Article
Neurosciences
Qunjun Liang, Jinhui Li, Senning Zheng, Jiajun Liao, Ruiwang Huang
Summary: Hierarchical planning (HP) is a strategy that optimizes planning by storing lower-level steps as subgoals. Previous studies have identified the involvement of dmPFC, PMC, and SPL in the computation process of HP, but their interaction and contribution to HP computation remains unclear. Through an fMRI experiment, we confirmed the activity of dmPFC, PMC, and SPL, and used DCM and PEB models to quantify their connectivity and influence on response time.
Article
Neurosciences
Sayan Nag, Kamil Uludag
Summary: Functional MRI (fMRI) is used to indirectly measure neuronal activity. In this study, a novel approach combining physiologically informed DCM with recurrent units is proposed and validated for determining dynamic effective connectivity between brain areas during complex cognitive tasks. The simulation results demonstrate the accurate prediction and distinction of fMRI BOLD responses and effective connectivity time-courses, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scott Marek, Brenden Tervo-Clemmens, Finnegan J. Calabro, David F. Montez, Benjamin P. Kay, Alexander S. Hatoum, Meghan Rose Donohue, William Foran, Ryland L. Miller, Timothy J. Hendrickson, Stephen M. Malone, Sridhar Kandala, Eric Feczko, Oscar Miranda-Dominguez, Alice M. Graham, Eric A. Earl, Anders J. Perrone, Michaela Cordova, Olivia Doyle, Lucille A. Moore, Gregory M. Conan, Johnny Uriarte, Kathy Snider, Benjamin J. Lynch, James C. Wilgenbusch, Thomas Pengo, Angela Tam, Jianzhong Chen, Dillan J. Newbold, Annie Zheng, Nicole A. Seider, Andrew N. Van, Athanasia Metoki, Roselyne J. Chauvin, Timothy O. Laumann, Deanna J. Greene, Steven E. Petersen, Hugh Garavan, Wesley K. Thompson, Thomas E. Nichols, B. T. Thomas Yeo, Deanna M. Barch, Beatriz Luna, Damien A. Fair, Nico U. F. Dosenbach
Summary: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has greatly advanced our understanding of the human brain, but similar progress has not been made in mental health research. By analyzing three large neuroimaging datasets, researchers found that brain-wide association studies (BWAS) had smaller effect sizes than previously thought, leading to underpowered studies, inflated effect sizes, and replication failures. As sample sizes increased, replication rates improved and effect size inflation decreased. Functional MRI, cognitive tests, and multivariate methods showed more robust effects in BWAS. Smaller than expected brain-phenotype associations and population subsample variability explain the widespread replication failures in BWAS. Reproducibility in BWAS requires samples with thousands of individuals.
Article
Neurosciences
Jiali Huang, Jae-Yoon Jung, Chang S. Nam
Summary: This study used Dynamic Causal Modeling to investigate the causal relationship among brain regions in different stages of AD. The results showed reduced connectivity and weaker connection strengths in AD patients, which were partially predictive of cognitive scores.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Amirhossein Jafarian, Peter Zeidman, Rob C. Wykes, Matthew Walker, Karl J. Friston
Summary: Adiabatic dynamic causal modelling is a method for inferring slow changes in biophysical parameters controlling fast neuronal fluctuations. It relies on established neural mass models and an adiabatic approximation to summarize fast neuronal states using second order statistics. The method introduces a circular causality involving synaptic parameters and neuronal activity, and is validated through simulations and an illustrative application to seizure activity in an animal model.
Article
Neurosciences
Bertrand Beffara, Fadila Hadj-Bouziane, Suliann Ben Hamed, C. Nico Boehler, Leonardo Chelazzi, Elisa Santandrea, Emiliano Macaluso
Summary: This study measured occipital activity in different spatial regions during the processing of visual displays and found that goal-directed attention and salience jointly modulate activity distribution in the occipital cortex, with involvement of multiple functional paths and interactions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Weidong Cai, Srikanth Ryali, Ramkrishna Pasumarthy, Viswanath Talasila, Vinod Menon
Summary: Working memory is a crucial component of cognition, but its mechanisms are not well understood. The study reveals distinct roles of the SN and FPN in systems control, and shows that network controllability decreases with an increase in working memory load.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Qianqian Si, Caiting Gan, Heng Zhang, Xingyue Cao, Huimin Sun, Min Wang, Lina Wang, Yongsheng Yuan, Kezhong Zhang
Summary: This study used dynamic functional network connectivity analysis to investigate the neural activity of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease. The results suggest that dyskinesia is associated with the dysfunctional inhibition of cognitive executive network on motor loops and excessive excitation of visual network and sensorimotor network.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuhai Xie, Puming Zhang, Jun Zhao
Summary: SS-DCM is a method for studying effective connectivity in neural populations using rs-fMRI. It improves estimation accuracy by constructing a Bayesian model in the spectral domain and sampling parameters using a random walked Markov Chain Monte Carlo scheme. Comparative evaluations using synthetic and empirical data showed that SS-DCM provided the most accurate estimations and higher classification accuracy.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Biology
Esmeralda Hidalgo-Lopez, Peter Zeidman, TiAnni Harris, Adeel Razi, Belinda Pletzer
Summary: Hidalgo-Lopez et al. utilized spectral dynamic causal modelling to investigate changes in effective connectivity related to menstrual phase and hormonal levels in healthy women. Their findings provide additional insights into how the brain responds to hormone fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Ivy F. Tso, Mike Angstadt, Saige Rutherford, Scott Peltier, Vaibhav A. Diwadkar, Stephan F. Taylor
Summary: Abnormal effective connectivity in brain networks associated with eye gaze processing is found in schizophrenia patients, affecting social cognition and functioning. Altered self-connections, inter-regional connections, and explicit gaze discrimination are associated with these abnormalities.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Tahereh S. Zarghami, Peter Zeidman, Adeel Razi, Fariba Bahrami, Gholam-Ali Hossein-Zadeh
Summary: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by dysconnection across the brain. This study investigated effective connectivity within large-scale networks in patients with schizophrenia, revealing dysconnection in several networks. The study also found significant correlations between specific effective connections and cognitive abilities of patients. Future research can explore the potential of whole-brain effective connectivity as a biomarker for diagnosis and cognitive assessment in brain disorders.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xi Jiang, Xiaole Ma, Yayuan Geng, Zhiying Zhao, Feng Zhou, Weihua Zhao, Shuxia Yao, Shimin Yang, Zhongbo Zhao, Benjamin Becker, Keith M. Kendrick
Summary: This study found that oxytocin significantly influences effective connectivity among 15 sensitive brain regions, primarily increasing connections between emotion, reward, attention, and social cognition processing networks, as well as exerting top-down control in emotion processing regions. The effects of oxytocin on effective connectivity were more extensive in males.
Article
Neurosciences
Takeshi Asamizuya, Hiroharu Saito, Ryosuke Higuchi, Go Naruse, Shozo Ota, Junko Kato
Summary: This study uses magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the impact of criminals on criminal justice and explores the effective connections underlying expertise. The study reveals different connectivity patterns between legal experts and laypersons when sentencing defendants, and these patterns are influenced by mitigating factors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas Parr, Anjali Bhat, Peter Zeidman, Aimee Goel, Alexander J. Billig, Rosalyn Moran, Karl J. Friston
Summary: This paper introduces a model of the immune response to a virus, highlighting key hypotheses related to resistance mechanisms and conducting simple simulations to illustrate changes in immune response dynamics. The potential application of the model in testing hypotheses is demonstrated through variational inversion using simulated data.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Barbara Borroni, Caroline Graff, Orla Hardiman, Albert C. Ludolph, Fermin Moreno, Markus Otto, Marco Piccininni, Anne M. Remes, James B. Rowe, Harro Seelaar, Elka Stefanova, Latchezar Traykov, Giancarlo Logroscino
Summary: FRONTIERS is a European research study aimed at improving the understanding of FTLD-related disorders and their epidemiology, with the goal of promoting appropriate public health service policies and treatment strategies.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Carlo Wilke, Selina Reich, John C. van Swieten, Barbara Borroni, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Fermin Moreno, Robert Laforce, Caroline Graff, Daniela Galimberti, James B. Rowe, Mario Masellis, Maria C. Tartaglia, Elizabeth Finger, Rik Vandenberghe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Isabel Santana, Simon Ducharme, Chris R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Johannes Levin, Adrian Danek, Markus Otto, Giovanni Frisoni, Roberta Ghidoni, Sandro Sorbi, Martina Bocchetta, Emily Todd, Jens Kuhle, Christian Barro, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Matthis Synofzik
Summary: This study provides a biomarker cascade for the conversion stage in presymptomatic frontotemporal dementia, using serum neurofilament levels to stratify individuals in different stages and potentially identify those converting to symptomatic disease. The biomarker cascade may pave the way towards a biomarker-based precision medicine approach to genetic FTD.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma L. van der Ende, Esther E. Bron, Jackie M. Poos, Lize C. Jiskoot, Jessica L. Panman, Janne M. Papma, Lieke H. Meeter, Elise G. P. Dopper, Carlo Wilke, Matthis Synofzik, Carolin Heller, Imogen J. Swift, Aitana Sogorb-Esteve, Arabella Bouzigues, Barbara Borroni, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Fermin Moreno, Caroline Graff, Robert Laforce, Daniela Galimberti, Mario Masellis, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Elizabeth Finger, Rik Vandenberghe, James B. Rowe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Isabel Santana, Simon Ducharme, Christopher R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Johannes Levin, Adrian Danek, Markus Otto, Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg, Sandro Sorbi, Henrik Zetterberg, Wiro J. Niessen, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Stefan Klein, John C. van Swieten, Vikram Venkatraghavan, Harro Seelaar
Summary: This study aimed to model the sequence of biomarker abnormalities in genetic frontotemporal dementia and determine the disease stages of patients. The results showed that NPTX2 and neurofilament light chain were the earliest biomarkers to change. This model could help select suitable patients for pharmaceutical trials and improve patient stratification and tracking of therapeutic interventions.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Annita Christodoulidou, Georgina E. McKenna, Simon T. Holden, James B. Rowe, Thomas E. Cope
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ece Kocagoncu, David Nesbitt, Tina Emery, Laura E. Hughes, Richard N. Henson, James B. Rowe
Summary: The study focuses on cognitive frailty and compared the structural and neurophysiological properties of cognitively frail adults with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. The results suggest that cognitive frailty may represent a spectrum of normal aging rather than the onset of Alzheimer’s disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Maura Malpetti, Sanne S. Kaalund, Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Timothy Rittman, Mayen Briggs, Kieren S. J. Allinson, Luca Passamonti, Negin Holland, P. Simon Jones, Tim D. Fryer, Young T. Hong, Antonina Kouli, W. Richard Bevan-Jones, Elijah Mak, George Savulich, Maria Grazia Spillantini, Franklin Aigbirhio, Caroline H. Williams-Gray, John T. O'Brien, James B. Rowe
Summary: The study found that F-18-flortaucipir PET does not correspond to neuropathologic staging in PSP. The analytic approach seeking to mirror in vivo neuropathology staging with PET-to-autopsy correlational analyses might enable in vivo staging with next-generation tau PET tracers; however, further evidence and comparisons with postmortem data are needed.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dace Apsvalka, Catarina S. Ferreira, Taylor W. Schmitz, James B. Rowe, Michael C. Anderson
Summary: This study demonstrates that inhibitory control activates the right dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex to suppress diverse content, and these regions play a crucial role in action and thought stopping.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Arabella Bouzigues, Lucy L. Russell, Georgia Peakman, Martina Bocchetta, Caroline Greaves, Rhian S. Convery, Emily Todd, James B. Rowe, Barbara Borroni, Daniela Galimberti, Pietro Tiraboschi, Mario Masellis, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Elizabeth Finger, John C. van Swieten, Harro Seelaar, Lize Jiskoot, Sandro Sorbi, Chris R. Butler, Caroline Graff, Alexander Gerhard, Tobias Langheinrich, Robert Laforce, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Alexandre de Mendonca, Fermin Moreno, Matthis Synofzik, Rik Vandenberghe, Simon Ducharme, Isabelle Le Ber, Johannes Levin, Adrian Danek, Markus Otto, Florence Pasquier, Isabel Santana, Jonathan D. Rohrer
Summary: This study finds that MAPT mutation carriers develop early naming impairments likely associated with semantic knowledge deficits, while C9orf72 and GRN mutation carriers can have more widespread brain atrophy.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Thomas E. Cope, Laura E. Hughes, Holly N. Phillips, Natalie E. Adams, Amirhossein Jafarian, David Nesbitt, Moataz Assem, Alexandra Woolgar, John Duncan, James B. Rowe
Summary: The study demonstrates the causal role of the multiple demand (MD) network in automatic auditory change detection, showing that atrophy of any MD node impairs auditory neurophysiological response. Different neurodegenerative syndromes display altered connectivity within the MD network, with evidence of partially effective compensation mechanisms. Damage to any node of the MD network is found to impair top-down control of sensation, providing a common mechanism for impaired change detection across dementia syndromes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Alessandro Tomassini, Frank H. Hezemans, Rong Ye, Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Noham Wolpe, James B. Rowe
Summary: This study confirms the association between locus coeruleus integrity and response inhibition ability using MRI imaging. It also demonstrates that the connectivity between presupplementary motor area (preSMA) and right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) plays a mediating role in this association. These findings suggest that the locus coeruleus noradrenergic system regulates inhibitory control in healthy individuals.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Andrea Luppi, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Negin Holland, Tim D. Fryer, John T. O'Brien, James B. Rowe, David K. Menon, Daniel Bor, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis
Summary: This study decomposes neural information into synergistic and redundant components, showing the role of core brain regions in supporting higher cognition and demonstrating that humans leverage synergistic information more than macaques. The study also reveals the distinct roles of redundant and synergistic interactions in neural information processing.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Michael C. B. David, Martina Del Giovane, Kathy Y. Liu, Benjamin Gostick, James Benedict Rowe, Imafidon Oboh, Robert Howard, Paresh A. Malhotra
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of drugs with noradrenergic action in improving cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. The findings showed a small positive effect on global cognition and a large positive effect on apathy. This suggests that repurposing established noradrenergic drugs may offer effective treatment for certain symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Luca Cacciapuoti, Laura Inno, Giovanni Covone, Veselin B. Kostov, Thomas Barclay, Elisa Quintana, Knicole D. Colon, Keivan G. Stassun, Benjamin Hord, Steven Giacalone, Stephen R. Kane, Kelsey Hoffman, Jason Rowe, Gavin Wang, Kevin Collins, Karen A. Collins, Thiam-Guan Tan, Francesco Gallo, Christian Magliano, Riccardo M. Ienco, Markus Rabus, David R. Ciardi, Elise Furlan, Steve B. Howell, Crystal L. Gnilka, Nicholas J. Scott, Kathryn Lester, Carl Ziegler, Cesar Briceno, Nicholas Law, Andrew W. Mann, Christopher J. Burke, Samuel N. Quinn, Angelo Ciaramella, Pasquale De Luca, Stefano Fiscale, Alessandra Rotundi, Livia Marcellino, Ardelio Galletti, Ida Bifulco, Fabrizio Oliva, Alton Spencer, Lisa Kaltenegger, Scott McDermott, Zahra Essack, Jon M. Jenkins, Bill Wohler, Joshua N. Winn, S. Seager, Roland Vanderspek, George Zhou, Avi Shporer, Diana Dragomir, William Fong
Summary: We report the discovery of a three-planet system around the bright, Sun-like star HD 22946. Two planets have been validated, and a third potential planet has been identified. The system is dynamically stable and may have room for additional planets. Further study of the star and its planets could provide valuable insights into their masses and atmospheres.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Antoine Darveau-Bernier, Loic Albert, Geert Jan Talens, David Lafreniere, Michael Radica, Rene Doyon, Neil J. Cook, Jason F. Rowe, Romain Allart, Etienne Artigau, Bjorn Benneke, Nicolas Cowan, Lisa Dang, Nestor Espinoza, Doug Johnstone, Lisa Kaltenegger, Olivia Lim, Tyler Pauly, Stefan Pelletier, Caroline Piaulet, Arpita Roy, Pierre-Alexis Roy, Jared Splinter, Jake Taylor, Jake D. Turner
Summary: The SOSS mode of the NIRISS instrument is specifically designed for characterizing the atmospheres of exoplanets, but due to mechanical constraints, there is a potential contamination signal in the extracted spectrum.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joseph Giorgio, Ankeet Tanna, Maura Malpetti, Simon R. White, Jingshen Wang, Suzanne Baker, Susan Landau, Tomotaka Tanaka, Christopher Chen, James B. Rowe, John O'Brien, Jurgen Fripp, Michael Breakspear, William Jagust, Zoe Kourtzi
Summary: This study used a two-stage approach to harmonize cognitive data from different cohorts and derive a cross-cohort score for cognitive impairment due to AD. The results showed that the cognitive composites were robust across cohorts and achieved comparable sensitivity to AD-related cognitive decline. This approach offers a simple and effective way for researchers to harmonize and pool cognitive data for the study of cognitive decline in AD.
ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING
(2023)