation in NDCs.
SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Isabella Marinelli, Jamie J. Walker, Udaya Seneviratne, Wendyl D'Souza, Mark J. Cook, Clare Anderson, Andrew P. Bagshaw, Stafford L. Lightman, Wessel Woldman, John R. Terry
Summary: This study uses a mathematical model to analyze the rhythm variations in epileptiform activity under different physiological factors. The transitions between sleep stages and variations in cortisol concentration were identified as potential factors influencing the occurrence of epileptiform activity. The findings provide a framework for better understanding the factors that drive epileptiform activity and suggest experiments to validate model predictions.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eleonora Fiorenzato, Sadaf Moaveninejad, Luca Weis, Roberta Biundo, Angelo Antonini, Camillo Porcaro
Summary: This study suggests that the characteristics of cognitive decline in PD are changes in spontaneous neuronal activity and increased temporal complexity, involving the central executive network (CEN) and default mode network (DMN), possibly reflecting increased segregation of these networks. Therefore, we propose fractal dimension (FD) as a prognostic biomarker of PD-cognitive decline.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jose Sanchez-Bornot, Roberto C. Sotero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Ozguer Simsek, Damien Coyle
Summary: This study proposes a multi-penalized state-space model for analyzing unobserved dynamics, using a data-driven regularization method. Novel algorithms are developed to solve the model, and a cross-validation method is introduced to evaluate regularization parameters. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulations and real data analysis, enabling a more accurate exploration of cognitive brain functions.
