Article
Plant Sciences
Cicero Andre Ferreira Macedo, Gabriela Olinda de Paiva, Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes, Tiago Feitosa Ribeiro, Mariana Coelho Brito, Deisy Azevedo Dourado Vilela, Luiz Antonio Miranda de Souza Duarte Filho, Fernanda Pires Rodrigues de Almeida Ribeiro, Angelica Maria Lucchese, Julianeli Tolentino de Lima, Fabricio Souza Silva
Summary: The essential oil of L. origanoides has shown to have tocolytic activity in experimental models, possibly by opening potassium channels, increasing cAMP, and reducing intracellular calcium levels. This relaxing effect may help reduce pain in animal dysmenorrhea models, and can be potentiated by the drugs nifedipine or mefenamic acid.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
George Lambrinos, Vivian Cristofaro, Kristine Pelton, Alexander Bigger-Allen, Claire Doyle, Evalynn Vasquez, Diane R. Bielenberg, Maryrose P. Sullivan, Rosalyn M. Adam
Summary: Appropriate coordination of smooth muscle contraction and relaxation is crucial for normal colonic motility. This study discovered that neuropilin 2 (Nrp2) is highly expressed in colonic smooth muscle in mice and humans. Deletion of Nrp2 in smooth muscle resulted in increased contractility and enhanced colonic motility. These findings highlight the potential of Nrp2 as a novel target for conditions characterized by abnormal colonic motility.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xu Ji, Yu Qiao, Weijiang Zheng, Honglin Jiang, Wen Yao
Summary: The research indicates that exposure to deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination significantly impairs growth performance in piglets, reduces smooth muscle cells contractility and interferes with intestinal motility. Additionally, oral DON supplementation in mice also inhibits upper intestinal transit and decreases contractile markers expression in the small intestine.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Carlos Arthur G. Veloso, Indyra Alencar D. Figueiredo, Gleice Rayanne da Silva, Jose Iranildo Miranda de Melo, Marcelo S. da Silva, Josean F. Tavares, Fabiana de A. Cavalcante, Vicente Carlos de O. Costa
Summary: Pharmacological studies on Varronia dardani leaves extract showed non-selective spasmolytic activity in various tissues, with flavonoids identified as potential bioactive compounds responsible for this activity.
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Guadalupe E. Angeles-Lopez, Ma Eva Gonzalez-Trujano, R. Rodriguez, M. Deciga-Campos, F. Brindis, R. Ventura-Martinez
Summary: The study showed the antinociceptive and spasmolytic effects of J. spicigera ethanol extract in in vivo and/or in vitro assays. The extract had a regulatory effect on intestinal tissue motility and provided significant abdominal antinociceptive response in mice.
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuan Feng, Wan Dai, Junyu Ke, Yong Cui, Shuang Li, Jingjing Ma, Wenfeng Guo, Gang Chen, Ning Li, Yanwu Li
Summary: Valerian extract capsule (VEC) is an effective Chinese patent medicine used for gastrointestinal diseases and has shown potential gastroprotective effects.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Markus Vogt, Benjamin Schulz, Ahmed Wagdi, Jan Lebert, Gijsbert J. van Belle, Jan Christoph, Tobias Bruegmann, Robert Patejdl
Summary: This study demonstrates the direct optogenetic stimulation of smooth muscle cells to control gastric contractility, showing promising potential for restoring motility in gastroparesis in the future.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shrilakshmi Hegde, Daniel W. Shi, John C. Johnson, Ramasatyaveni Geesala, Ke Zhang, You-Min Lin, Xuan-Zheng Shi
Summary: The consumption of coffee has been found to be beneficial for postoperative ileus. This study investigated the mechanisms behind these benefits and found that coffee stimulates gut smooth muscle contractions and inhibits gut microbiota.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tae Sik Sung, Suk Bae Moon, Brian A. Perrino, Kenton M. Sanders, Sang Don Koh
Summary: The response of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) is altered in the inflamed colon, leading to changes in colonic smooth muscle function and expression.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sang Don Koh, Bernard T. Drumm, Hongli Lu, Hyun Jin Kim, Seung-Bum Ryoo, Heung-Up Kim, Ji Yeon Lee, Poong-Lyul Rhee, Qianqian Wang, Thomas W. Gould, Dante Heredia, Brian A. Perrino, Sung Jin Hwang, Sean M. Ward, Kenton M. Sanders
Summary: The peristaltic reflex is a fundamental behavior of the gastrointestinal tract, involving the activation of neurons to produce propulsive contractions. This study found that there are mechanisms other than cholinergic neurons involved in the generation and propagation of colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs), and that poststimulus excitations in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) play a role in this process. These findings provide alternative insights into the mechanisms of CMMCs in the colon.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
W. Arnout van Hattem, Neal Shahidi, Sergei Vosko, Iddo Bar-Yishay, Scott Schoeman, Mayenaaz Sidhu, Duncan McLeod, Michael J. Bourke
Summary: LPRL of the sigmoid colon display a distinct endoscopic profile, with features such as broad-based morphology, obscured vascular pattern, blurred crypts, and irregular spacing of sparse crypts. While generally non-neoplastic, focal histological dysplasia was identified in 50% of cases, warranting consideration of EMR.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yoko Igarashi-Hisayoshi, Eikichi Ihara, Xiaopeng Bai, Chika Higashi, Hiroko Ikeda, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Mayumi Hirano, Haruei Ogino, Takatoshi Chinen, Yasushi Taguchi, Yoshihiro Ogawa
Summary: This study investigated the region-specific role of the M-3 receptor in gastrointestinal motility using a novel positive allosteric modulator (PAM-369). The results showed that PAM-369 selectively potentiated the M-3 receptor without agonistic or antagonistic activity and increased small intestinal transit in mice. However, it had no effect on colonic transit. This study provides the first direct evidence of the different functional roles of the M-3 receptor between the small intestine and colon.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Na Wang, Haojiang Zuo, Yujie Xu, Yong Zhou, Ailing Wei, Ka Li
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between alterations in gut microbiota and postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in older patients with colon cancer. The results will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of gut microbiota on postoperative gastrointestinal function.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel L. Wolfson, Amira Abdelaziz, Genelle Rankin, Sarah Kushner, Lijun Qi, Ofer Mazor, Seungwon Choi, Nikhil Sharma, David D. Ginty
Summary: The properties of neurons that innervate the distal colon are not well defined. This study identified distinct subsets of colon-innervating neurons with different morphologic and physiologic characteristics. These neurons exhibit diverse force thresholds to colon distension, and a specific subset mediates behavioral responses to high levels of distension and inflammation. This finding provides a potential target for therapeutic intervention in gastrointestinal diseases.
Article
Physiology
John C. Johnson, Ramasatyaveni Geesala, Ke Zhang, You-Min Lin, Amosy E. M'Koma, Xuan-Zheng Shi
Summary: Smooth muscle dysfunctions contribute to symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease. This study found that mechanical stress plays a role in muscle dysfunction in a rat model of Crohn's-like colitis.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sara Traserra, Claudia Barber, Jane Maclnnes, Lucia Relea, Lewis C. MacPherson, Margaret R. Cunningham, Patri Vergara, Anna Accarino, Charles Kennedy, Marcel Jimenez
Summary: BPTU affects purinergic neurotransmission in pig and human gastrointestinal tissues by inhibiting P2Y(1) receptors. However, the concentration needed for effectiveness is higher in pig tissue compared to human colonic tissue.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Fabio Riefolo, Rosalba Sortino, Carlo Matera, Enrique Claro, Beatrice Preda, Simone Vitiello, Sara Traserra, Marcel Jimenez, Pau Gorostiza
Summary: Tricyclic chemical structures are essential for many important drugs targeting various diseases. Researchers have developed photoisomerizable ligands based on azobenzene to mimic tricyclic structures and achieve light-controlled pharmacological action. This strategy shows effective inhibition in muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and may provide a novel approach for targeted therapy.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maura Corsetti, Sylvie Forestier, Marcel Jimenez
Summary: This review aims to provide an updated overview of the mechanisms of action of HBB and its clinical efficacy to guide clinical practice and future research.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paula Vinas, Mireia Bolivar-Prados, Noemi Tomsen, Alicia Costa, Sergio Marin, Stephanie A. Riera, Nuria Barcons, Pere Clave
Summary: This article aims to assess the hydration status in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and the effect of thickened fluid (TF) therapy on it. Results show that dehydration is a common complication in OD and TF therapy has a positive effect on hydration status, although strict monitoring of fluid intake is necessary.
Article
Mathematics
Xavier Marimon, Sara Traserra, Marcel Jimenez, Andres Ospina, Raul Benitez
Summary: This study presents a method for detecting mechanical signaling anomalies in cardiac tissue using deep learning and two anomaly detectors. The approach accurately identifies the time position of anomalies and addresses challenges such as noise and variability. The study shows the effectiveness of a LSTM-based detector in experimental mechanical recordings of cardiac tissue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergi Casabella-Ramon, Veronica Jimenez-Sabado, Carmen Tarifa, Sandra Casellas, Tien Tina Lu, Paloma Izquierdo-Castro, Ignasi Gich, Marcel Jimenez, Antonino Ginel, Jose M. Guerra, S. R. Wayne Chen, Raul Benitez, Leif Hove-Madsen
Summary: A hallmark of atrial fibrillation is excessive spontaneous calcium release events, which can be mimicked by beta 1- or beta 2-adrenergic stimulation. The study found that beta 2-adrenergic stimulation alone can stimulate phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and enhance spontaneous calcium release. The non-selective beta-blocker carvedilol, particularly the R-enantiomer, can reverse these effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noemi Tomsen, Omar Ortega, Daniel Alvarez-Berdugo, Laia Rofes, Pere Clave
Summary: This study compared the effects of increasing bolus viscosity and using TRPV1, TRPA1, or TRPM8 agonists on the swallow response in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). The results showed that fluid thickening and substances like capsaicin and piperine significantly improved swallow safety and speed, providing potential candidates for the development of new pharmacological strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paula Vinas, Alberto Martin-Martinez, Claudia Alarcon, Stephanie A. Riera, Jaume Miro, Cristina Amado, Pere Clave, Omar Ortega
Summary: The prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD), malnutrition (MN), and mortality among COVID-19 patients was found to be very high. OD was independently associated with MN and mortality. Early and proactive multimodal nutritional intervention can improve the nutritional status of patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura Diaz-Marugan, Mattia Gallizioli, Leonardo Marquez-Kisinousky, Silvia Arboleya, Annalaura Mastrangelo, Francisca Ruiz-Jaen, Jordi Pedragosa, Climent Casals, Francisco Javier Morales, Sara Ramos-Romero, Sara Traserra, Carles Justicia, Miguel Gueimonde, Marcel Jimenez, Josep Lluis Torres, Xabier Urra, Angel Chamorro, David Sancho, Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilan, Francesc Miro-Mur, Anna M. Planas
Summary: Severe stroke patients often experience respiratory and urinary tract infections. This is mainly due to opportunistic commensal bacteria translocating from the gut. This study investigated the mechanisms behind gut dysbiosis and poststroke infection.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sergio Marin, Omar Ortega, Mateu Serra-Prat, Ester Valls, Laia Perez-Cordon, Pere Clave
Summary: This study aimed to assess the efficiency of healthcare interventions in post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia (PS-OD) management. The findings suggest that screening and diagnosis of PS-OD can adjust and reduce hospitalization costs, while OD management after thrombolysis may not significantly reduce hospitalization costs. Videofluoroscopy is found to be the most cost-effective screening method. Rehabilitation programs and home enteral nutrition are also shown to be cost-effective. However, further evaluation and research on novel strategies are still needed.
Article
Physiology
Sara Traserra, Sergi Casabella-Ramon, Patri Vergara, Marcel Jimenez
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the integrity of the colonic barrier and the activation of enteric neural pathways associated with secretion and motility, induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) challenge. The study used 50 Danbred male piglets, with 16 of them challenged with an oral dose of ETEC strain F4+ 1.5 x 10(9) colony-forming unit. The results showed that ETEC increased colonic permeability and induced an increase in mast cells, but did not alter neuromuscular function.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mireia Bolivar-Prados, Yuki Hayakawa, Noemi Tomsen, Viridiana Arreola, Weslania Nascimento, Stephanie Riera, Satomi Kawakami, Kazuhiro Miyaji, Yasuhiro Takeda, Jun Kayashita, Pere Clave
Summary: The study aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of the xanthan-gum-based thickener Tsururinko Quickly (TQ) in older patients with severe oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). The results showed that TQ greatly improved the safety of swallowing and reduced the occurrences of penetration and aspiration in a shear-viscosity-dependent manner. The therapeutic range for TQ was found to be 100-800 mPa·s, with 200 and 800 mPa·s being the optimal doses for older patients with OD.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Noemi Tomsen, Mireia Bolivar-Prados, Omar Ortega, Pere Clave
Summary: ThickenUp (R) Gel Express (TUGE) is a new liquid thickening product based on xanthan and acacia gum, which can improve swallowing difficulties in older adults without negative effects on oral and pharyngeal residues. During a 14-day treatment with TUGE-thickened fluids, older adults experienced increased fluid intake, improved hydration status, and good tolerance.
Article
Polymer Science
Raquel Baixauli, Mireia Bolivar-Prados, Kovan Ismael-Mohammed, Pere Clave, Amparo Tarrega, Laura Laguna
Summary: In addition to shear viscosity, other texture parameters such as adhesiveness and cohesiveness are important for safe swallowing in individuals with oropharyngeal dysphagia. Texture analyzers can provide valuable information on food properties, but the protocols and instruments for assessing adhesiveness and cohesiveness are limited. This study aimed to characterize four dysphagia thickeners using different texture analyzer settings and found that the choice of test type and probe influenced the results, while the test speed could be standardized to 1 mm/s.