期刊
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
卷 57, 期 -, 页码 28-37出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2012.05.022
关键词
Major depressive disorder; Stress; Animal models; Antidepressants; Exercise; Omega-3 fatty acids; Early life stress
资金
- NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH093897, R37 MH045481, R01 MH045481] Funding Source: Medline
Atrophy of neurons and gross structural alterations of limbic brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, have been reported in brain imaging and postmortem studies of depressed patients. Preclinical findings have suggested that prolonged negative stress can induce changes comparable to those seen in major depressive disorder (MDD), through dendritic retraction and decreased spine density in PFC and hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons. Interestingly, recent studies have suggested that environmental and pharmacological manipulations, including antidepressant medication, exercise, and diet, can block or even reverse many of the molecular changes induced by stress, providing a clear link between these factors and susceptibility to MDD. In this review, we will discuss the environmental and pharmacological factors, as well as the contribution of genetic polymorphisms, involved in the regulation of neuronal morphology and plasticity in MDD and preclinical stress models. In particular, we will highlight the pro-depressive changes incurred by stress and the reversal of these changes by antidepressants, exercise, and diet. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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