Article
Neurosciences
Adam P. Mecca, Kelly Rogers, Zachary Jacobs, Julia W. McDonald, Hannah R. Michalak, Nicole DellaGioia, Wenzhen Zhao, Ansel T. Hillmer, Nabeel Nabulsi, Keunpoong Lim, Jim Ropchan, Yiyun Huang, David Matuskey, Irina Esterlis, Richard E. Carson, Christopher H. van Dyck
Summary: Aging is associated with decreased availability of mGluR5 in the brain, primarily due to tissue loss. This reduction in mGluR5 binding may provide insight into age-related molecular changes and their relationship with brain tissue loss.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christine A. A. Parker, David J. J. Nutt, Robin J. J. Tyacke
Summary: Targeting neuroinflammation, specifically microglial activation and astrocytosis, is a current focus in the development of new treatment interventions for various neurodegenerative disorders. This review focuses on the recent advancements in the development of I2BS PET tracers that target astrocytes and could serve as clinical imaging tools for neurodegenerative diseases. The review discusses five PET tracers for I2BS, with C-11-BU99008 currently being validated for clinical use and showing potential in revealing early astrogliosis involvement in neurodegeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shu Zeng, Min Tao, Lei Yuan, Lili Zhang, Xie Luo
Summary: mGluR5 plays a role in the development of NAFLD, with its antagonist reducing lipid accumulation and its agonist promoting lipid deposition.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicky Scheefhals, Manon Westra, Harold D. MacGillavry
Summary: Through live-cell and super-resolution imaging techniques, it was discovered that mGluR5 is dynamically organized in nanodomains near the synapse, but not directly at the synapse. The C-terminal domain of mGluR5 plays a crucial role in restricting its localization to the perisynaptic nanodomains and prevents its entry into the synapse. Recruitment of mGluR5 to the synapse results in an acute increase in synaptic calcium responses, allowing for flexible modulation of synaptic function.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaotao Xu, Kaixuan Wu, Xiaqing Ma, Wenying Wang, Haiyan Wang, Min Huang, Limin Luo, Chen Su, Tifei Yuan, Haibo Shi, Ji Han, Aizhong Wang, Tao Xu
Summary: The study demonstrates that mGluR5 expressed in the NAc can modulate pain and social avoidance behavior induced by chronic social defeat stress. Overexpression of mGluR5 prevents the development of depressive-like behaviors and pain in susceptible mice, while knockdown of mGluR5 exacerbates these symptoms. Additionally, mGluR5-mediated eCB production in the NAc relieves stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and pain.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Antonia Gurgone, Riccardo Pizzo, Alessandra Raspanti, Giuseppe Chiantia, Sunaina Devi, Debora Comai, Noemi Morello, Federica Pilotto, Sara Gnavi, Leonardo Lupori, Raffaele Mazziotti, Giulia Sagona, Elena Putignano, Alessio Nocentini, Claudiu T. Supuran, Andrea Marcantoni, Tommaso Pizzorusso, Maurizio Giustetto
Summary: Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) deficiency disorder (CDD) is a rare neurodevelopmental disease without a cure. The study suggests that modulating the activity of mGluR5 receptors may help improve synaptic, functional, and behavioral defects in CDD patients. The findings indicate that mGluR5 receptors could be a potential therapeutic target for CDD.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba, John Chea, Hannah Hoag, Mariya Hryb, Candice Bui-Linh, Chun Wu
Summary: This study investigates the binding mechanism between PAM CDPPB and mGluR5 using molecular dynamics simulations and molecular switch analysis. The results demonstrate that PAM CDPPB has a strong binding affinity, can induce conformational changes in the receptor, and stabilize the active conformation.
Article
Immunology
Jie Fu, Lilei Peng, Yang Yang, Yang Xie, Zuoxiao Li, Benbing Rong
Summary: This is a clinical case report of a patient initially misdiagnosed as infectious meningoencephalitis, but later found to have an overlapping syndrome of MOG antibody-related cerebral cortical encephalitis and anti-NMDAR, anti-mGluR5 autoimmune encephalitis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yueqian Sun, James X. X. Tao, Xiong Han, Xiangqing Wang, Yulan Zhu, Yajun Lian, Guoping Ren, Qun Wang
Summary: This study aims to characterize the clinical and neuroimaging features of anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) encephalitis. The results showed that the main clinical manifestations of anti-mGluR5 encephalitis included cognitive deficits, behavioral and mood disturbances, seizures, and sleep disorders. MRI volumetric analysis demonstrated significant amygdala enlargement in both early and chronic disease stages.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui-Min Yang, Yun-Zhong Cheng, Tian-Zhong Hou, Jing-Kai Fan, Li Gu, Jian-Nan Zhang, Hong Zhang
Summary: By analyzing data from various sources, researchers found a negative correlation between a-synuclein and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) and ?-synuclein, suggesting a potential role of a-synuclein in liver cancer progression regulation. Upregulated a-synuclein was found to suppress the growth, migration, and invasion of hepatoma cells through its interaction with mGluR5 and ?-synuclein, leading to their degradation via the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. In vivo experiments further confirmed the inhibitory effect of upregulated a-synuclein on tumorigenesis in liver cancer tissues. These findings provide insights into the connection between Parkinson's disease and liver cancer and offer a new therapeutic strategy for liver cancer treatment.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica M. de Souza, Talita H. Ferreira-Vieira, Esther M. A. Maciel, Nathalia C. Silva, Izabella B. Quirino Lima, Juliana G. Doria, Isabella G. Olmo, Fabiola M. Ribeiro
Summary: Glutamate receptors, particularly mGluR5, play a role in learning and memory impairments linked to aging and neurological diseases. This study examines the mGluR5-dependent signaling pathways involved in normal brain aging and Huntington's Disease (HD). The findings suggest that mGluR5 is essential for memory function and distinguish the specific signaling pathways related to age-related alterations and HD.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sepideh Afshar, Sevda Lule, Gengyang Yuan, Xiying Qu, Chuzhi Pan, Michael Whalen, Anna-Liisa Brownell, Maria Mody
Summary: This study investigated the function of metabotropic glutamate subtype 5 receptors (mGluR5) in fragile X syndrome (FXS) using longitudinal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The results showed that mGluR5 availability was significantly lower in relevant brain areas in FXS patients. Additionally, mGluR5 availability changed with age, with different patterns in males and females.
TRANSLATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hualong Fu, Jian Rong, Zhen Chen, Jingyin Zhou, Thomas Collier, Steven H. Liang
Summary: This article presents a comprehensive overview of 5-HTR PET ligands, focusing on their chemotypes and performance in PET imaging studies. It also summarizes recent drug discoveries related to 5-HTR, including biased agonists and allosteric modulators, which could lead to the development of more potent and subtype-selective 5-HTR PET ligands and enhance our understanding of 5-HTR biology.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Cornelia Carey, Nisha Singh, Joel T. Dunn, Teresa Sementa, Maria Andreina Mendez, Hester Velthuis, Andreia C. Pereira, Charlotte Marie Pretzsch, Jamie Horder, Stefan Hader, David J. Lythgoe, Diana-Georgina Rotaru, Anthony Gee, Diana Cash, Mattia Veronese, Declan Murphy, Grainne McAlonan
Summary: This study directly examined the relationship between the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) and glutamate or GABA in the human brain of autistic individuals. The results showed that autistic individuals had significantly higher mGluR5 binding in a specific region, and there was a strong negative correlation between GABA and mGluR5 density. These findings suggest that an increase in mGluR5 in autism may relate to GABAergic interneuron abnormalities.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ya-Nan Zhang, Jing-Kai Fan, Li Gu, Hui-Min Yang, Shu-Qin Zhan, Hong Zhang
Summary: The research demonstrated that mGluR5 inhibits alpha-synuclein-induced microglia inflammation to protect against neurotoxicity, while alpha-synuclein promotes the degradation of mGluR5 through lysosomal pathway to accelerate neuroinflammation. This novel mechanism may serve as a potential therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kerri-Lee Wallom, Maria E. Fernandez-Suarez, David A. Priestman, Danielle te Vruchte, Mylene Huebecker, Penelope J. Hallett, Ole Isacson, Frances M. Platt
Summary: Studies have shown that variants in the lysosomal glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) are a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), and variants in multiple genes linked to diseases of glycosphingolipid (GSL) metabolism are also associated with PD. This indicates the importance of GSLs in the healthy brain and how lipid imbalances and lysosomal dysfunction are related to normal ageing and neurodegenerative diseases.
GLYCOCONJUGATE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emilio Gomez-Gonzalez, Alejandro Barriga-Rivera, Beatriz Fernandez-Munoz, Jose Manuel Navas-Garcia, Isabel Fernandez-Lizaranzu, Francisco Javier Munoz-Gonzalez, Ruben Parrilla-Giraldez, Desiree Requena-Lancharro, Pedro Gil-Gamboa, Cristina Rosell-Valle, Carmen Gomez-Gonzalez, Maria Jose Mayorga-Buiza, Maria Martin-Lopez, Olga Munoz, Juan Carlos Gomez-Martin, Maria Isabel Relimpio-Lopez, Jesus Aceituno-Castro, Manuel A. Perales-Esteve, Antonio Puppo-Moreno, Francisco Jose Garcia-Cozar, Lucia Olvera-Collantes, Raquel Gomez-Diaz, Silvia de los Santos-Trigo, Monserrat Huguet-Carrasco, Manuel Rey, Emilia Gomez, Rosario Sanchez-Pernaute, Javier Padillo-Ruiz, Javier Marquez-Rivas
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of using hyperspectral image analysis in the visible and near-infrared range for primary screening of SARS-CoV-2. By applying spectral feature descriptors, partial least square-discriminant analysis, and artificial intelligence, information can be extracted from fluid samples and analyzed quantitatively and descriptively. The proposed technology is reagent-free, fast, scalable, and could significantly reduce the number of molecular tests required for COVID-19 mass screening, even in resource-limited settings.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ane Murueta-Goyena, Raffaela Cipriani, Mar Carmona-Abellan, Marian Acera, Naia Ayo, Rocio Del Pino, Beatriz Tijero, Tamara Fernandez-Valle, Inigo Gabilondo, Fatima Zallo, Carlos Matute, Rosario Sanchez-Pernaute, Vikram Khurana, Fabio Cavaliere, Estibaliz Capetillo-Zarate, Juan Carlos Gomez-Esteban
Summary: The levels of molecular biomarkers in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of E46K-SNCA mutation carriers are highly correlated with clinical outcomes, suggesting that these biomarkers may be useful for tracking the conversion from asymptomatic to PD and predicting the progression to PD dementia.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Praneeth Kandlakunta, Matthew Van Zile, Lei Raymond Cao
Summary: The feasibility of using solar cells for post-detonation monitoring, as well as gamma-ray monitoring, was evaluated in this study through Monte Carlo simulations and experiments. The response of commercial silicon solar cells to Cs-137 and Co-60 gamma rays was measured, and the results were in good agreement with the simulations. The damage mechanism and recovery process in solar cells caused by gamma radiation were also investigated.
NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oliver Cooper, Penny Hallett, Ole Isacson
Summary: Brain health relies on adaptability and resetting after challenges. Neurodegeneration occurs when adaptability is restricted. Accumulation of lipids compromises adaptability in neural circuits. Treatment targeting lipid metabolism can restore adaptive homeostasis in individuals at risk of cognitive decline.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xuezeng Dai, Chengbin Fei, Praneeth Kandlakunta, Liang Zhao, Zhenyi Ni, Lei R. Cao, Jinsong Huang
Summary: Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) show promise in both terrestrial and space applications. However, the high-energy radiation in outer space can damage these cells. In this study, the researchers investigated the response of PSCs to X-ray radiation and found that the damage was caused by the displacement of I- ions, creating lattice defects. They verified their hypothesis through simulations and in situ electronic responses. Furthermore, they discovered that the perovskite/PTAA interface was the most rapidly degraded area in the PSCs.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hsinhan Tsai, Dibyajyoti Ghosh, Wyatt Panaccione, Li-Yun Su, Cheng-Hung Hou, Leeyih Wang, Lei Raymond Cao, Sergei Tretiak, Wanyi Nie
Summary: This research reveals a direct correlation between the voltage instability of perovskite-based solid-state radiation detectors and humidity levels. By adding a protective barrier layer on the perovskite, the voltage damage can be prevented and stability can be enhanced. The study provides a mechanistic understanding and a practical solution for addressing the voltage instability in solid-state radiation detectors.
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ibrahim Oksuz, Matthew Bisbee, Nerine Cherepy, James Hall, Andrew Townsend, Joe Tringe, Lei Cao
Summary: Fast neutron computed tomography (nCT) allows for structural examination of dense objects composed of both low- and high-atomic number elements. In this study, two imaging phantoms made of stainless steel, lead, and antimony, and containing High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) inserts, were used to demonstrate the capabilities of nCT. The results showed that nCT can effectively reveal the internal structure of the phantoms and features in the HDPE inserts shielded by high-Z materials.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. G. Bisbee, I. Oksuz, M. P. VanZile, N. J. Cherepy, L. R. Cao
Summary: A fast neutron tomography imaging instrument with the capability of thermal neutron imaging has been designed, built, and tested at The Ohio State University. The instrument consists of a water-cooled Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Device camera, a front-surface mirror, and a high light yield plastic scintillator. It is equipped with 5 motion-control stages for sample positioning and features automated image acquisition and on-line focusing. The reconstructed tomographic images have a high spatial resolution and are visualized using specialized software.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nicholas J. Queen, Xunchang Zou, Jacqueline M. Anderson, Wei Huang, Bhavya Appana, Suraj Komatineni, Rachel Wevrick, Lei Cao
Summary: This preclinical study assessed the potential therapeutic effects of hypothalamic BDNF gene therapy on metabolic dysfunction in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). The results showed that hypothalamic BDNF gene transfer improved metabolic abnormalities in PWS, including weight gain, fat mass, energy expenditure, glucose metabolism, and insulin sensitivity.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacqueline M. M. Anderson, Amber A. A. Boardman, Rhiannon Bates, Xunchang Zou, Wei Huang, Lei Cao
Summary: Enriched environment (EE) improves metabolic and behavioral outcomes in BTBR mice, potentially through the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway. Overexpression of TrkB.FL BDNF receptor in the hypothalamus of BTBR mice improves metabolic phenotypes but does not affect behavioral deficits.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Carol Smidts, Gustavo Reyes, Cassiano Endres de Oliveira, Lei Raymond Cao
Summary: This paper discusses the research challenges of nuclear security and safeguards posed by nuclear fission batteries, which are easily transportable and deployable nuclear systems. It analyzes the impact on domestic and international safeguards and security and identifies gaps in technology development for practical deployment. The study highlights the need for comprehensive cyber tools and security considerations from the design phase.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hsinhan Tsai, Lei Pan, Xinxin Li, Jinkyoung Yoo, Sergei Tretiak, Xuedan Ma, Lei R. Cao, Wanyi Nie
Summary: The study reports a perovskite polycrystalline thin film detector fabricated by solution method, which is a low-cost, scalable technology for radiation imaging. However, the thin volume of the detector limits its sensing efficiency for high-energy X-ray photons. Detailed characterizations reveal that a charge multiplication effect is responsible for the observed high gain. The study also identifies that the use of butylamine spacers in the 2D perovskite thin film leads to a larger efficiency gain compared to phenylethylamines.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
M. G. Bisbee, A. J. Hardy, I. Oksuz, L. R. Cao, N. J. Cherepy, D. J. Schneberk, K. M. Champley, A. P. Townsend, K. J. Harke, J. V. Bernier, J. Tringe, S. Karimi
Summary: X-ray computed tomography (CT) systems and fast neutron CT have different strengths and limitations in producing high resolution images. X-ray systems can detect small features, while fast neutron CT can penetrate high atomic number materials and reduce beam hardening artifacts.
HARD X-RAY, GAMMA-RAY, AND NEUTRON DETECTOR PHYSICS XXIV
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
Daryl Giglio, Sha Xue, Katie Hoffman, Praneeth Kandlakunta, Herny Spitz, Vasil Hlinka, Lei R. Cao
Summary: In this study, SiC Schottky diodes fabricated in-house were used to investigate the durability and radiation damage of the devices through electrodeposition of alpha emitting actinide Am-241. The results showed a degradation in the alpha particles' energy spectrum, which could be reversed by optical excitation. In addition, device performance was simulated using Allpix(2). This research provides insights into the potential use of 4H-SiC as an energy converter and its survivability in harsh environments.
HARD X-RAY, GAMMA-RAY, AND NEUTRON DETECTOR PHYSICS XXIV
(2022)
