Article
Cell Biology
Na Li, Ning Bai, Xiong Zhao, Rong Cheng, Xuan Wu, Bo Jiang, Xiaoman Li, Mingli Xue, Hongde Xu, Qiqiang Guo, Wendong Guo, Mengtao Ma, Sunrun Cao, Yanling Feng, Xiaoyu Song, Zhuo Wang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Yu Zou, Difei Wang, Hua Liu, Liu Cao
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and neurofibrillary tangles. The ratio of SIRT2:SIRT1 is elevated in aging mice and AD mouse models, and SIRT1 overexpression prevents Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. SIRT1 inhibits the binding of SIRT2 to APP, thus reducing amyloidogenic processing of APP and providing a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention of AD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Z. Ahmed, Fahd A. Nasr, Wajhul Qamar, Omar M. Noman, Javed Masood Khan, Abdullah A. Al-Mishari, Ali S. Alqahtani
Summary: The study showed that janerin inhibits THP-1 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner by causing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Additionally, janerin promotes THP-1 cell death through apoptosis induction, which involves upregulation of pro-apoptotic markers and downregulation of anti-apoptotic marker. Furthermore, janerin treatment leads to the activation of P38-MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for leukemia.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Roya Malekloo, Setayesh Nematollahi, Abbas Ali Vafaei, Ali Rashidy-Pour
Summary: Chronic morphine impairs cued fear extinction, but forced exercise with light to moderate intensity can enhance fear extinction and restore hippocampal BDNF levels. Exercise shifts the balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors, leading to increased cell survival. These findings suggest the importance of exercise in the recovery of cued fear extinction and its potential role in addicted individuals.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mutlu Yaka, Nazli Cil, Cihan Kabukcu, Hande Senol, Gulcin Abban Mete
Summary: Our results show no significant associations between fertilization, quality embryo development, and apoptotic gene expression. High expression of Bax and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in immature oocyte cumulus cells indicates the initiation of the apoptotic process when the cumulus-oocyte connection exists.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Boglarka Balogh, Gergely Szarka, Adam J. Tengolics, Gyula Hoffmann, Bela Volgyi, Tamas Kovacs-Oller
Summary: The study found that exposure to LED light increased levels of major apoptosis-related markers and activated microglial cells and Caspase-3, suggesting that overuse of unfiltered direct LED light can have detrimental effects on human retina.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Nesrine A. Helaly, Noha E. Esheba, Desouky E. Abou Ammo, Nahed M. Elwan, Rasha A. Elkholy
Summary: The study found that a lower Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was associated with worse prognosis in CLL patients, with good sensitivity and specificity in predicting survival, making it an important indicator for predicting treatment outcomes and progression in patients.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chunfeng Wang, Na Wang, Na Li, Qiuying Yu, Fangyu Wang
Summary: The combination of resveratrol and vitamin E had a significant inhibitory effect on colorectal cancer cells, promoting cell apoptosis and altering the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. This study demonstrates the positive synergy of resveratrol and vitamin E in inhibiting cancer cell growth and proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bin Xue, Bei Zhao, Shuangyan Luo, Gang Wu, Xiaodan Hui
Summary: In this study, oat bran was enriched with blackcurrant and blueberry powder to form paste extracts, which were found to significantly inhibit the growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Mechanistic studies suggested that these extracts induced cell apoptosis through cell cycle arrest and regulation of apoptotic-related protein expressions. The extracts also increased reactive oxygen species levels in the cancer cells via the Nrf2/HO1 signaling pathway. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of blueberry and blackcurrant-enriched oat bran paste for patients with liver cancer.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shuling Zhang, Ning Liu, Mingxing Ma, Hai Huang, Mike Handley, Xueli Bai, Fengping Shan
Summary: The study demonstrated that MENK regulates the biological behavior of lung cancer cells by enhancing apoptosis and immunogenicity while promoting NK cell-driven tumor immunity, potentially inhibiting the proliferation of lung cancer cells through the activation of key signaling pathways.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Judith Morawietz, Hanna Koerber, Eva-Maria Packeiser, Andreas Beineke, Sandra Goericke-Pesch
Summary: Chronic asymptomatic orchitis (CAO) is a common cause of acquired non-obstructive azoospermia in dogs. The study found that the disturbance of spermatogenesis in CAO is correlated with an increase in TUNEL+ cells. Gene expression analysis revealed increased levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase 9, Fas, caspase 8, and caspase 3 in CAO, while FasL expression was downregulated. Sertoli cells and B lymphocytes play a significant role in the pathophysiology of canine CAO.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Kai Huang, Kun-Che Chang, Chia-Yang Li, Ann-Shung Lieu, Chih-Lung Lin
Summary: This study investigated the role of AKR1B1 in glioma cell proliferation and apoptosis signaling. AKR1B1 expression was measured in different cell lines and tissues. The effects of AKR1B1 overexpression or knockdown, as well as p38 MAPK activation and inhibition, were evaluated. AKR1B1 was found to regulate glioma cell proliferation through the activation of p38 MAPK and apoptosis signaling. Therefore, AKR1B1 may be a potential therapeutic target for glioma therapy.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Taojie Zhang, Wang-Dui Basang, Weihua Chang, Shengdong Huo, Xingbin Ma, Xianghong Ju, Sijiu Yu, Sheng Cui
Summary: In yak, P53 and Fas play a crucial role in inducing GC apoptosis, while Bax, Bcl-2, Casp9, and P53 are involved in oviduct epithelial regeneration.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qinghan Ren, Guoquan Zhang, Ruiting Yan, Dezheng Zhou, Li Huang, Qianwen Zhang, Wen Li, Guowei Huang, Zhenshu Li, Jing Yan
Summary: Research has shown that folate deficiency in either parents can affect the biological functions of neural cells in offspring. This deficiency can impair the methionine cycle and lead to damage to the central nervous system. The study found that parental folate deficiency caused apoptosis of neural cells in neonatal rats, with the greatest effect seen when both parents were deficient.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Ratajczak, Natalia Glatzel-Plucinska, Katarzyna Ratajczak-Wielgomas, Katarzyna Nowinska, Sylwia Borska
Summary: Resveratrol may have anticarcinogenic effects by inhibiting human pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and affecting the levels of Bcl-2 proteins. However, its activity is specific to each tested cell line, with the most significant changes observed in the mitoxantrone-resistant cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monica Andrews-Guzman, Manuel Ruz, Miguel Arredondo-Olguin
Summary: This study investigated the effect of supplemental zinc on apoptosis-related genes in C2C12 myoblast cells. The results showed that zinc could stimulate the expression of antiapoptotic genes under high-glucose conditions, but this effect was partially inhibited in the presence of the inflammatory agent IL-6.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Velia D'Agata, Agata Grazia D'Amico, Grazia Maugeri, Claudio Bucolo, Settimio Rossi, Salvatore Giunta
Summary: This study found that carnosol can protect retinal vascular endothelium from the damage caused by high glucose by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. This suggests that carnosol may be a valuable drug for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rita Chiaramonte, Vito Pavone, Gianluca Testa, Isabella Pesce, Dalila Scaturro, Giuseppe Musumeci, Giulia Letizia Mauro, Michele Vecchio
Summary: This review study summarizes the effects of physical exercise and electrical stimulation on peripheral nerve repair and regeneration, as well as the impact of timing, intervention type, and dosage. The findings suggest that early physical exercise and electrical stimulation promote nerve regeneration and prevent maladaptive responses, but there are also some detrimental effects. More research is needed to fully understand the effects of these interventions on human peripheral neuropathy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Grazia Maugeri, Agata Grazia D'Amico, Benedetta Magri, Salvatore Giunta, Giuseppe Musumeci, Salvatore Saccone, Concetta Federico, Davide Scollo, Antonio Longo, Teresio Avitabile, Velia D'Agata
Summary: The corneal epithelium acts as a protective barrier against external insults and its disruption can lead to visual impairment. In this study, we investigated the role of NAP in counteracting the inflammatory response triggered by UV-B radiation, which can disrupt the corneal epithelial barrier. The results showed that NAP treatment can prevent UV-B-induced inflammation and maintain corneal epithelial barrier integrity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agata Zappala, Ivana Roberta Romano, Floriana D'Angeli, Giuseppe Musumeci, Debora Lo Furno, Rosario Giuffrida, Giuliana Mannino
Summary: Gap junctions (GJs) formed by connexins (Cxs) are important for intercellular communication in skeletal tissues. The most expressed connexin, Cx43, plays a role in the formation of GJs and hemichannels (HCs) in bone cells. Through GJs, osteocytes in deep lacunae can form a functional syncytium with neighboring osteocytes and bone cells at the bone surface, allowing coordinated cell activity through the propagation of signals. Cxs and GJs have a fundamental role in skeletal development and cartilage functions, and understanding their mechanisms may contribute to therapeutic approaches for skeletal disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca Petrigna, Bruno Trovato, Federico Roggio, Alessandro Castorina, Giuseppe Musumeci
Summary: Physiological aging has negative effects on the human body, including the joints. Osteoarthritis and cartilage degeneration can cause pain and disability. This review focuses on identifying and discussing articular cartilage biomarkers related to physical or sports activities, aiming to propose a standard procedure for assessment. The identified biomarkers include cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, matrix metalloproteinases, interleukins, and carboxy-terminal telopeptide. This scoping review provides valuable insights into the direction of research and offers a tool for investigating cartilage biomarkers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federico Roggio, Luca Petrigna, Bruno Trovato, Michelino Di Rosa, Giuseppe Musumeci
Summary: Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative musculoskeletal disease that worsens with age. Exercise is recommended for osteoarthritis treatment, but the molecular pathways are unclear. This study critically analyzed the research on lubricin and irisin to explore their roles in joint tissue and offered new perspectives for osteoarthritis treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biology
Federico Roggio, Luca Petrigna, Veronica Filetti, Ermanno Vitale, Venerando Rapisarda, Giuseppe Musumeci
Summary: Adolescent and Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spine deformity characterized by muscle alterations on the convex and concave sides of the scoliosis. Infrared thermography has shown promise as a non-invasive and radiation-free method for evaluating these alterations. This systematic review found that infrared thermography can objectively assess the thermal differences between the convex and concave sides of scoliosis, but further research is needed to establish it as a diagnostic tool.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jordan Allan Piper, Nour Al Hammouri, Margo Iris Jansen, Kenneth J. Rodgers, Giuseppe Musumeci, Amolika Dhungana, Sahar Masoumeh Ghorbanpour, Laura A. Bradfield, Alessandro Castorina
Summary: L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (AZE) is a non-protein amino acid that can be misincorporated in place of L-proline, leading to toxicity. This study investigated the effects of AZE on BV2 microglial cells and found that it induced ER stress, M1 phenotypic marker changes, and reduced cell viability and NO secretion. Co-administration of L-proline prevented these detrimental effects. The study also showed an increase in AZE-bound proteins after AZE treatment, which was reduced by L-proline co-supplementation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Enrico Buccheri, Daniele Dell'Aquila, Marco Russo, Rita Chiaramonte, Giuseppe Musumeci, Michele Vecchio
Summary: The study aims to develop a low-cost screening tool that can mimic the performance of DEXA in identifying patients with muscle mass loss. Early diagnosis of sarcopenia on a large scale can help reduce its prevalence and related complications with timely treatments.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bruno Trovato, Luca Petrigna, Martina Sortino, Federico Roggio, Giuseppe Musumeci
Summary: This review summarizes the effects of exercise on the molecular composition and structural adaptation of cartilage tissue. Different sports activities can modify the molecular composition of articular cartilage, making it important to understand the molecular adaptations and structural modifications generated by exercise.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luca Petrigna, Marta Zanghi, Grazia Maugeri, Velia D'Agata, Giuseppe Musumeci
Summary: This review analyzed different protocols of physical activity interventions for breast cancer patients and proposed a possible standard operating procedure for exercise training. The findings suggested that physical activity has positive effects on improving the physical and psychological health of breast cancer patients and reducing disease symptoms. However, due to the heterogeneity of the included studies and inconsistent results, a specific standard operating procedure could not be proposed at this time.
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Giuseppe Musumeci
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY AND KINESIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Bruno Trovato, Federico Roggio, Luca Petrigna, Giuseppe Musumeci
Summary: This study verifies the feasibility of a modified inertial-based version of the Ruffier test for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness. The test involves performing 10 squats in 15 seconds. Results show that the modified test is comparable to the classic version and can be used to predict VO2max. The findings demonstrate that the isoinertial Ruffier test is a quick, safe, and convenient method to measure cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY AND KINESIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jayden Lee, Sarah Thomas Broome, Margo Iris Jansen, Mawj Mandwie, Grant J. Logan, Rubina Marzagalli, Giuseppe Musumeci, Alessandro Castorina
Summary: In this study, using a mouse model of SLE, the researchers found that SLE may cause endothelial dysfunction and activation in the brain, as well as an upregulation of neuroprotective/immune-modulatory neuropeptides. These findings suggest that SLE may lead to changes in the CNS microvasculature which cannot be counteracted effectively by endogenous neuropeptides PACAP and VIP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah N. Kraeutner, Cristina Rubino, Jennifer K. Ferris, Shie Rinat, Lauren Penko, Larissa Chiu, Brian Greeley, Christina B. Jones, Beverley C. Larssen, Lara A. Boyd
Summary: This study examined the age-related changes in brain function and baseline brain structure that support motor skill acquisition. The findings showed that older adults experienced decreases in functional connectivity during motor skill acquisition, while younger adults experienced increases. Additionally, regardless of age group, lower baseline microstructure in a frontoparietal tract was associated with slower motor skill acquisition.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karen Nuytemans, Farid Rajabli, Melissa Jean-Francois, Jiji Thulaseedhara Kurup, Larry D. Adams, Takiyah D. Starks, Patrice L. Whitehead, Brian W. Kunkle, Allison Caban-Holt, Jonathan L. Haines, Michael L. Cuccaro, Jeffery M. Vance, Goldie S. Byrd, Gary W. Beecham, Christiane Reitz, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
Summary: This study conducted genetic research on African American AD families and identified a significant linkage signal associated with AD, highlighting the importance of diverse population-level genetic data in understanding the genetic determinants of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kazuya Suwabe, Ryuta Kuwamizu, Kazuki Hyodo, Toru Yoshikawa, Takeshi Otsuki, Asako Zempo-Miyaki, Michael A. Yassa, Hideaki Soya
Summary: Physical exercise has a positive impact on hippocampal memory decline with aging. Recent studies have shown that even light exercise can improve memory and this improvement is mediated by the ascending arousal system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-intensity exercise on hippocampal memory function in healthy older adults and found that pupil dilation during exercise played a role in the memory improvement.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ajay Sood, Ana Werneck Capuano, Robert Smith Wilson, Lisa Laverne Barnes, Alifiya Kapasi, David Alan Bennett, Zoe Arvanitakis
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin on cognition and brain pathology. The results showed that metformin users had slower decline in global cognition, episodic memory, and semantic memory compared to non-users. However, the relationship between metformin use and certain brain pathology remains uncertain.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian N. Lee, Junwen Wang, Molly A. Hall, Dokyoon Kim, Shana D. Stites, Li Shen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and functional impairments. This study analyzed participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and found differential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)/neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive/functional outcomes, as well as variations between sexes. These findings suggest that sex differences may play a role in the development of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madeline R. Hale, Rebecca Langhough, Lianlian Du, Bruce P. Hermann, Carol A. Van Hulle, Margherita Carboni, Gwendlyn Kollmorgenj, Kristin E. Basche, Davide Bruno, Leah Sanson-Miles, Erin M. Jonaitis, Nathaniel A. Chin, Ozioma C. Okonkwo, Barbara B. Bendlin, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tobey J. Betthauser, Sterling C. Johnson, Kimberly D. Mueller
Summary: This study demonstrates a relationship between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and the ability to recall proper names in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas T. Austin, Christian L. Thomas, Ben Warren
Summary: This study investigated the effects of age on the robustness and resilience of auditory system using the desert locust. The researchers found that gene expression changes were mainly influenced by age rather than noise exposure. Both young and aged locusts were able to recover their auditory nerve function within 48 hours of noise exposure, but the recovery of transduction current magnitude was impaired in aged locusts. Key genes responsible for robustness to noise exposure in young locusts and potential candidates for compensatory mechanisms in auditory neurons of aged locusts were identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
