Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pawel Krukow, Kamil Jonak
Summary: When performing cognitive tasks, people often experience mind wandering, which involves temporary distractions or personal associations that interfere with their stream of consciousness. This study aimed to identify the neural basis for individual differences in mind wandering. The results showed that individuals who tend to mind wander frequently exhibited decreased synchronization within the default mode network, and increased connectivity between task-related networks of different functional specificity. These findings suggest that mind wanderers have atypical organization of resting-state brain activity, which may lead to reduced resources for maintaining attentional control in task-related conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Brandon J. Lew, Marie C. McCusker, Jennifer O'Neill, Sara H. Bares, Tony W. Wilson, Gaelle E. Doucet
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between aging and resting-state functional connectivity (FC) in people with HIV (PWH). The results show that both aging and HIV infection have independent effects on between-network FC. Furthermore, HIV infection leads to additional increases in FC, particularly between the default-mode and executive control networks. This suggests that HIV infection may cause a reorganization of major brain networks similar to aging.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Michelle Barraclough, Shane McKie, Ben Parker, Rebecca Elliott, Ian N. Bruce
Summary: This study found altered functional connectivity within the default mode network in SLE patients regardless of disease activity, with depression accounting for some of the effect but SLE itself accounting for more. Further research is needed to assess if these changes may be a precursor to cognitive dysfunction in SLE. If so, rs-fMRI could be an early marker for cognitive dysfunction in SLE and assist in future treatment trials.
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew Leming, John Suckling
Summary: The study classified whole-brain functional connectivity MRI data using convolutional neural networks and found that resting-state data is more accurately classified than task data, with the inner salience network playing the most important role in the overall classification of resting-state data.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Andrea T. Shafer, Lori Beason-Held, Yang An, Owen A. Williams, Yuankai Huo, Bennett A. Landman, Brian S. Caffo, Susan M. Resnick
Summary: The study found that age, sex, and apolipoprotein E.4 are the predominant risk factors for the development of AD. Specifically, in different genotype groups, DMN and acDMN connectivity varied with age, and sex and apolipoprotein E.4 also influenced the relationship between age and connectivity. Epsilon 4 carriers showed lower connectivity and poorer cognitive performance.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen A. Williams, Ole Numssen, Gesa Hartwigsen
Summary: The present study provides a characterization of large-scale network dynamics in three key cognitive domains, revealing the overlap and dissociation of networks during different cognitive tasks. The findings suggest that network activity and interactions increase with cognitive complexity across domains.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Vereb, Marton Attila Kovacs, Szabolcs Antal, Krisztian Kocsis, Nikoletta Szabo, Balint Kincses, Bence Bozsik, Peter Farago, Eszter Toth, Andras Kiraly, Peter Klivenyi, Denes Zadori, Zsigmond Tamas Kincses
Summary: This study investigates functional connectivity modulation during a visuospatial attention task in patients with Parkinson's disease. The findings suggest that task-related networks function differently in these patients in association with motor symptoms, while impaired modulation of visual and default-mode network connectivity was not correlated with motor function.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Florence L. Chiang, Max Feng, Rebecca S. Romero, Larry Price, Crystal G. Franklin, Shengwen Deng, Jodie P. Gray, Fang F. Yu, Bundhit Tantiwongkosi, Susie Y. Huang, Peter T. Fox
Summary: The study defined the atrophy-based functional network model using coordinate-based meta-analysis, revealing the association of functional network disruption in multiple sclerosis and finding a strong positive correlation with clinical disability on resting-state functional MRI scans.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Byung-Hoon Kim, Min-Kyeong Kim, Hye-Jeong Jo, Jae-Jin Kim
Summary: Social anxiety is prevalent among young adults, and machine learning models using brain functional radiomic features can successfully predict its level.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Charleen J. Gust, Erin N. Moe, Douglas R. Seals, Marie T. Banich, Jessica R. Andrews-Hanna, Kent E. Hutchison, Angela D. Bryan
Summary: Previous research suggests that aging affects brain connectivity, and health status may be a factor contributing to age-related network connectivity differences. This study, using exercise intervention data, found that fitness exerts regional effects on network connectivity.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Skye Satz, Yaroslav O. Halchenko, Rachel Ragozzino, Mora M. Lucero, Mary L. Phillips, Holly A. Swartz, Anna Manelis
Summary: Previous research suggests that individuals with depressive disorders (DD) have abnormal resting state functional connectivity and may experience memory dysfunction. However, little is known about the relationship between resting state functional connectivity and memory performance in individuals with DD. This study investigated this relationship in the context of object memory and found that the interaction between diagnostic status and memory accuracy significantly affected the connectivity between specific networks in individuals with DD. These findings suggest aberrant reactivation and consolidation processes in DD, which may contribute to rumination in depression.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Danielle L. Kurtin, Garazi Arana-Oiarbide, Romy Lorenz, Ines R. Violante, Adam Hampshire
Summary: Switching is a complex cognitive process with costs in task performance, including slowed responses and reduced accuracy. The involvement of the multiple demand cortex (MDC) and the default mode network (DMN) in switching has been identified. This study investigated the role of the DMN in switching by collecting fMRI data from 24 participants playing a switching task with perturbed predictability across three switch dimensions. The results showed that switch trials recruited a broader activity map than stay trials, involving regions of both DMN and task-positive networks. Additionally, changes in sequential and perceptual predictability had significant effects on functional connectivity, suggesting that the DMN may contribute to executive task performance by coordinating with the MDC.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sonia Montemurro, Nicola Filippini, Giulio Ferrazzi, Dante Mantini, Giorgio Arcara, Marco Marino
Summary: In healthy aging, education plays a role in differentiating cognitive and neural profiles in older adults. Higher education is associated with better cognitive performance in aging. This study investigates the influence of education on age-related differences in cognition and resting state functional connectivity.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Maria Dolores Figueroa-Jimenez, Cristina Canete-Masse, Maria Carbo-Carrete, Daniel Zarabozo-Hurtado, Maribel Pero-Cebollero, Jose Guadalupe Salazar-Estrada, Joan Guardia-Olmos
Summary: This study described the density and structure of the DMN network in young DS individuals using fMRI signals. The results indicated a higher density of overactivation in the ventral, sensorimotor, and visual DMN networks in the DS group, with a wide variability of connectivity patterns compared to the control group network.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ricky Chow, Rahel Rabi, Shahier Paracha, Lynn Hasher, Nicole D. Anderson, Claude Alain
Summary: This study investigated the age-related differences in brain connectivity during resting state and its relationship with cognitive performance. The findings suggest that older adults exhibit decreased connectivity in specific frequency bands, which may be associated with decline in cognitive abilities.
Article
Psychology
David J. Madden, Rachel E. Siciliano, Catherine W. Tallman, Zachary A. Monge, Andreas Voss, Jessica R. Cohen
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xintong Zuo, Jie Zhuang, Nan-kuei Chen, Scott Cousins, Priscila Cunha, Eleonora M. Lad, David J. Madden, Guy Potter, Heather E. Whitson
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Jing Sui, Xiang Li, Ryan P. Bell, Sheri L. Towe, Syam Gadde, Nan-Kuei Chen, Christina S. Meade
Summary: This study investigated the impact of HIV infection on brain structure and function using multimodal MRI scanning and neuropsychological testing. The results showed that individuals living with HIV had lower cognitive functioning and that alterations in brain structure and function could distinguish between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
David J. Madden, Shivangi Jain, Zachary A. Monge, Angela D. Cook, Alexander Lee, Hua Huang, Cortney M. Howard, Jessica R. Cohen
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Amelie Haugg, Fabian M. Renz, Andrew A. Nicholson, Cindy Lor, Sebastian J. Gotzendorfer, Ronald Sladky, Stavros Skouras, Amalia McDonald, Cameron Craddock, Lydia Hellrung, Matthias Kirschner, Marcus Herdener, Yury Koush, Marina Papoutsi, Jackob Keynan, Talma Hendler, Kathrin Cohen Kadosh, Catharina Zich, Simon H. Kohl, Manfred Hallschmid, Jeff MacInnes, R. Alison Adcock, Kathryn C. Dickerson, Nan-Kuei Chen, Kymberly Young, Jerzy Bodurka, Michael Marxen, Shuxia Yao, Benjamin Becker, Tibor Auer, Renate Schweizer, Gustavo Pamplona, Ruth A. Lanius, Kirsten Emmert, Seven Haller, Dimitri van de Ville, Dong-Youl Kim, Jong-Hwan Lee, Theo Marins, Fukuda Megumi, Bettina Sorger, Tabea Kamp, Sook-Lei Liew, Ralf Veit, Maartje Spetter, Nikolaus Weiskopf, Frank Scharnowski, David Steyrl
Summary: The study found that conducting a pre-training no-feedback run before neurofeedback training and training patients instead of healthy participants significantly improved neurofeedback performance. This could be due to participants' familiarity with the neurofeedback setup and task, as well as patients having stronger motivation and more extensive clinical piloting. The results provide guidance for designing more efficient neurofeedback studies specifically for clinical interventions.
Article
Neurosciences
Cortney M. Howard, Shivangi Jain, Angela D. Cook, Lauren E. Packard, Hollie A. Mullin, Nan-kuei Chen, Chunlei Liu, Allen W. Song, David J. Madden
Summary: Brain iron dyshomeostasis can disrupt cellular functions and aging-related iron accumulation may contribute to deficient neurotransmission and cell death. Studies suggest that brain iron levels may impact cognitive function and serve as an early indicator of neurodegenerative disease.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ryan P. Bell, Christina S. Meade, Syam Gadde, Sheri L. Towe, Shana A. Hall, Nan-kuei Chen
Summary: In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of local and nonlocal denoising methods in increasing the sensitivity to detect differences in cerebral white matter (WM) in neuroHIV. The results showed that nonlocal PCA denoising allowed us to detect differences even after a sample reduction, and smaller WM tracts showed greater sensitivity to PCA denoising.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Nan-kuei Chen, Ryan P. Bell, Christina S. Meade
Summary: The study introduced a numerical procedure for down-sampling diffusion MRI data and a spatial uniformity index to predict the quality of down-sampling schemes. Experimental data showed that the spatial uniformity index is correlated with FA errors from down-sampled data. The FA fitting residuals were found to not be correlated with FA errors or spatial uniformity index.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Psychology
Jenna L. L. Merenstein, Hollie A. A. Mullin, David J. J. Madden
Summary: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the age-related decline in visual search performance. The results showed that age-related effects were observed in frontoparietal regions and were specific to conjunction search. The study also found that the efficiency of search and the influence of salient targets on frontoparietal activation were both affected by age.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
David J. Madden, Peter R. Rapp
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
David J. Madden, Jenna L. Merenstein
Summary: Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an MRI technique that assesses the magnetic properties of cerebral iron. This integrative review of 47 QSM studies on healthy aging reveals the age-related increases in iron accumulation in deep gray matter nuclei and cortical regions, and the behavioral relevance and interaction of iron with brain function and pathology.
Article
Neurosciences
Jenna L. Merenstein, Jiayi Zhao, Hollie A. Mullin, Marc D. Rudolph, Allen W. Song, David J. Madden
Summary: Healthy neurocognitive aging is associated with degradation of white matter pathways assessed by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The low spatial resolution of standard DWI limits the study of age-related differences in smaller white matter fibers and complex gray matter microstructure. High-resolution multi-shot DWI was used to examine age-related differences in 61 healthy adults, revealing larger correlations between age and gray matter diffusivity and smaller correlations between age and white matter connectivity. Only the high-resolution measures mediated age-related differences in cognitive performance.
Article
Linguistics
Sara B. W. Troutman, David J. Madden, Michele T. Diaz
Summary: As people age, difficulty with word retrieval becomes a common complaint. This study used diffusion tensor imaging to investigate the white matter differences in three language tracts and their contribution to age-related differences in language ability. The results showed that white matter in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and frontal aslant tract (FAT) mediated age-related differences in picture naming performance, suggesting the importance of dorsal white matter in supporting word retrieval across adulthood.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Jie Zhuang, David J. Madden, Priscila Cunha, Alexandra Badea, Simon W. Davis, Guy G. Potter, Eleonora M. Lad, Scott W. Cousins, Nan-Kuei Chen, Kala Allen, Abigail J. Maciejewski, Xuan Duong Fernandez, Michele T. Diaz, Heather E. Whitson
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common retina disease associated with cognitive impairment in older adults. Our study found that AMD patients exhibited significantly weaker quantitative anisotropy in specific brain regions compared to healthy controls, but this was not directly linked to visual acuity. The relationship between white matter degeneration in the brain and AMD may be independent of cognitive decline in the participants studied.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah N. Kraeutner, Cristina Rubino, Jennifer K. Ferris, Shie Rinat, Lauren Penko, Larissa Chiu, Brian Greeley, Christina B. Jones, Beverley C. Larssen, Lara A. Boyd
Summary: This study examined the age-related changes in brain function and baseline brain structure that support motor skill acquisition. The findings showed that older adults experienced decreases in functional connectivity during motor skill acquisition, while younger adults experienced increases. Additionally, regardless of age group, lower baseline microstructure in a frontoparietal tract was associated with slower motor skill acquisition.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karen Nuytemans, Farid Rajabli, Melissa Jean-Francois, Jiji Thulaseedhara Kurup, Larry D. Adams, Takiyah D. Starks, Patrice L. Whitehead, Brian W. Kunkle, Allison Caban-Holt, Jonathan L. Haines, Michael L. Cuccaro, Jeffery M. Vance, Goldie S. Byrd, Gary W. Beecham, Christiane Reitz, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
Summary: This study conducted genetic research on African American AD families and identified a significant linkage signal associated with AD, highlighting the importance of diverse population-level genetic data in understanding the genetic determinants of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kazuya Suwabe, Ryuta Kuwamizu, Kazuki Hyodo, Toru Yoshikawa, Takeshi Otsuki, Asako Zempo-Miyaki, Michael A. Yassa, Hideaki Soya
Summary: Physical exercise has a positive impact on hippocampal memory decline with aging. Recent studies have shown that even light exercise can improve memory and this improvement is mediated by the ascending arousal system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-intensity exercise on hippocampal memory function in healthy older adults and found that pupil dilation during exercise played a role in the memory improvement.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ajay Sood, Ana Werneck Capuano, Robert Smith Wilson, Lisa Laverne Barnes, Alifiya Kapasi, David Alan Bennett, Zoe Arvanitakis
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin on cognition and brain pathology. The results showed that metformin users had slower decline in global cognition, episodic memory, and semantic memory compared to non-users. However, the relationship between metformin use and certain brain pathology remains uncertain.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian N. Lee, Junwen Wang, Molly A. Hall, Dokyoon Kim, Shana D. Stites, Li Shen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and functional impairments. This study analyzed participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and found differential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)/neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive/functional outcomes, as well as variations between sexes. These findings suggest that sex differences may play a role in the development of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madeline R. Hale, Rebecca Langhough, Lianlian Du, Bruce P. Hermann, Carol A. Van Hulle, Margherita Carboni, Gwendlyn Kollmorgenj, Kristin E. Basche, Davide Bruno, Leah Sanson-Miles, Erin M. Jonaitis, Nathaniel A. Chin, Ozioma C. Okonkwo, Barbara B. Bendlin, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tobey J. Betthauser, Sterling C. Johnson, Kimberly D. Mueller
Summary: This study demonstrates a relationship between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and the ability to recall proper names in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas T. Austin, Christian L. Thomas, Ben Warren
Summary: This study investigated the effects of age on the robustness and resilience of auditory system using the desert locust. The researchers found that gene expression changes were mainly influenced by age rather than noise exposure. Both young and aged locusts were able to recover their auditory nerve function within 48 hours of noise exposure, but the recovery of transduction current magnitude was impaired in aged locusts. Key genes responsible for robustness to noise exposure in young locusts and potential candidates for compensatory mechanisms in auditory neurons of aged locusts were identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
