Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jeremy Purcell, Robert Wiley, Junyeon Won, Daniel Callow, Lauren Weiss, Alfonso Alfini, Yi Wei, J. Carson Smith
Summary: Aging is associated with cognitive decline, but exercise can improve cognition in older adults by promoting neural differentiation.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kaitlin E. Cassady, Jenna N. Adams, Xi Chen, Anne Maass, Theresa M. Harrison, Susan Landau, Suzanne Baker, William Jagust
Summary: In presymptomatic Alzheimer's disease, changes in the segregation of the brain's intrinsic functional episodic memory networks are associated with the accumulation of A beta, tau, and memory decline. Older adults showed less segregated networks compared to younger adults, with reduced specialization linked to more tau and A beta in the same regions. The impact of network dedifferentiation on memory performance depended on the levels of A beta and tau, suggesting a compensation phase followed by a degenerative phase in the early, preclinical stage of AD.
Article
Neurosciences
Xi Chen, Melissa M. Rundle, Kristen M. Kennedy, William Moore, Denise C. Park
Summary: Neuroimaging research has found two different patterns of brain activation in successful cognitive aging - maintenance of youth-like activity and compensatory novel recruitment. This study investigated these patterns in individuals who resisted age-related cognitive decline over four years. The results showed that successful agers exhibited high subsequent memory effect until very old age, while average agers had reduced subsequent memory effect starting in young-old age. Additionally, successful agers showed additional recruitment in prefrontal clusters in young-old age. This study provides evidence of the neural mechanisms underlying successful cognitive aging.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuhan Chen, Olivia Allison, Heather L. Green, Emily S. Kuschner, Song Liu, Mina Kim, Michelle Slinger, Kylie Mol, Taylor Chiang, Luke Bloy, Timothy P. L. Roberts, J. Christopher Edgar
Summary: Infant and young child electrophysiology studies have shown that face-encoding neural processes mature over the first four years of life. This longitudinal study examined the maturation of the left and right fusiform gyrus (FFG), a primary node in the face-encoding network, in children aged 4 months to 4 years old. The study found that face-sensitive FFG activity changed with age, with a dominant M290 response observed before 2 years old and an adult-like M170 response observed by 3-4 years old.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Natacha Comandante-Lou, Douglas G. Baumann, Mohammad Fallahi-Sichani
Summary: Cellular plasticity allows tumor cells to switch differentiation states during adaptive responses to therapies. This study demonstrates that the AP-1 transcription factor network plays a central role in explaining the diversity of plasticity in melanoma cells, and manipulating this network can alter cellular heterogeneity.
Article
Neurosciences
Yujia Ao, Chengxiao Yang, Jan Drewes, Muliang Jiang, Lihui Huang, Xiujuan Jing, Georg Northoff, Yifeng Wang
Summary: This study investigated the age-related variations in regions and networks of the human brain using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The analysis revealed frequency-specific patterns in the topography and its variation with age, indicating the dynamic change of global brain activity. The findings suggest a general trend towards dedifferentiation of the global signal topography with age.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
I. Boutet, D. K. Shah, C. A. Collin, S. Berti, M. Persike, B. Meinhardt-Injac
Summary: Healthy aging is associated with impairments in face recognition, which may arise from difficulties in the earliest perceptual stages of visual information processing. Older adults show less selective and less lateralized N170 responses to faces, indicating age-related de-differentiation of specialized face networks can be detected by ERPs.
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Christoph Koch, Christian Baeuchl, Franka Gloeckner, Philipp Riedel, Johannes Petzold, Michael N. Smolka, Shu-Chen Li, Nicolas W. Schuck
Summary: Previous studies have shown that dopamine plays a role in spatial navigation, but its direct impact on neural representations of direction is not well understood. This study used a double-blind cross-over L-DOPA/Placebo intervention design to investigate the effect of dopamine on the specificity of neural representations of direction in different age groups. The results showed that L-DOPA improved the classification of brain activation patterns associated with different walking directions, suggesting that dopamine broadly enhances neural representations of direction.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sen Fang, Mingxing Duan, Kenli Li, Keqin Li
Summary: Facial aging is essential for criminal tracking and finding lost children. Current studies on facial makeup transfer have achieved good results, but there is a lack of research on makeup transfer for different ages. To address this, a learning framework called AM-Net is proposed, which can transfer facial makeup for different ages while protecting identity information.
JOURNAL OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND IMAGE REPRESENTATION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuta Katsumi, Joseph M. Andreano, Lisa Feldman Barrett, Bradford C. Dickerson, Alexandra Touroutoglou
Summary: Research suggests that superagers, older adults who maintain youthful memory, exhibit brain integrity and activity similar to that of young adults when learning and remembering new information. The distinct neural representations and fidelity between encoding and retrieval seen in superagers are associated with superior memory performance. These mechanisms could potentially serve as biomarkers for future interventions promoting successful aging.
Article
Neurosciences
Claire Pauley, Malte Kobelt, Markus Werkle-Bergner, Myriam C. Sander
Summary: Robust evidence suggests that older adults have mnemonic deficits due to less distinct neural responses during memory encoding. This study investigated retrieval-related dedifferentiation and its role in age-related memory decline. The findings revealed age-related reductions in neural distinctiveness during all memory phases, and distinctiveness during encoding predicted both item- and category-level mnemonic outcomes better than distinctiveness during retrieval and reinstatement. This study contributes to the limited evidence on age-related neural dedifferentiation during memory retrieval.
Article
Neurosciences
Kuo Liu, Chiu-Yueh Chen, Le-Si Wang, Hanshin Jo, Chun-Chia Kung
Summary: This study empirically evaluates the findings of Brants et al. by comparing two documented training paradigms and their impact on the brain. The results invalidate the assumptions behind Brants et al.'s findings.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amanda Bakkum, Shaila M. Gunn, Daniel S. Marigold
Summary: This study investigated the impact of age on the learning and retention of a novel visuomotor mapping. The results showed that older adults had reduced initial recall, but no significant effects on adaptation and savings were detected.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiayu Chen, Xingyu Liu, Benjamin J. Parker, Zonglei Zhen, Kevin S. Weiner
Summary: By studying 1053 participants, researchers found five main findings regarding fusiform face-selective regions, including two spatially contiguous regions that are functionally and architecturally distinct, with one being more face-selective; the similarity of these regions is higher in monozygotic twins rather than in different brain regions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ian M. L. Pennock, Chris Racey, Emily J. Allen, Yihan Wu, Thomas Naselaris, Kendrick N. Kay, Anna Franklin, Jenny M. Bosten
Summary: Color-biased regions in the ventral visual pathway play a crucial role in object recognition. Through analyzing a large MRI dataset, we found diverging color-biased regions that are adjacent to face-selective areas, exhibiting specific response patterns.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Atsunobu Suzuki, Mika Ueno, Kenta Ishikawa, Akihiro Kobayashi, Matia Okubo, Toshiharu Nakai
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Chi-Chuan Chen, Yu-Shiang Su, Yu-Zhen Tu, Joshua Oon Soo Goh
Article
Neuroimaging
Lori L. Beason-Held, Andrea T. Shafer, Joshua O. Goh, Bennett A. Landman, Christos Davatzikos, Brieana Viscomi, Jessica Ash, Melissa Kitner-Triolo, Luigi Ferrucci, Susan M. Resnick
Summary: The study found that the Face-Place task activates regions such as the hippocampus and ventral temporal cortices; functional connectivity patterns differ in the head, body, and tail regions of the hippocampus, with the head connected more to frontal and temporal regions, and the tail connected more to posterior temporal and occipital cortical regions.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Robotics
Tsung-Ren Huang, Yu-Wei Liu, Shin-Min Hsu, Joshua O. S. Goh, Yu-Ling Chang, Su-Ling Yeh, Li-Chen Fu
Summary: Personal psychological variables are valuable for personalized human-robot interactions. This study demonstrated the validity of embedding psychological test questions into casual conversations for user profiling, with strong correlation in young adults but only moderate in older populations. It suggests caution when applying this testing method to older adults or other special populations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ROBOTICS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hsiang-Yu Chen, Annika Dix, Joshua Oon Soo Goh, Michael N. Smolka, Franka Thurm, Shu-Chen Li
Summary: Aging attenuates frontostriatal network functioning, leading to deficits in value computation during decision-making under uncertainty. Enhancing information saliency through a color-coding scheme benefits choice behaviors in both younger and older adults, reducing cognitive demands of value computation. Baseline value sensitivity is negatively correlated with the benefit of enhancing information saliency only in older adults, suggesting that older decision makers may require more environmental compensation compared to younger adults due to less distinctive value representations.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Meng-Tien Wu, Pei-Fang Tang, Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng, Yung-Chin Hsu, Yu-Jen Chen, Joshua O. S. Goh, Tai-Li Chou, Yu-Kai Chang, Susan Shur-Fen Gau, Ching Lan
Summary: Tai Chi Chuan training can improve cognitive task-switching performance in older adults, with variations in effectiveness among individuals. Higher baseline integrity of prefronto-striato-thalamo-prefrontal loop fibers is associated with greater reductions in task-switching errors after training.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology
Michael Jeanne Childs, Alex Jones, Peter Thwaites, Suncica Zdravkovic, Craig Thorley, Atsunobu Suzuki, Rachel Shen, Qi Ding, Edwin Burns, Hong Xu, Jeremy J. Tree
Summary: The study shows that the other-ethnicity effect is a persistent feature of face recognition performance, with individuals being better at recognizing faces from their own ethnic group. This phenomenon is universal and consistent across different nations, regardless of social contact measures.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yi-Chen Chen, Su-Ling Yeh, Tsung-Ren Huang, Yu-Ling Chang, Joshua O. S. Goh, Li-Chen Fu
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of constructing age-related cognitive profiles with attention evaluation instruction based on a social companion robot for older adults at home.
Article
Neurosciences
Jui-Hong Chien, I-Tzu Hung, Joshua Oon Soo Goh, Li-Wei Kuo, Wei-Wen Chang
Summary: Social power differences play a fundamental role in shaping the dynamics of group and societal interactions. This study used functional brain imaging to investigate the neural correlates of individual socio-cultural preferences in social interactions involving persons of different power status. The findings revealed that personal preferences for power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and cultural intelligence modulated neural activity in distinct brain networks during decision-making processes. These results highlight the importance of considering socio-cultural factors in understanding social behavior.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Atsunobu Suzuki, Saori Tsukamoto, Yusuke Takahashi
Summary: People differ in their tendency to infer others' personalities and abilities from their faces, with some individuals having a tendency to make extreme inferences. This tendency shows correlations across different traits and is positively associated with facial emotion recognition ability and tendencies to believe in physiognomy and endorse stereotypes.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Poyu Chen, Hsin-Yi Hung, Joshua Oon Soo Goh
Summary: This study examines age-related differences in the temporal dynamics of neural processing in decision-making. Using a lottery-choice task and event-related potentials, the researchers found that younger adults showed greater P2 ERP-response positivity and later P3 positivity, which increased with win probability. Older adults displayed lower P2 responses and P3 amplitudes, with higher positivity for extreme win probabilities. Both age groups exhibited similar reward prediction error representations and salience integration. However, older adults showed more complex sensitivity to expectancy violations, indicating subjective uncertainty about reward expectations. The findings suggest that older adults' risk-taking behaviors may be influenced by reduced early neural processing of objective stimulus value and increased reliance on subjective processes.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yun-Shiuan Chuang, Yu-Shiang Su, Joshua O. S. Goh
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yun-Shiuan Chuang, Hsin-Yi Hung, Edwinn Gamborino, Joshua Oon Soo Goh, Tsung-Ren Huang, Yu-Ling Chang, Su-Ling Yeh, Li-Chen Fu
2020 29TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOT AND HUMAN INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION (RO-MAN)
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Wanbing Zhang, I-Tzu Hung, Jonathan D. Jackson, Tzu-Ling Tai, Joshua Oon Soo Goh, Angela Gutchess
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Social
Atsunobu Suzuki, Saori Tsukamoto, Yusuke Takahashi
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Jose Sanchez-Bornot, Roberto C. Sotero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Ozguer Simsek, Damien Coyle
Summary: This study proposes a multi-penalized state-space model for analyzing unobserved dynamics, using a data-driven regularization method. Novel algorithms are developed to solve the model, and a cross-validation method is introduced to evaluate regularization parameters. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulations and real data analysis, enabling a more accurate exploration of cognitive brain functions.