Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mette Glavind Bulow Pedersen, Esben Sondergaard, Camilla Bak Nielsen, Mogens Johannsen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Niels Moller, Niels Jessen, Nikolaj Rittig
Summary: Oral lactate administration can directly affect the upper gastrointestinal tract, altering gut hormone secretion, motility, and appetite sensations, which cannot be solely mediated by lactate in the systemic circulation. This may have implications for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chenxi Wu, Lance T. Hall, David C. Brandon
Summary: An 82-year-old man underwent outpatient nuclear medicine gastric-emptying scintigraphy for dysphagia and regurgitation. The scintigraphy showed delayed gastric emptying but subsequent CT scan and upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy revealed normal stomach size and function, with an enormously dilated esophagus indicating achalasia. It is important to pay attention to the location and shape of the visualized stomach and recognize that a significantly dilated esophagus can mimic an elongated stomach during scintigraphy.
CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Raj K. Goyal
Summary: Research shows that gastric emptying abnormalities in diabetes can lead to postprandial dyspepsia and impaired plasma glucose regulation. Treatment should address whether the emptying is delayed or rapid.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Seung-Ju Hwang, Jing-Hua Wang, Jin-Seok Lee, Hwa-Dong Lee, Tae-Joon Choi, Seo-Hyung Choi, Chang-Gue Son
Summary: This study demonstrated the clinical relevance of Yeokwisan in treating functional dyspepsia by promoting gastric emptying while not affecting small intestinal transit. The key mechanisms underlying these effects may involve modulation of the ghrelin pathway and activation of interstitial cells of Cajal in stomach tissue.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hideki Mori, Wout Verbeure, Jolien Schol, Florencia Carbone, Jan Tack
Summary: This review evaluates recent research findings on the association between gastrointestinal hormones and regulation of gastric emptying. Motilin and ghrelin stimulate gastric motility during fasting, while most postprandial hormones inhibit gastric motility. Serotonin has varying effects on gastric motility depending on the receptor subtype. Serotonin receptor agonists have been used clinically to treat dyspepsia symptoms, and other hormone receptor agonists and antagonists are still in development. Glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists have gastric motility and appetite-suppressing effects, and are used in the treatment of obesity and diabetes. Gastrointestinal hormones play a critical role in the regulation of gastric motility. Although several drugs targeting gastrointestinal hormones or their receptors have been developed for the treatment of delayed gastric emptying, few have been commercialized.
CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINOLOGY DIABETES AND OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiao-Long Hu, Xian-Yu Lv, Rong Wang, Huan Long, Jia-Hao Feng, Bao-Lin Wang, Wei Shen, Hao Liu, Fei Xiong, Xiao-Qi Zhang, Wen-Cai Ye, Hao Wang
Summary: N-Phenylpropenoyl-L-amino acids (NPAs) have been modified structurally to enhance their inhibitory activity against iNOS and BBB permeability, resulting in the discovery of 20 optimized derivatives, among which compound 18 demonstrates potent activity, high BBB permeability, and selectivity towards iNOS, making it a promising candidate for treating Parkinson's disease.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fiona Peris-Sampedro, Iris Stoltenborg, Marie Le May, Pol Sole-Navais, Roger A. H. Adan, Suzanne L. Dickson
Summary: Environmental cues from palatable foods can drive rats to overconsume plain chow by impacting meal patterns, stimulating food-seeking and risk-taking behavior, and causing active ghrelin release. These cues recruit cells within the feeding circuitry, including those containing the ghrelin receptor, to powerfully drive food consumption in ways associated with heightened hunger.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christian E. Edvardsson, Jesper Vestlund, Elisabet Jerlhag
Summary: This study demonstrates that the ghrelin receptor antagonist, JMV2959, can block the increase in dopamine release in the VTA and NAc shell induced by central ghrelin, as well as reduce alcohol- and amphetamine-induced dopamine release in these areas. Additionally, the ghrelin-induced dopamine release in the VTA is correlated with locomotor stimulation in mice.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jazmin Ayman, Miklos Palotai, Roberta Dochnal, Zsolt Bagosi
Summary: Ghrelin and nicotine play a role in dopamine signaling implicated in nicotine addiction. Ghrelin amplifies the release of dopamine more significantly than nicotine, and this effect can be inhibited by specific receptor antagonists.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Peter Kempster, Andrew Ma
Summary: A large proportion of drugs for neurological disorders are derived from naturally occurring compounds, especially plant alkaloids. The treatment of Parkinson's disease has strong botanical origins, with plant-derived substances playing a significant role. The interaction between plant compounds and animal dopaminergic systems has deep evolutionary roots.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lai Wei, Rajan Singh, Se Eun Ha, Alyce M. Martin, Lauren A. Jones, Byungchang Jin, Brian G. Jorgensen, Hannah Zogg, Tyler Chervo, Andres Gottfried-Blackmore, Linda Nguyen, Aida Habtezion, Nick J. Spencer, Damien J. Keating, Kenton M. Sanders, Seungil Ro
Summary: The study utilized a transgenic mouse line specific to EC cells to investigate the pathophysiologic roles of 5-HT deficiency in gastric motility. Findings indicated a new mechanism of 5-HT deficiency in idiopathic gastroparesis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yanmin Wang, Xiaomei Guo, Dong Sun, Ghassan S. S. Kassab
Summary: This study found that ileal interposition (IT) surgery prolongs gastrointestinal (GI) emptying time but promotes gut hormone secretion, leading to improved diabetic control.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tsukasa Nozu, Saori Miyagishi, Masatomo Ishioh, Kaoru Takakusaki, Toshikatsu Okumura
Summary: This study found that gastric ileus induced by abdominal surgery is mediated through TLR4 and IL-1 signaling, and phlorizin can improve this gastric ileus. Phlorizin may improve gastric ileus by activating ghrelin signaling and inhibiting SGLT2.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nick Goelen, Mike Jones, I-Hsuan Huang, Florenca Carbone, Pieter Janssen, Jan Tack
Summary: Gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia are disorders characterized by upper gastrointestinal symptoms and multifaceted etiologies. The association between symptom improvement and acceleration of gastric emptying (GE) by prokinetic agents is not clear. This meta-analysis aimed to provide a transparent update on the association between symptom improvement and GE acceleration in patients with gastroparesis.
UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junewoo Na, Byong Seo Park, Doohyeong Jang, Donggue Kim, Thai Hien Tu, Youngjae Ryu, Chang Man Ha, Marco Koch, Sungchil Yang, Jae Geun Kim, Sunggu Yang
Summary: This study extensively characterizes the AgRP, POMC, and dopaminergic neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc). The distinct anatomical and physiological properties of these neurons in response to appetite-regulating hormones are identified. This research highlights the importance of hypothalamic Arc neurons in appetite control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lucas Wauters, Ram Dickman, Vasile Drug, Agata Mulak, Jordi Serra, Paul Enck, Jan Tack, Anna Accarino, Giovanni Barbara, Serhat Bor, Benoit Coffin, Maura Corsetti, Heiko De Schepper, Dan Dumitrascu, Adam Farmer, Guillaume Gourcerol, Goran Hauser, Trygve Hausken, George Karamanolis, Daniel Keszthelyi, Carolin Malagelada, Tomislav Milosavljevic, Jean Muris, Colm O'Morain, Athanassos Papathanasopoulos, Daniel Pohl, Diana Rumyantseva, Giovanni Sarnelli, Edoardo Savarino, Jolien Schol, Arkady Sheptulin, Annemieke Smet, Andreas Stengel, Olga Storonova, Martin Storr, Hans Tornblom, Tim Vanuytsel, Monica Velosa, Marek Waluga, Natalia Zarate, Frank Zerbib
Summary: Functional dyspepsia is a common condition in clinical practice, but there are major uncertainties regarding its definition, underlying pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. A multinational group of European experts summarized the current state of consensus on the definition, diagnosis, and management of FD.
UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Antonina Mikocka-Walus, David Skvarc, Miranda A. L. van Tilburg, Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta, Floor Bennebroek Evertsz, Charles N. Bernstein, Johan Burisch, Nuno Ferreira, Richard B. Gearry, Lesley A. Graff, Sharon Jedel, Anna Mokrowiecka, Andreas Stengel, Simon Knowles
Summary: The study found a significant relationship between product shortages and psychological distress among individuals with GI disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Issues accessing food, non-medical therapies, toilet paper, and essential medication were reported by a notable percentage of participants. Toilet paper and pain medication shortages were positively associated with distress, while food shortages were negatively associated. Moderation effects were identified for COVID-19 prevalence and fear in relation to shortages and distress.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Franziska Hauth, Barbara Gehler, Andreas Michael Niess, Katharina Fischer, Andreas Toepell, Vanessa Heinrich, Inka Roesel, Andreas Peter, Mirjam Renovanz, Andreas Hartkopf, Andreas Stengel, Daniel Zips, Cihan Gani
Summary: This study proposes a novel approach of implementing a patient-executed, activity tracker-guided exercise program to investigate its impact on cancer-related fatigue, health-related quality of life, and preoperative health status in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Both OnkoFit I and OnkoFit II trials have started recruiting patients, with a target of 201 participants in each trial.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Selina Johanna Schaper, Andreas Stengel
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction characterized by altered stress reactivity in patients, with unclear attribution to the syndrome itself or high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities. Psychological stress may lead to increased IBS-specific symptoms and changes in gastrointestinal motility.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
M. Bitzer, S. Voesch, J. Albert, P. Bartenstein, W. Bechstein, S. Bloedt, T. Brunner, F. Dombrowski, M. Evert, M. Follmann, C. La Fougere, P. Freudenberger, A. Geier, E. Gkika, M. Goetz, E. Hammes, T. Helmberger, R. T. Hoffmann, W. P. Hofmann, P. Huppert, A. Kautz, G. Knoetgen, J. Koerber, D. Krug, F. Lammert, H. Lang, T. Langer, P. Lenz, A. Mahnken, A. Meining, O. Micke, S. Nadalin, H. P. Nguyen, J. Ockenga, K. Oldhafer, P. Paprottka, K. Paradies, P. Pereira, T. Persigehl, M. Plauth, R. Plentz, J. Pohl, J. Riemer, P. Reimer, J. Ringwald, U. Ritterbusch, E. Roeb, B. Schellhaas, P. Schirmacher, I Schmid, A. Schuler, D. von Schweinitz, D. Seehofer, M. Sinn, A. Stein, A. Stengel, N. Steubesand, C. Stoll, A. Tannapfel, A. Taubert, J. Trojan, I van Thiel, R. Tholen, A. Vogel, T. Vogl, H. Vorwerk, F. Wacker, O. Waidmann, H. Wedemeyer, H. Wege, D. Wildner, C. Wittekind, M. A. Woerns, P. Galle, N. Malek
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jutta Keller, Thilo Wedel, Holger Seidl, Martin E. Kreis, Ivo van der Voort, Maximilian Gebhard, Jost Langhorst, Petra Lynen Jansen, Oliver Schwandner, Martin Storr, Pia van Leeuwen, Viola Andresen, Jan C. PreiSS, Peter Layer, H. Allescher, T. Andus, S. C. Bischoff, S. Buderus, M. Classen, U. Ehlert, S. Elsenbruch, M. Engel, A. Enninger, W. Fischbach, M. Freitag, T. Frieling, A. Gillessen, M. Goebel-Stengel, J. Gschossmann, F. Gundling, S. Haag, W. Haeuser, U. Helwig, S. Hollerbach, G. Holtmann, M. Karaus, M. Katschinski, H. Krammer, W. Kruis, R. Kuhlbusch-Zicklam, P. Lynen Jansen, A. Madisch, H. Matthes, S. Miehlke, H. Monnikes, S. Muller-Lissner, B. Niesler, C. Pehl, D. Pohl, C. Posovszky, M. Raithel, G. Roehrig-Herzog, R. Schafert, M. Schemann, A. Schmidt-Choudhury, S. Schmiedel, A. Schweinlin, J. Schwille-Kiuntke, A. Stengel, J. Tesarz, W. Voderholzer, G. von Boyen, J. von Schonfeld
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Miriam Goebel-Stengel, Jacqueline Lohmiller, Norbert Schaeffeler, Stephan Zipfel, Andreas Stengel
Summary: This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in Germany. The results showed that compared to FD patients, IBS patients experienced a greater increase in gastrointestinal symptoms during the pandemic, sought medical attention more frequently, and had a higher level of social withdrawal due to gastrointestinal symptoms. Furthermore, IBS patients expressed higher concerns about the potential adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccination on gastrointestinal symptoms.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Tiemo Friedrich, Martha Anna Schalla, Miriam Goebel-Stengel, Peter Kobelt, Matthias Rose, Andreas Stengel
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of LPS-induced inflammatory stress on the activity of brain nuclei-expressing phoenixin. It was found that LPS stress significantly increased c-Fos and phoenixin expression in multiple brain nuclei, which was distinctively different from restraint stress.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Bree Hayes, Pragalathan Apputhurai, Antonina Mikocka-Walus, Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta, Charles N. Bernstein, Rebecca Burgell, Johan Burisch, Floor Bennebroek Evertsz, Nuno Ferreira, Lesley A. Graff, Ines A. Trindade, Richard Gearry, Bobby Lo, Anna Mokrowiecka, Gabriele Moser, Megan Petrik, Andreas Stengel, Simon R. Knowles
Summary: The study used an extended common sense model to evaluate the impact of fear of COVID-19 on quality of life in an international cohort with inflammatory bowel disease. The findings suggest that interventions targeting individual perceptions of fear of COVID-19 may enhance quality of life during the pandemic.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN MEDICAL SETTINGS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophia Kristina Rupp, Andreas Stengel
Summary: Studies have shown that NUCB2/nesfatin-1 is widely distributed in the brain and spinal cord and plays a role in autonomic regulation, with nesfatin-1 modulating autonomic functions in various regions. Additionally, the autonomic nervous system influences the activity of nesfatin-1 neurons, with the vagus nerve playing a crucial role in nesfatin-1 regulation. While data is still limited, research has clearly demonstrated the complex interplay between nesfatin-1 and the autonomic nervous system.
Review
Neurosciences
Sophia Kristina Rupp, Andreas Stengel
Summary: This review examines the pathophysiology and treatment methods of functional dyspepsia. The findings suggest that psychotherapy and probiotics have a positive effect on improving symptoms of functional dyspepsia.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Norbert Schaeffeler, Jacqueline Lohmiller, Isabelle Mack, Rami Archid, Stephan Zipfel, Andreas Stengel
Summary: Obese individuals do not generally perceive an increased risk for a more severe course of COVID-19 infection. Specifically, individuals with a very high BMI (>50) display lower worries, despite being at a higher risk for severe COVID-19 disease, which suggests heightened denial.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Elias Kowalski, Andreas Stengel, Axel Schneider, Miriam Goebel-Stengel, Stephan Zipfel, Johanna Graf
Summary: This study investigated the factors influencing vaccination willingness among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 and identified specific groups hesitant to get vaccinated. Factors associated with lower vaccination willingness included younger age, foreign nationality, low income, low trust in vaccination effectiveness, and fear of negative vaccination effects. The study suggests personalized vaccination campaigns and low-threshold vaccination education targeting different groups of infected individuals.
Review
Psychiatry
Anne Bach, Klara Knauer, Johanna Graf, Norbert Schaeffeler, Andreas Stengel
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, comorbid anxiety-depression, and PTSD in cancer survivors, and to compare the differences between different tumor types. The results showed that psychiatric comorbidities are more common in cancer survivors than in the general population, and there are variations in prevalence among different tumor types.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lucas Wauters, Ram Dickman, Vasile Drug, Agata Mulak, Jordi Serra, Paul Enck, Jan Tack, Anna Accarino, Giovanni Barbara, Serhat Bor, Benoit Coffin, Maura Corsetti, Heiko De Schepper, Dan Dumitrascu, Adam Farmer, Guillaume Gourcerol, Goran Hauser, Trygve Hausken, George Karamanolis, Daniel Keszthelyi, Carolin Malagelada, Tomislav Milosavljevic, Jean Muris, Colm O'Morain, Athanassos Papathanasopoulos, Daniel Pohl, Diana Rumyantseva, Giovanni Sarnelli, Edoardo Savarino, Jolien Schol, Arkady Sheptulin, Annemieke Smet, Andreas Stengel, Olga Storonova, Martin Storr, Hans Tornblom, Tim Vanuytsel, Monica Velosa, Marek Waluga, Natalia Zarate, Frank Zerbib
Summary: A multinational group of European experts achieved consensus on the definition, diagnosis, and management of functional dyspepsia, including cardinal symptoms, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)