Article
Psychology, Biological
Jianhua Li, Sophia W. Deng
Summary: Numerous studies have shown that emotion perception and emotional memory are influenced by the menstrual cycle. This study examined the effects of the menstrual cycle on social attention using three tasks and a combination of behavioral and eye-tracking measures. The results revealed that social distractors had a greater impact on search times and gaze behaviors in the follicular phase compared to the luteal phase. Memory accuracy for targets was higher in the follicular phase, especially when targets were accompanied by social distractors. Additionally, targets in social scenes were detected more slowly than in non-social scenes in the luteal phase.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Chia-Ming K. Hsu, Luke J. Ney, Cynthia Honan, Kim L. Felmingham
Summary: Research has shown that progesterone level is positively associated with negative recall and negative intrusive memories, while estradiol level is positively associated with extinction recall.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
TiAnni Harris, Johanna Hagg, Belinda Pletzer
Summary: Sex differences in spatial navigation strategies were investigated in this study. Women tend to rely more on local landmark information, while men prefer Euclidean strategies. Eye tracking data showed that women had longer gaze distances than men, and higher estradiol levels were associated with attention to landmark information.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Bethany D. D. Skinner, Samuel R. C. Weaver, Samuel J. E. Lucas, Rebekah A. I. Lucas
Summary: This study compared cerebrovascular-CO2 responsiveness between females in different phases of the menstrual cycle and males, and found that females have enhanced vasoconstrictive capacity of the middle cerebral artery during ovulation and mid-luteal phase, while males have weaker cerebrovascular-CO2 responsiveness.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Thibault Besson, Robin Macchi, Jeremy Rossi, Cedric Y. M. Morio, Yoko Kunimasa, Caroline Nicol, Fabrice Vercruyssen, Guillaume Y. Millet
Summary: In recent years, there has been an increase in female participation in endurance running. This review discusses the sex differences in running biomechanics, economy, substrate utilization, muscle tissue characteristics, neuromuscular fatigue, thermoregulation, and pacing strategies. While females may have advantages in certain aspects, there are also factors that counterbalance these potential advantages.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Esmeralda Hidalgo-Lopez, Belinda Pletzer
Summary: The study suggests that different phases of the menstrual cycle can affect the brain activation and connectivity patterns in women, especially during verbal working memory tasks. Variations in hormone levels during different phases may lead to changes in top-down regulation of the brain, affecting cognitive function and neural network activity.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Dali Gamsakhurdashvili, Martin I. Antov, Ursula Stockhorst
Summary: This study reviewed original papers on the impact of ovarian-hormone status on facial emotion recognition and emotional memory. Results suggest that features of the stimulus material interact with E2- and P4-related ovarian-hormone status, with oral contraceptive use potentially affecting recognition accuracy of basic and complex emotions.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jemaine E. Stacey, Mark Crook-Rumsey, Alexander Sumich, Christina J. Howard, Trevor Crawford, Kinneret Livne, Sabrina Lenzoni, Stephen Badham
Summary: Previous research has focused on EEG differences across age groups or cognitive tasks/eye tracking, but there is a lack of studies linking age differences in EEG to age differences in behavioral performance. This study found that older adults show deficits in cognitive functions such as working memory and inhibition, as well as poorer eye movement accuracy and response times compared to young adults. Older adults also exhibit certain advantages in vocabulary.
Article
Oncology
N. S. IJzerman, E. van Werkhoven, M. Mohammadi, D. den Hollander, R. F. Bleckman, A. K. L. Reyners, I. M. E. Desar, H. Gelderblom, D. J. Gruenhagen, R. H. J. Mathijssen, N. Steeghs, W. T. A. van der Graaf
Summary: Sex differences may exist in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients and have an impact on disease-specific survival (DSS). Male patients are more likely to have aggressive GISTs with larger tumors, higher mitotic rates, more frequent tumor ruptures, and metastases, which may explain the sex differences observed in DSS.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Luke R. Arieta, Gabrielle J. Brewer, Andrew L. Hoselton, Lacey M. Gould, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan
Summary: Although much of the information on nutrition and exercise performance is based on male needs, it is increasingly important to consider sex-specific nutritional needs for active females. Fluctuations in female hormonal levels throughout the menstrual cycle and lifecycle require more attention for effective nutritional considerations. There is currently a lack of specific nutritional recommendations for active females and female athletes.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Merve Keskin, Vassilios Krassanakis, Arzu Coltekin
Summary: This study investigates how the design characteristics of 2D web maps influence the attention of expert and novice map users by analyzing eye tracking data. The research aims to answer questions about map landmark memorability, the association between task difficulty and recognition performance, and the differences in recognition performance between experts and novices. An automated analysis framework was developed to evaluate participants' fixation durations and assess the impact of linear and polygonal map features on spatial memory. The results show task-relevant attention patterns for all participants and better selective attention allocation by experts. However, task type and map feature type have a greater impact on remembering the map content than expertise. Predominantly polygonal map features such as hydrographic areas and road junctions serve as attentive features in map reading and memorability. The dataset CartoGAZE is publicly available.
ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Melody M. Moore, Emily J. Urban-Wojcik, Elizabeth A. Martin
Summary: The study found that memory accuracy for neutral information encoded in positive emotional contexts was decreased, but the difference was small and only significant when compared to neutral conditions. The effects of emotion on memory are not solely determined by emotional arousal levels or valence.
COGNITION & EMOTION
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Pablo Navalon, Manuel Perea, Pilar Benavent, Pilar Sierra, Alberto Dominguez, Carmen Iranzo, Elena Serrano-Lozano, Belen Almansa, Ana Garcia-Blanco
Summary: The study found that individuals with schizophrenia exhibit longer gaze duration and higher percentage of total fixations and total duration towards threatening scenes compared to non-social ones. This indicates an attentional bias towards threatening scenes in terms of attentional maintenance and engagement, but not in initial orienting.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Greta N. Minor, Deborah E. Hannula, Andrew Gordon, J. Daniel Ragland, Ana-Maria Iosif, Marjorie Solomon
Summary: This study used an eye-tracking task to investigate whether there are differences in memory-specific viewing patterns towards scenes between autistic and non-autistic individuals. The results showed no significant differences in viewing during the encoding process, suggesting comparable processing of scene details between the two groups. However, autistic individuals exhibited differences in explicit recognition accuracy for scenes with relational changes.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Aleksandra Kosza Koszalka, Klaudia Lustyk, Karolina Pytka
Summary: This review discusses the recent progress in understanding the biological sex differences in cognition and highlights the challenges encountered in such research. It focuses on spatial, recognition, and emotional memory, as well as executive functions such as attention, cognitive flexibility, and working memory.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)