Article
Neurosciences
Sebastian C. Schneider, Mario E. Archila-Melendez, Jens Goettler, Stephan Kaczmarz, Benedikt Zott, Josef Priller, Michael Kallmayer, Claus Zimmer, Christian Sorg, Christine Preibisch
Summary: By studying asymptomatic patients with arterial stenosis and healthy controls, this study demonstrates a negative association between homotopic BOLD-FC and capillary transit time heterogeneity (CTH) differences, suggesting that increasing CTH differences lead to BOLD-FC reductions. Simulations also show that increasing CTH corresponds to broadened and delayed CBF responses to ongoing neuronal activity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
William C. Palmer, Brenna A. Cholerton, Cyrus P. Zabetian, Thomas J. Montine, Thomas J. Grabowski, Swati Rane
Summary: The study found significant differences in cerebello-cortical functional connectivity between PD patients and normal controls, particularly in the somatomotor network. Cognitive function was found to be associated with connectivity of the cerebellar SMN and dorsal attention network. Altered cerebellar connectivity with frontoparietal and default mode networks was also correlated with the severity of motor function in PD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Larissa McKetton, Kevin Sam, Julien Poublanc, Adrian P. Crawley, Olivia Sobczyk, Lakshmikumar Venkatraghavan, James Duffin, Joseph A. Fisher, David J. Mikulis
Summary: This study examines the effect of variability in PaCO2 on the pattern of rs-fMRI connectivity. The findings suggest that fluctuations in PETCO2 during normal breathing can lead to changes in cerebral functional connections and affect the synchronization of BOLD signals.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shachar Gal, Yael Coldham, Niv Tik, Michal Bernstein-Eliav, Ido Tavor
Summary: The search for an ideal approach to investigate functional connections in the human brain is a challenge for neuroscience. Recent studies have found that using naturalistic stimuli to collect functional connectivity data predicts cognitive and emotional scores more accurately than using resting-state data. Furthermore, activation maps predicted using naturalistic stimuli are better predictors of individual intelligence scores than those predicted using resting-state data.
Article
Neurosciences
Liandong Lin, Da Chang, Donghui Song, Yiran Li, Ze Wang
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between brain entropy during resting state and brain activations and deactivations during task performance. The results show that lower brain entropy at rest is associated with stronger activations and deactivations in brain regions engaged by the tasks. Higher workload leads to more extensive negative correlations between resting brain entropy and task activations. These findings suggest that resting brain activity can predict task-related brain activity and may facilitate both task activations and deactivations.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Bin Guo, Fugen Zhou, Muwei Li, John C. Gore
Summary: This study reveals the characteristics and roles of white matter BOLD signals in brain functions, and finds similar communication patterns to gray matter. The variations of lag structure within white matter are associated with different sensory states.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jingxuan Gong, Rachael C. Stickland, Molly G. Bright
Summary: This study found that the timing of arterial blood flow is more reliably characterized when a larger systemic vascular response is evoked by a breathing challenge compared to when only spontaneous fluctuations in vascular physiology are present. However, it is not clear whether the hemodynamic delays in these two conditions are physiologically interchangeable, and how methodological signal-to-noise factors may limit their agreement.
Article
Psychiatry
Tong Yue, Jia Zhao, Anguo Fu
Summary: Positive empathy is associated with specific brain regions' activity and functional connectivity, including the right insula, right subgenual cingulate, and right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. The activity and connections in these regions are related to positive empathy, emotional experience, and self-referential processing.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nooshin J. Fesharaki, Amy B. Mathew, Jedidiah R. Mathis, Wendy E. Huddleston, James L. Reuss, Jay J. Pillai, Edgar A. DeYoe
Summary: Functional magnetic resonance imaging is used for presurgical brain mapping to help neurosurgeons identify viable tissue near operable pathology, but neurovascular uncoupling may lead to false negatives on brain activation maps, impacting surgical planning accuracy. Comparing breath-hold and resting-state maps of cerebrovascular reactivity, resting-state metrics show slightly better gray matter coverage and specificity. While breath-hold and resting-state maps may look similar qualitatively, they are not quantitatively identical at a voxel level.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sharna D. Jamadar, Phillip G. D. Ward, Emma X. Liang, Edwina R. Orchard, Zhaolin Chen, Gary F. Egan
Summary: Simultaneous FDG-PET/fMRI allows imaging of energetic dynamics in the brain, but fPET metabolic connectivity shows little similarity with FDG-sPET metabolic covariance, indicating that individual brain connectivity cannot be inferred from group-level metabolic data. The study highlights the complementary strengths of fPET and fMRI in measuring intrinsic brain connectivity and the potential for novel multimodality biomarkers of neurological diseases.
Article
Neurosciences
Muwei Li, Yurui Gao, Adam W. Anderson, Zhaohua Ding, John C. Gore
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the mathematical model used for analyzing fMRI data in gray matter is not suitable for detecting BOLD signals in white matter. Our findings reveal the non-stationary nature of BOLD signals in white matter, with distinct spectral patterns that can be categorized into five recurring modes.
Article
Neurosciences
Nicholas A. Hubbard, Monroe P. Turner, Kevin R. Sitek, Kathryn L. West, Jakub R. Kaczmarzyk, Lyndahl Himes, Binu P. Thomas, Hanzhang Lu, Bart Rypma
Summary: By using calibrated functional magnetic resonance imaging, this study found that low-frequency fluctuations of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) during resting state exhibited organizational properties similar to previous functional and anatomical connectivity studies. Furthermore, voxel-wise CMRO2 connectivity showed spatial patterns consistent with four specific resting-state subnetworks.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hussam Metwali, Tamer Ibrahim, Mathijs Raemaekers
Summary: Resting-state networks (RSNs) under anesthesia can be used for intraoperative brain mapping and remapping during tumor resection, but there is a significant decrease in network connectivity with the continuation of anesthesia.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Valeria Vazquez-Trejo, Binyam Nardos, Bradley L. Schlaggar, Damien A. Fair, Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
Summary: Task-based fMRI has improved our understanding of brain functioning, but traditional analyses ignore dynamic connectivity between brain regions. This study used connectotyping to analyze fMRI data from a word vs. pseudoword decision task and found significant differences in dynamic connectivity patterns between brain regions involved in cognitive task control, memory retrieval, and semantic processing.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Leonie Zerweck, Constantin Roder, Till-Karsten Hauser, Johannes Thurow, Annerose Mengel, Marcos Tatagiba, Nadia Khan, Philipp T. Meyer, Ulrike Ernemann, Uwe Klose
Summary: The study compared the effectiveness of rs-fMRI, bh-fMRI, and [O-15]water PET in evaluating cerebral perfusion reserve in MMA patients, showing a good correlation between the CVR maps generated by rs-fMRI and bh-fMRI, as well as a high level of agreement between rs-fMRI and [O-15]water PET data.
Article
Neurosciences
Jose Sanchez-Bornot, Roberto C. Sotero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Ozguer Simsek, Damien Coyle
Summary: This study proposes a multi-penalized state-space model for analyzing unobserved dynamics, using a data-driven regularization method. Novel algorithms are developed to solve the model, and a cross-validation method is introduced to evaluate regularization parameters. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulations and real data analysis, enabling a more accurate exploration of cognitive brain functions.
