Article
Neurosciences
Lisa N. Miller, Craig Weiss, John F. Disterhoft
Summary: The dentate gyrus plays a crucial role in the formation of associative memories and previous studies have identified populations of cells that bridge the temporal gap during trace eyeblink conditioning. In this study, single-neuron recordings were performed to investigate the functional role of different cell types in the dentate gyrus during learning. The results showed that conditioned mice exhibited changes in firing rate in granule cells, mossy cells, and interneurons, suggesting their involvement in trace associative memory. Theta power also increased during stimuli presentation and decreased over time. These findings expand our understanding of dentate gyrus function and its potential disruptions in aging and disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriel Berdugo-Vega, Shonali Dhingra, Federico Calegari
Summary: This article reviews a wealth of research in cellular, anatomical, behavioral, and computational studies on the mammalian hippocampus, aiming to understand the fundamental mechanisms underlying cognition. Despite accumulating knowledge on how the hippocampus processes and stores information for learning and memory, our understanding of hippocampal cognitive function remains incomplete. The article discusses the structural separability of the two blades of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and proposes a model that suggests differences in connectivity and adult neurogenesis in the two blades may contribute to subtly different cognitive functions.
Article
Neurosciences
Wei-Wei Zhang, Rong-Rong Li, Jie Zhang, Jie Yan, Qian-Hui Zhang, Zhi-An Hu, Bo Hu, Zhong-Xiang Yao, Hao Chen
Summary: Using in vivo multi-channel recording and optogenetics, researchers found that hippocampal interneurons exhibited conditioned stimulus (CS)-evoked sustained activity, which played a predictive role in the performance of conditioned eyeblink responses (CRs) in the early acquisition of trace eyeblink conditioning (tEBC). Optogenetic suppression of the sustained activity of hippocampal interneurons impaired the acquisition of tEBC, suggesting the crucial role of these interneurons in associative learning.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Jesse D. Cushman, Michael R. Drew, Franklin B. Krasne
Summary: The primary function of juvenile and adult hippocampal neurogenesis appears to be allowing behavioral experience to shape connectivity in the dentate gyrus and optimize hippocampal circuits for future learning. This environmental sculpting reduces overlap among memory representations, provides more information, and allows for more memories to be stored accurately. The decline of neurogenesis prior to adulthood may be explained by this prospective function of sculpting hippocampal circuits.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lyles R. Clark, Sanghee Yun, Nana K. Acquah, Priya L. Kumar, Hannah E. Metheny, Rikley C. C. Paixao, Akivas S. Cohen, Amelia J. Eisch
Summary: This study discusses the impact of mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) on the process of adult hippocampal DG neurogenesis. The results show that mTBI induces transient increases in neurogenesis in the ipsilateral hippocampal region, but not in the contralateral hemisphere. These findings are important for understanding the functional implications of TBI-induced neurogenesis and potential neuron replacement or repair after TBI.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Luka Culig, Xixia Chu, Vilhelm A. Bohr
Summary: Adult neurogenesis is a potential target for extending cognitive healthspan, as aging is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes the role of adult neurogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases and discusses the molecular mechanisms involving key proteins. Interventions that increase neurogenesis and regulate aging research targets are summarized, and the outlook for restoring neurogenesis levels in elderly individuals and those with neurodegeneration is shared.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Gaifen Li, Jia Liu, Yuying Guan, Xunming Ji
Summary: Hypoxia plays a crucial role in regulating various cell functions, including stem cells and neural stem cells. Hypoxia stimulation in specific brain regions can promote proliferation, migration, and maturation of neural stem cells, potentially offering a promising strategy for treating central nervous system diseases.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jinxuan Cheng, Federico Scala, Francisco A. Blanco, Sanyong Niu, Karen Firozi, Laura Keehan, Shalaka Mulherkar, Emmanouil Froudarakis, Lingyong Li, Joseph G. Duman, Xiaolong Jiang, Kimberley F. Tolias
Summary: Tiam1 is identified as a crucial regulator of DG development and memory processes, with its loss leading to instability in the dendrites and synapses of DG granule cells, affecting learning and memory abilities.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Hu Meng, Qiongwei Li, Jinxin Wang, Weihua Yue, Dai Zhang, Xiaoxuan Sun, Lifang Wang, Jun Li
Summary: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impaired social interaction and communication. This study aimed to improve the social deficit in a mouse model by increasing neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Three approaches were used: repeated oxytocin administration, enriched environment, and overexpression of Cdk4-CyclinD1 complex in neural stem cells. Results showed increased proliferation of neural stem cells and newborn neurons, as well as significant improvement in social recognition deficit. These findings provide new insight into the treatment of autism.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michel Baudry, Wenyue Su, Jeffrey Seinfeld, Jiandong Sun, Xiaoning Bi
Summary: The study found that the absence of calpain-1 in mutant mice reduced the rate of cell proliferation and long-term survival of newly-generated neurons in the adult hippocampus. Differential gene expression related to cell division, cell migration, cell proliferation, and cell survival was identified in the brains of calpain-1 knockout mice, suggesting a significant impact on neurogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tomoyuki Murano, Ryuichi Nakajima, Akito Nakao, Nao Hirata, Satoko Amemori, Akira Murakami, Yukiyasu Kamitani, Jun Yamamoto, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
Summary: The dentate gyrus (DG) plays a critical role in cognitive functions, but its information representation mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, neuronal activity in the DG of freely moving mice was recorded using Ca2+ imaging and analyzed using machine learning. The results showed that multiple types of information can be independently decoded from the activity patterns of DG neurons, and different types of information are encoded by different populations of neurons.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sara Bottes, Baptiste N. Jaeger, Gregor-Alexander Pilz, David J. Jorg, John Darby Cole, Merit Kruse, Lachlan Harris, Vladislav Korobeynyk, Izaskun Mallona, Fritjof Helmchen, Francois Guillemot, Benjamin D. Simons, Sebastian Jessberger
Summary: Researchers identified long-term self-renewing neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult mouse hippocampus using intravital imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing. They found that Gli1-targeted NSCs exhibit long-term self-renewal, while Ascl1-targeted NSCs have limited proliferative activity before exhaustion. The study revealed the existence of heterogeneous NSC populations with diverse behavioral properties in contributing to neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Carlos A. Lafourcade, Fraser T. Sparks, Angelique Bordey, Ursula Wyneken, Michael H. Mohammadi
Summary: The hippocampal formation is crucial in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), a disease characterized by recurrent, unprovoked epileptic discharges. The hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) acts as a filter to prevent excessive excitation and is considered critical in the progression of epileptogenesis. Endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) play a central role in regulating neuronal activity in the DG circuit. This review summarizes recent findings on the role of the DG in controlling hyperexcitability and discusses the potential therapeutic interventions using cannabinoids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rada Jeremic, Sanja Pekovic, Irena Lavrnja, Ivana Bjelobaba, Marina Djelic, Sanja Dacic, Predrag Brkic
Summary: A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) can affect the activity of adult neural stem cells (NSCs). In this study, the effects of sensorimotor cortex ablation (SCA) and HBO treatment (HBOT) on neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus (DG) were investigated. The results showed that SCA caused significant loss of neurons in the DG, while HBOT prevented the reduction of dendritic arborization and increased proliferation of progenitor cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sreyashi Samaddar, Sudarshana Purkayastha, Souleymane Diallo, Subramanyam J. Tantry, Ryan Schroder, Pranavan Chanthrakumar, Michael J. Flory, Probal Banerjee
Summary: The neurotransmitter serotonin and its receptor 5-HT1A play a crucial role in mood disorders and brain development. Stimulation of 5-HT1A receptor leads to increased neuroblast proliferation through the PKCε and ERK1/2 signaling pathway, ultimately resulting in the development of mature neurons in the hippocampus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)