Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yunjie Rong, Zhifeng Xu, Ye Zhu, Xianhai Zhang, Lingfeng Lai, Shuyi Sun, Mingyong Gao, Pi Guo, Guohua Zhang, Yiqun Geng, Xilun Ma, Shuohua Wu, Lin Yang, Zhiwei Shen, Jitian Guan
Summary: This study identified changes in iron deposition and neural microstructure in the substantia nigra as potential indicators of early-stage Parkinson's disease.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Steven H. J. Nagtegaal, Szabolcs David, Marielle E. P. Philippens, Tom J. Snijders, Alexander Leemans, Joost J. C. Verhoeff
Summary: The study revealed that radiation therapy can lead to volume loss in deep gray matter structures, with the median hippocampal age increasing by 11 years. Significant relationships between radiation dose and volume loss were observed in all examined structures, except for the caudate nucleus.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fadoua Saadani-Makki, Ardalan Aarabi, Mahshid Fouladivanda, Karman Kazemi, Malek Makki
Summary: Diffusion-tensor-MRI was performed on 28 term born neonates, revealing no significant differences between boys and girls in brain structures, but showing more pronounced left greater than right symmetry in the combined group. Gender-based analysis revealed distinctive patterns in certain structures, with girls exhibiting right > left characteristics in some areas and boys showing right > left RD and ADC. These results provide insights into the normal asymmetric development of sensory-motor networks within boys and girls.
Article
Biology
Alexander Kaplan, Aviv D. Mizrahi-Kliger, Pnina Rappel, Liliya Iskhakova, Gennadiy Fonar, Zvi Israel, Hagai Bergman
Summary: Integrated analysis of non-human primate data reveals that pauses in GPe firing are associated with pupil dilation, suggesting that GPe pauses may influence basal ganglia downstream structures and play a role in exploratory behavior.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Xiaojin Liu, Zhenni Gao, Wen Liu, Xintong He, Naiyi Wang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of age of second language acquisition and usage of second language on subcortical and intra-subcortical functional connectivity in bilinguals. The findings reveal that different bilingual experiences modulate the functional neuroplasticity of the subcortex in different ways.
BRAIN AND LANGUAGE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liangjun Chen, Ya Wang, Zhengwang Wu, Yue Shan, Tengfei Li, Sheng-Che Hung, Lei Xing, Hongtu Zhu, Li Wang, Weili Lin, Gang Li
Summary: This study investigates the volumetric development and surface area expansion of six subcortical structures during the first two postnatal years. The results show that each structure undergoes rapid nonlinear growth after birth, which slows down at a structure-specific age. Additionally, there are positive associations between certain subcortical structures and language learning as well as fine motor skills.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Marcia Radanovic, Victor N. Almeida
Summary: The review discusses the role of subcortical structures in language processing, highlighting debates on different theoretical frameworks for non-thalamic and thalamic aphasia. Recent findings point to cortical hypoperfusion as a potential cause for non-thalamic aphasias and emphasize the role of specific thalamic nuclei in language disturbances. Neuroimaging studies are paving the way for further exploration of subcortical aphasias, with new methods such as tractography and connectivity studies expected to expand our understanding in this area.
CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Cassiana Trandafir, Dimitri Renard, Federico Cagnazzo, Ioana Maria Ion
Summary: This case report describes a 43-year-old woman who presented with symptoms of behavior change, hypersomnia, and abulia after whiplash injury. MRI revealed symmetrical globus pallidus infarction and bilateral carotid artery dissection. This is the first reported case of isolated symmetrical globus pallidus infarction related to bilateral carotid dissection.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
James A. Jones, Matthew H. Higgs, Erick Olivares, Jacob Pella, Charles J. Wilson
Summary: Autonomously firing GABAergic neurons in the external globus pallidus (GPe) form a local synaptic network. Silencing the firing of PV+ GPe neurons increases the firing rate and regularity of PV- neurons, while silencing Npas1+ GPe neurons has no significant effect on Npas1- neuron firing. Spontaneous GABAergic synaptic input blockade reproduces the effects of silencing PV+ neuron firing. Furthermore, as few as 5 unitary inputs can cause large increases in firing irregularity in GPe neurons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Indiko Z. Dzhalagoniya, Svetlana Usova, Anna A. Gamaleya, Alexey A. Tomskiy, Aasef G. Shaikh, Alexey S. Sedov
Summary: The objective of this study is to investigate the physiological differences in pallidal neurons between DYT1 and non-DYT1 dystonia. Microelectrode recording was performed during deep brain stimulation implantation, revealing reduced firing rate, reduced burst rate, and increased pause index in both pallidal segments of DYT1 patients. It was concluded that DYT1 has a common pathological focus in the striatum, leading to similarity in neuronal activity.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Fabian Hirsch, Afra Wohlschlaeger
Summary: This study investigates the impact of subcortical structures on the topological features of cortical networks using a multivariable approach and graph-theoretic tools. The results show that the overall architecture of cortical networks becomes more integrated after accounting for subcortical influences. Specifically, "transmodal" systems become more connected with the rest of the network while "unimodal" networks show the opposite effect. These findings provide new insights into the interplay between subcortex and cortical networks.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mate Feher, Zsombor Marton, Akos Szabo, Janos Kocsa, Viktoria Kormos, Agnes Hunyady, Laszlo Akos Kovacs, Balazs Ujvari, Gergely Berta, Jozsef Farkas, Nora Furedi, Tamas Gaszner, Bence Pytel, Dora Reglodi, Balazs Gaszner
Summary: In this study, the researchers examined the role of the PACAP/PAC1R system in neuroprotection and its involvement in the development and progression of Parkinson's disease using a rat model. The results further supported the importance of the PACAP/PAC1R system in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Maeri Yamamoto, Epifanio Bagarinao, Masanori Shimamoto, Tetsuya Iidaka, Norio Ozaki
Summary: The study identified significant alterations in brain connectivity in patients with schizophrenia, particularly affecting connections with the basal ganglia and high visual networks. Connector hubs in the cerebellum and subcortical regions play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, with FCOR potentially serving as a clinical biomarker for the disorder.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yannick Mullie, Trevor Drew
Summary: The pallidum plays a crucial role in the control of posture and movement. Different cells in the pallidum show distinct activity patterns during different phases of reaching tasks and with different limbs, indicating contextual-dependent control of movement and posture.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael S. Patton, Samuel H. Sheats, Allison N. Siclair, Brian N. Mathur
Summary: Fast-spiking interneurons in the dorsal striatum can be modulated by ethanol, which may result in excessive activation of dopamine neurons and further promote compulsive ethanol consumption behavior.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hyung S. Kim, Ho-Seong Han, Woojin Kim, Changsoo Kim, Jin-Young Jang, Wooil Kwon, Jin S. Heo, Sang H. Shin, Ho K. Hwang, Joon S. Park
Summary: This study examined the clinical characteristics and survival rate of young age pancreatic cancer patients after curative resection using the KOTUS-BP Database. The results showed that although young patients were diagnosed at more advanced stages, the overall survival rate was similar in both the young age and standard groups after receiving adjuvant treatment.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jaelim Cho, Heeseon Jang, Hyunji Park, Young Noh, Jungwoo Sohn, Sang-Baek Koh, Seung-Koo Lee, Sun-Young Kim, Changsoo Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effect of air pollution on Alzheimer's disease-specific brain structural pathologies and whether this effect leads to poorer cognitive function. The findings suggest that air pollution exposures may induce AD-like cortical atrophy and lead to poorer cognitive function in dementia-free adults.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kyoungwon Baik, Seun Jeon, Soh-Jeong Yang, Yeona Na, Seok Jong Chung, Han Soo Yoo, Mijin Yun, Phil Hyu Lee, Young H. Sohn, Byoung Seok Ye
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of demographic factors on cortical thickness and brain glucose metabolism in healthy aging individuals. A total of 71 subjects were assessed using neurological examination, 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography, and neuropsychological tests. Cortical thickness and brain metabolism were measured using vertex- and voxelwise analyses, respectively. General linear models were used to determine the effects of age, sex, and education on cortical thickness and brain glucose metabolism. The study found that age and sex have differential effects on cortical thickness and brain metabolism, highlighting the importance of considering demographic factors in the analysis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Young-gun Lee, Seon-Jin Yoon, So Hoon Yoon, Sung Woo Kang, Seun Jeon, Minseok Kim, Dong Ah Shin, Chung Mo Nam, Byoung Seok Ye
Summary: This longitudinal study found that chronic exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is associated with faster cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). These effects remained significant even after controlling for potential confounders.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Young-gun Lee, Seun Jeon, Kyoungwon Baik, Sung Woo Kang, Byoung Seok Ye
Summary: This study used FP-CIT PET to analyze the DAT uptake patterns in patients with DLB and MCI-LB, as well as healthy controls. The results showed that evaluating nigral DAT uptake can improve the diagnostic accuracy of DLB and MCI-LB. Lower nigral DAT uptake was associated with visual hallucination, severe parkinsonism, cognitive dysfunction, and widespread gray matter atrophy in DLB and MCI-LB patients.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Jungeun Lee, Eunhee Cho, Heejung Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Eosu Kim, Byoung Seok Ye
Summary: This study aimed to develop a self-efficacy enhancement program and evaluate its impact on cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, depression, and dementia preventive behaviors in older adults with MCI. The results showed that the integrated intervention consisting of physical, cognitive, and emotional activities was effective in improving cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors.
APPLIED NURSING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sungwoo Kang, Seun Jeon, Young-gun Lee, Byoung Seok Ye
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration and parkinsonism as well as cognitive impairment in biomarker-validated patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results showed that lower caudate dopamine transporter (DAT) uptake was associated with higher motor scores on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and visuospatial/executive dysfunction, independent of cortical thickness in different brain regions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
In-Jae Oh, Cheol-Kyu Park, Kyoung-Bok Min, Jin-Young Min, Chaeuk Chung, Seong-Hoon Yoon, Changsoo Kim, Sei-Hoon Yang
Summary: A study in Korea found that lung cancer patients exposed to high concentrations of PM2.5 had significantly increased healthcare utilization and drug prescriptions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cindy W. Yoon, Jonguk Kim, Young Ju Suh, Byeong C. Kim, Young Chul Youn, Jee Hyang Jeong, Hyun Jeong Han, Seong Hye Choi
Summary: This study examined the relationship between the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism and changes in cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) over a 2-year period. The results indicated that individuals with the ACE DD genotype experienced a greater progression of CMBs compared to those with the combined II/ID genotypes, particularly in lobar CMBs. Further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm this association.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jee Eun Choi, Mun-Joo Bae, Mi-Ji Kim, Sung Soo Oh, Ki Soo Park, Chan Joo Lee, Sungha Park, Sang-Baek Koh, Jaelim Cho, Changsoo Kim
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood lead and cadmium concentrations and metabolic syndromes (MetS) in Korean firefighters. The findings suggest that exposure to cadmium is likely to increase the risk of MetS among firefighters.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Heeseon Jang, Jaelim Cho, Seong-Kyung Cho, Donghan Lee, Sung-il Cho, Sang-Baek Koh, Dong-Chun Shin, Changsoo Kim
Summary: This study estimated the mortality risk and population attributable fraction (PAF) attributed to seasonal influenza using individual-level data from a nationwide matched cohort. The results showed that individuals with influenza had a 4-fold higher mortality risk, and preventing seasonal influenza may lead to 5.6% reduction in all-cause mortality and 20.7% reduction in respiratory mortality.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jaelim Cho, Heeseon Jang, Young Noh, Seung-Koo Lee, Sang-Baek Koh, Sun-Young Kim, Changsoo Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effect of particulate matter exposure on brain imaging markers, and found that the level of low-grade chronic systemic inflammation modifies the associations. Among men with higher levels of CRP, particulate matter exposures were significantly associated with a reduced global cortical thickness. However, the effect of chronic inflammation on the association between particulate matter exposures and white matter hyperintensities was not significant.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yongjin Lee, Jaelim Cho, Jungwoo Sohn, Changsoo Kim
Summary: Microplastics, which can be found in oceans, remote islands, and polar regions, pose a significant emerging threat to ecosystems. This article reviews the literature to provide an up-to-date synthesis of the sources, compositions, and adverse effects of microplastics in humans and the environment.
YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kyoungwon Baik, Seun Jeon, Mincheol Park, Young-gun Lee, Phil Hyu Lee, Young H. Sohn, Byoung Seok Ye
Summary: This study compared the imaging characteristics and cutoff value of 18F-florapronol (FC119S) and 18F-florbetaben (FBB) positron emission tomography (PET) in detecting 3-amyloid positivity and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients with cognitive impairment. The findings showed that quantitative FC119S-PET analysis provided reliable information for detecting 3-amyloid deposition and the presence of AD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Sungwoo Kang, So Hoon Yoon, Han Kyu Na, Young-gun Lee, Seun Jeon, Kyoungwon Baik, Young H. Sohn, Byoung Seok Ye
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah N. Kraeutner, Cristina Rubino, Jennifer K. Ferris, Shie Rinat, Lauren Penko, Larissa Chiu, Brian Greeley, Christina B. Jones, Beverley C. Larssen, Lara A. Boyd
Summary: This study examined the age-related changes in brain function and baseline brain structure that support motor skill acquisition. The findings showed that older adults experienced decreases in functional connectivity during motor skill acquisition, while younger adults experienced increases. Additionally, regardless of age group, lower baseline microstructure in a frontoparietal tract was associated with slower motor skill acquisition.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karen Nuytemans, Farid Rajabli, Melissa Jean-Francois, Jiji Thulaseedhara Kurup, Larry D. Adams, Takiyah D. Starks, Patrice L. Whitehead, Brian W. Kunkle, Allison Caban-Holt, Jonathan L. Haines, Michael L. Cuccaro, Jeffery M. Vance, Goldie S. Byrd, Gary W. Beecham, Christiane Reitz, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
Summary: This study conducted genetic research on African American AD families and identified a significant linkage signal associated with AD, highlighting the importance of diverse population-level genetic data in understanding the genetic determinants of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kazuya Suwabe, Ryuta Kuwamizu, Kazuki Hyodo, Toru Yoshikawa, Takeshi Otsuki, Asako Zempo-Miyaki, Michael A. Yassa, Hideaki Soya
Summary: Physical exercise has a positive impact on hippocampal memory decline with aging. Recent studies have shown that even light exercise can improve memory and this improvement is mediated by the ascending arousal system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-intensity exercise on hippocampal memory function in healthy older adults and found that pupil dilation during exercise played a role in the memory improvement.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ajay Sood, Ana Werneck Capuano, Robert Smith Wilson, Lisa Laverne Barnes, Alifiya Kapasi, David Alan Bennett, Zoe Arvanitakis
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin on cognition and brain pathology. The results showed that metformin users had slower decline in global cognition, episodic memory, and semantic memory compared to non-users. However, the relationship between metformin use and certain brain pathology remains uncertain.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian N. Lee, Junwen Wang, Molly A. Hall, Dokyoon Kim, Shana D. Stites, Li Shen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and functional impairments. This study analyzed participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and found differential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)/neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive/functional outcomes, as well as variations between sexes. These findings suggest that sex differences may play a role in the development of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madeline R. Hale, Rebecca Langhough, Lianlian Du, Bruce P. Hermann, Carol A. Van Hulle, Margherita Carboni, Gwendlyn Kollmorgenj, Kristin E. Basche, Davide Bruno, Leah Sanson-Miles, Erin M. Jonaitis, Nathaniel A. Chin, Ozioma C. Okonkwo, Barbara B. Bendlin, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tobey J. Betthauser, Sterling C. Johnson, Kimberly D. Mueller
Summary: This study demonstrates a relationship between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and the ability to recall proper names in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas T. Austin, Christian L. Thomas, Ben Warren
Summary: This study investigated the effects of age on the robustness and resilience of auditory system using the desert locust. The researchers found that gene expression changes were mainly influenced by age rather than noise exposure. Both young and aged locusts were able to recover their auditory nerve function within 48 hours of noise exposure, but the recovery of transduction current magnitude was impaired in aged locusts. Key genes responsible for robustness to noise exposure in young locusts and potential candidates for compensatory mechanisms in auditory neurons of aged locusts were identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
