Article
Neurosciences
Chun Yin Liu, Ran Tao, Lang Qin, Stephen Matthews, Wai Ting Siok
Summary: This study investigated the neurocognitive mechanism and functional connectivity of brain regions involved in single word reading. The results showed that orthography, phonology, and meaning processes have a shared core network, but also have distinct activation areas and functional connectivity networks.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Matthew Ainsworth, Zhemeng Wu, Helen Browncross, Anna S. Mitchell, Andrew H. Bell, Mark J. Buckley
Summary: This study investigates the functional connectivity of the primate frontopolar cortex (FPC) with other cortical regions. Results reveal a network of interconnected regions involving the FPC, posterior cingulate cortex, and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, which play a crucial role in the decision-making process.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
JeYoung Jung, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, Rebecca L. Jackson
Summary: The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), located in the human brain, plays significant roles in various executive functions. This study aimed to investigate whether there are functional subdivisions within the DLPFC. The researchers divided the DLPFC into seven regions and examined their structural and functional connectivity patterns. The findings suggest that the DLPFC may be subdivided along different axes, reflecting its integrative executive function.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caroline L. Alves, Thaise G. L. de O. Toutain, Patricia de Carvalho Aguiar, Aruane M. Pineda, Kirstin Roster, Christiane Thielemann, Joel Augusto Moura Porto, Francisco A. Rodrigues
Summary: Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with varying symptoms and severity, making accurate diagnosis challenging. Incorrect diagnosis can lead to negative effects on families and the education system, increasing the risk of mental health issues. This study proposes a new method for diagnosing autism using machine learning and brain imaging data, which outperforms existing methods. The findings suggest that individuals with autism have specific brain network characteristics, and the proposed method can be used with other types of brain data.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Danian Li, Hanyue Zhang, Yujie Liu, Xinyu Liang, Yaoping Chen, Yanting Zheng, Shijun Qiu, Ying Cui
Summary: The study revealed altered functional connectivity among key brain regions in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients, including the default mode network, the central executive network, the limbic system, and the cerebellum. Increased functional connectivity between the right posterior cingulate cortex and the right inferior frontal gyrus may be useful for characterizing the pathophysiology of MDD and the functional correlates of phonemic verbal fluency deficits in MDD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sonja Chu, Cendri Hutcherson, Rutsuko Ito, Andy C. H. Lee
Summary: The prefrontal cortex (PFC) and medial temporal lobe (MTL) contribute differently to resolving conflict information and uncertainty during approach-avoidance decisions. The PFC may adjust response caution and evidence strength towards each choice, involving the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, while the MTL contributes to evidence generation, particularly through the hippocampus. These findings suggest unique contributions of MTL and PFC regions in arbitrating approach-avoidance conflict.
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. C. Rosen, J. V. Bhat, V. A. Cardenas, T. J. Ehrlich, A. M. Horwege, D. H. Mathalon, B. J. Roach, G. H. Glover, B. W. Badran, S. D. Forman, M. S. George, M. E. Thase, D. Yurgelun-Todd, M. E. Sughrue, S. P. Doyen, P. J. Nicholas, J. C. Scott, L. Tian, J. A. Yesavage
Summary: This study analyzed imaging data from a failed clinical trial of rTMS in Veterans to investigate the association between treatment response and rTMS coil location. Findings revealed that the accuracy in targeting the region within DLPFC negatively correlated with the subgenual cingulate is related to clinical response to rTMS in treatment resistant major depression, providing evidence for a neuro-functionally informed rTMS therapy target in Veterans.
Article
Neurosciences
Billy Kim, Dowon Kim, Anton Schulmann, Yash Patel, Carolina Caban-Rivera, Paul Kim, Ananya Jambhale, Kory R. Johnson, Ningping Feng, Qing Xu, Sun Jung Kang, Ajeet Mandal, Michael Kelly, Nirmala Akula, Francis J. McMahon, Barbara Lipska, Stefano Marenco, Pavan K. Auluck
Summary: Regional cellular heterogeneity in human neocortex is still unclear. This study uses single-nucleus RNA-sequencing to examine cell-specific transcriptional features in DLPFC and sgACC, finding more inhibitory cells in sgACC and considerable variability in excitatory neuron subclusters across brain regions. In addition, genetic signals of psychiatric disorders are mainly enriched in neurons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Brittany M. Jeye, Sarah M. Kark, Dylan S. Spets, Lauren R. Moo, Elizabeth A. Kensinger, Scott D. Slotnick
Summary: This study used fMRI to investigate the inhibitory role of the left DLPFC in word retrieval, finding that related word distractors led to slower response times in solving anagrams, possibly due to inhibition by the left DLPFC of related word (and pseudo-word) representations in the language processing cortex.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nana Feng, Lena Palaniyappan, Trevor W. Robbins, Luolong Cao, Shuanfeng Fang, Xingwei Luo, Xiang Wang, Qiang Luo
Summary: Impaired working memory (WM) is a core dysfunction in schizophrenia, characterized by deficits in both attention and WM processing. Patients show linear modulation of brain activation in frontoparietal and dorsal attention networks, while controls exhibit an inverted U-shaped response pattern in the left anterior cingulate cortex. These modulation effects are associated with gene expressions related to the dopamine neurotransmitter system.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tina Chou, Darin Dougherty, Andrew A. Nierenberg, Thilo Deckersbach
Summary: Individuals with bipolar disorder show abnormalities in the default mode network and task positive network connectivity, which can be restored by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Fayyaz Ahmad, Iftikhar Ahmad, Yolanda Guerrero-Sanchez
Summary: Recently, the use of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has gained attention in the field of neuroscience for diagnosing, treating, and understanding schizophrenia-associated brain regions. Machine learning approaches have been employed to distinguish between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Two sample t-tests revealed higher average activation in the control group compared to the patient group. The correlation technique was used to uncover hidden associations between brain structure and function. The integration of resting-state function provides insight into the pathological mechanism of schizophrenia. Lastly, Lasso regression and SVM classifier yielded the best results with an accuracy of 94%.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew Leming, John Suckling
Summary: The study classified whole-brain functional connectivity MRI data using convolutional neural networks and found that resting-state data is more accurately classified than task data, with the inner salience network playing the most important role in the overall classification of resting-state data.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wu Zhou, Zhong Yuan, Dai Yingliang, Xiao Chaoyong, Zhang Ning, Wang Chun
Summary: Studies have shown that MDD patients exhibit abnormal brain connectivity in areas such as the dlPFC, insula, and postcentral gyrus, with degree centrality negatively correlated with disease course. Dynamic functional connectivity analysis revealed that MDD patients tend to remain excessively stable in dlPFC and precuneus connectivity, associated with emotional cognitive symptoms, compared to healthy controls. After receiving CBT, patients showed increased variability in dynamic functional connectivity in dlPFC and precuneus regions.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Andy Schumann, Feliberto de la Cruz, Stefanie Koehler, Lisa Brotte, Karl-Juergen Baer
Summary: This study investigated the impact of an 8-week HRV-biofeedback intervention on functional brain connectivity in healthy subjects. The results showed that increased heart rate variability induced by HRV-biofeedback was accompanied by changes in functional brain connectivity during resting state, particularly in the VMPFC and other brain regions such as the insula, amygdala, and prefrontal regions. The findings suggest that HRV biofeedback can enhance brain connectivity and may have implications for stress and emotion regulation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Flora Schwartz, Justine Epinat-Duclos, Jessica Leone, Alice Poisson, Jerome Prado
Article
Psychology, Biological
Parnika Bhatia, Mael Delem, Jessica Leone, Esther Boisin, Anne Cheylus, Marie-Line Gardes, Jerome Prado
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrea Diaz-Barriga Yanez, Auriane Couderc, Lea Longo, Annabelle Merchie, Hanna Chesnokova, Emma Langlois, Catherine Thevenot, Jerome Prado
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Jerome Prado, Jessica Leone, Justine Epinat-Duclos, Emmanuel Trouche, Hugo Mercier
BRAIN AND LANGUAGE
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
O. Ece Demir-Lira, Jerome Prado, James R. Booth
Summary: This study explored how parental education level influences the neurocognitive basis of deductive reasoning in school-aged children using fMRI. The results showed that children with higher parental education relied more on the left inferior frontal gyrus, while those with lower parental education but higher nonverbal skills mainly relied on the right parietal areas for reasoning tasks.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Parnika Bhatia, Lea Longo, Hanna Chesnokova, Jerome Prado
Summary: Humans have a unique ability to use symbols to represent numerical information, which is thought to stem from the neural recycling of mechanisms supporting nonsymbolic magnitudes in the intraparietal sulcus (IPS). This study found that the activity in the IPS associated with magnitude processing may depend more on the presentation format (symbolic vs nonsymbolic) rather than the type of magnitude (absolute vs relative), especially in adults.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Clea Girard, Thomas Bastelica, Jessica Leone, Justine Epinat-Duclos, Lea Longo, Jerome Prado
Summary: Disparities in home numeracy environments contribute to variations in children's mathematical skills, however, the neural mechanisms underlying this relationship are unknown. In this study, the researchers used a questionnaire and functional MRI to investigate the neural processes related to home numeracy practices and mathematical learning in children. The results showed that differences in home numeracy practices were related to differences in digit processing in a specific region of the brain, and this processing also influenced children's arithmetic fluency. These findings suggest that home numeracy practices may affect mathematical skills by modulating the brain's response to numerical information.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clea Girard, Jerome Prado
Summary: The COVID-19 crisis in 2020 led to exceptional measures to contain the spread of the virus. In France as in many countries around the world, the government ordered a lockdown with school closure for several weeks. A growing number of studies suggest that family socio-economic status might be an important predictor of how families adapted to homeschooling during lockdown. However, socio-economic status is a distal factor that does not necessarily inform on the specific characteristics of the home learning environment that may more directly influence parental adaptation to homeschooling during lockdown. Here we aimed to examine how parental adaptation to homeschooling during lockdown was influenced by prior parental attitudes and expectations towards academic learning, as well as prior familiarity with literacy and numeracy activities at home. The present study involves 52 families who participated in a study about the home learning environment in 2018. At that time, parents completed an extensive questionnaire assessing their beliefs and attitudes towards academic learning and the frequency of literacy and numeracy activities are home. At the end of the first 2020 French lockdown, we again asked the same parents to complete a questionnaire, this time assessing homeschooling conditions during lockdown as well as parental confidence towards academic domains. Over and above a range of background variables, correlation analyses revealed that parental expectations towards academic learning as well as frequency of prior shared activities were related to daily homeschooling time during lockdown. Both parental attitudes and expectations towards numeracy and literacy were also related to parental confidence in home schooling. Our results suggest that several aspects of the home learning environment may have influenced how families adapted to homeschooling during the 2020 COVID lockdown.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomoya Nakai, Clea Girard, Lea Longo, Hanna Chesnokova, Jerome Prado
Summary: Arabic numerals play a crucial role in early childhood education, but the neural representation of numerals and their relation to nonsymbolic quantity in children is still unclear. Using fMRI and machine learning techniques, it was found that the cortical representations of numerals and nonsymbolic quantities change and segregate with learning and development from age 5 to age 8. These findings support the theory that the relation between symbolic and nonsymbolic quantity weakens with exposure to formal mathematics in children.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Macarena Suarez-Pellicioni, Jerome Prado, James R. Booth
CURRENT OPINION IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Clea Girard, Thomas Bastelica, Jessica Leone, Justine Epinat-Duclos, Lea Longo, Jerome Prado
Summary: The study shows that home literacy practices are associated with enhanced word adaptation in the brain and may improve children's vocabulary skills, which in turn influence neural mechanisms supporting word-level reading.
NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Philippine Courtier, Marie-Line Gardes, Jean-Baptiste Van der Henst, Ira A. Noveck, Marie-Caroline Croset, Justine Epinat-Duclos, Jessica Leone, Jerome Prado
Summary: The adapted Montessori curriculum in a French public school, with fewer materials, shorter work periods, and limited teacher training, showed outcomes comparable to conventional curriculum in math, executive functions, and social skills for preschoolers. However, disadvantaged kindergarteners from Montessori classrooms outperformed their peers in reading skills.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marisa N. Lytle, Jerome Prado, James R. Booth
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Jerome Prado
ANNEE PSYCHOLOGIQUE
(2018)
Article
Neuroimaging
Flora Schwartz, Justine Epinat-Duclos, Jessica Leone, Alice Poisson, Jerome Prado
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Jose Sanchez-Bornot, Roberto C. Sotero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Ozguer Simsek, Damien Coyle
Summary: This study proposes a multi-penalized state-space model for analyzing unobserved dynamics, using a data-driven regularization method. Novel algorithms are developed to solve the model, and a cross-validation method is introduced to evaluate regularization parameters. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulations and real data analysis, enabling a more accurate exploration of cognitive brain functions.
