Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia Gallego Villarejo, Lisa Bachmann, David Marks, Maite Brachthaeuser, Alexander Geidies, Thorsten Mueller
Summary: Intracellular amyloid beta (iAβ) plays a crucial role in neurodegeneration and serves as a pathological marker. Modulating iAβ through pharmacological treatment has shown beneficial effects on cognitive properties. Future research should focus on the impact of viral infections on iAβ generation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Adukkadan N. Ramya, Manu M. Joseph, Varsha Karunakaran, Chekrain Valappil Shihas Ahammed, Animesh Samanta, Kaustabh K. Maiti
Summary: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an essential neurotransmitter, plays a role in regulating brain function. This study presents a molecular probe, TPE-NBD-D, that can sense and visualize the disaggregation of A13 caused by H2S, showing potential therapeutic benefits for Alzheimer's disease.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Krista Mineia Wartchow, Leticia Rodrigues, Izabela Swierzy, Michael Buchfelder, Diogo Onofre de Souza, Carlos-Alberto Goncalves, Andrea Kleindienst
Summary: The study found that long-term increased S100B levels have sex-dependent and brain region-specific effects on amyloid-beta processing, highlighting the importance of further investigating signaling pathways and behavioral responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jenny Szu, Andre Obenaus
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by memory and cognitive decline, with two main hypotheses proposed regarding its underlying mechanisms. The amyloid hypothesis suggests A beta accumulation as the basis of AD, while the vascular hypothesis links early vascular damage to increased A beta deposits in the brain. Studies have shown significant morphological changes in the cerebrovasculature associated with AD progression, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Han-Wen Chang, Ho- Ma, Yi-Shan Wu, Ming-Che Lee, Eric Chung-Yueh Yuan, Shing-Jong Huang, Yu-Sheng Cheng, Meng-Hsin Wu, Ling-Hsien Tu, Jerry Chun Chung Chan
Summary: This study successfully prepared high molecular-weight oligomeric aggregates of A beta with uniform size and monomorphic structure by incubating A beta peptides in reverse micelles. The A beta Os-40 adopted the structural motif of beta-loop-beta and the A beta Os-42 accelerated the fibrillization of A beta(40) monomers. Cross-seeding experiments showed that A beta Os-42 had an impact on the chemical states of certain residues in A beta Os-40.
Article
Immunology
Evangelos Konstantinidis, Benjamin Portal, Tobias Mothes, Chiara Beretta, Maria Lindskog, Anna Erlandsson
Summary: This study reveals that astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not only associated with the pathology but also play a crucial role in maintaining brain homeostasis and synaptic function. The accumulation of aggregated amyloid-beta (A beta) in astrocytes affects their interaction with neurons, leading to synaptic dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis. These findings are important for understanding the involvement of astrocytes in AD-related synaptic dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Huang, Wenbin Zhang, Xiaorou Guo, Ying Zhang, Junfeng Wu, Hengbing Zu
Summary: In the past 20 years, studies on cell cultures have indicated contradictory findings regarding the relationship between cholesterol levels and amyloid-beta (A beta) production in Alzheimer's disease. This study introduces new cell models induced by DHCR24, which differ from previous models with overexpressed amyloid precursor protein (APP). The results show that cellular cholesterol deficiency increases A beta production, and the disruption of cellular cholesterol homeostasis by APP overexpression might contribute to this effect.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Susan Barendrecht, An Schreurs, Stefanie Geissler, Victor Sabanov, Victoria Ilse, Vera Rieckmann, Rico Eichentopf, Anja Kuenemund, Benjamin Hietel, Sebastian Wussow, Katrin Hoffmann, Kerstin Koerber-Ferl, Ravi Pandey, Gregory W. Carter, Hans-Ulrich Demuth, Max Holzer, Steffen Rossner, Stephan Schilling, Christoph Preuss, Detlef Balschun, Holger Cynis
Summary: This study investigated the influence of cerebral amyloid beta deposition on human tau pathology in a novel mouse model. The findings revealed interactions between amyloid beta and human tau at the transcriptional, electrophysiological, and histopathological levels. The study also identified changes in pathways related to mitochondria biology, extracellular matrix, and immune function. These findings have important implications for future model development in Alzheimer's disease.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Magdalena Antonino, Paula Marmo, Carlos Leandro Freites, Gonzalo Emiliano Quassollo, Maria Florencia Sanchez, Alfredo Lorenzo, Elena Anahi Bignante
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the brain, which is produced by the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Aβ assemblies enhance the interaction between APP and BACE1, leading to increased production and accumulation of Aβ. This process involves Aβ-APP/Go signaling and Gβγ subunit signaling.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Zoology
Zhi-Ya Chen, Yan Zhang
Summary: Despite great advances in understanding the molecular basis and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), it remains incurable. Most AD research focuses on early-onset familial AD, while there is a lack of animal models for late-onset sporadic AD.
ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Lardelli
Summary: Probabilistic and parsimony-based arguments suggest that Hardy and Higgin's amyloid cascade hypothesis is valid but commonly misinterpreted. Mutations in the APP gene alter the activity of the critical pathogenic determinant, the beta CTF fragment of A beta PP. Familial Alzheimer's disease mutations likely affect presenilin holoprotein conformation and function, as well as the formation and stability of multimers of presenilin holoprotein and/or the beta secretase complex. These mutations also impact endolysosomal acidification and mitochondrial function, leading to detrimental effects on iron homeostasis and promoting pseudo-hypoxia. A beta production is increased due to oxidative stress and decreased lysosomal function, leading to enhanced oxidative stress-driven neuroinflammation during the cognitive phase of the disease.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Deebika Balu, Ana C. Valencia-Olvera, Zarak Islam, Clare Mielczarek, Allison Hansen, Tamara M. Perez Ramos, Jason York, Mary Jo Ladu, Leon M. Tai
Summary: Increasing evidence supports the interaction of age, APOE, and sex in modulating Alzheimer's disease risk. Female APOE4 mice have the highest levels of Aβ deposition, fibrillar amyloid deposits, neuroinflammation, and earlier behavior deficits. The combination of female sex and APOE4 genotype may be the most detrimental for Alzheimer's disease.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexandra A. Sandberg, Evan Manning, Heather M. Wilkins, Randall Mazzarino, Taylor Minckley, Russell H. Swerdlow, David Patterson, Yan Qin, Daniel A. Linseman
Summary: In this study, the potential of mitochondrial-targeted AICD to induce neuronal apoptosis and its mechanism of neurotoxicity were examined. The results showed that only when AICD was targeted to the mitochondria, significant neuronal apoptosis was induced. Furthermore, AICD induced apoptosis via a mechanism that is distinct from that of A beta.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne-Cathrine S. Vogt, Gary T. Jennings, Mona O. Mohsen, Monique Vogel, Martin F. Bachmann
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and is responsible for 60-70% of cases. The number of people with dementia is expected to triple by 2050 due to an aging population. Currently, there are only symptomatic treatments available, making it crucial to develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease. This mini-review focuses on the understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathobiology and discusses current immunomodulating therapies targeting amyloid-beta protein.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sudip Dhakal, Paul A. Ramsland, Benu Adhikari, Ian Macreadie
Summary: This study utilized yeast as model organisms to screen 11 natural bioactive compounds and found that the combination of baicalein and trans-chalcone was most effective in reducing A beta(42) levels and decreasing ROS in yeast cells expressing native A beta(42) without affecting cell growth. Further studies are recommended to explore the potential cytoprotective activity of this combination in humans and determine the optimal dosage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Carlo Wilke, Selina Reich, John C. van Swieten, Barbara Borroni, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Fermin Moreno, Robert Laforce, Caroline Graff, Daniela Galimberti, James B. Rowe, Mario Masellis, Maria C. Tartaglia, Elizabeth Finger, Rik Vandenberghe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Isabel Santana, Simon Ducharme, Chris R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Johannes Levin, Adrian Danek, Markus Otto, Giovanni Frisoni, Roberta Ghidoni, Sandro Sorbi, Martina Bocchetta, Emily Todd, Jens Kuhle, Christian Barro, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Matthis Synofzik
Summary: This study provides a biomarker cascade for the conversion stage in presymptomatic frontotemporal dementia, using serum neurofilament levels to stratify individuals in different stages and potentially identify those converting to symptomatic disease. The biomarker cascade may pave the way towards a biomarker-based precision medicine approach to genetic FTD.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yang Yang, Wenjuan Zhang, Alexey G. Murzin, Manuel Schweighauser, Melissa Huang, Sofia Lovestam, Sew Y. Peak-Chew, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C. Saido, Jennifer Macdonald, Isabelle Lavenir, Bernardino Ghetti, Caroline Graff, Amit Kumar, Agneta Nordberg, Michel Goedert, Sjors H. W. Scheres
Summary: The high-resolution cryo-EM structures of A beta filaments with the Arctic mutation were reported in this study. Most of the filaments consist of two pairs of non-identical protofilaments, sharing a common substructure with the folds of type I and type II A beta 42. There are subtle conformational changes in the human Arctic folds, which may be due to the lack of a side chain at G22.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
David J. Whiteside, Maura Malpetti, P. Simon Jones, Boyd C. P. Ghosh, Ian Coyle-Gilchrist, John C. van Swieten, Harro Seelaar, Lize Jiskoot, Barbara Borroni, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Fermin Moreno, Robert Laforce, Caroline Graff, Matthis Synofzik, Daniela Galimberti, Mario Masellis, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Elizabeth Finger, Rik Vandenberghe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Chris R. Butler, Isabel Santana, Isabelle Le Ber, Alexander Gerhard, Simon Ducharme, Johannes Levin, Adrian Danek, Markus Otto, Sandro Sorbi, Florence Pasquier, Arabella Bouzigues, Lucy L. Russell, Jonathan D. Rohrer, James B. Rowe, Timothy Rittman
Summary: This study investigated the role of changes in functional networks in predicting cognitive decline and conversion to symptomatic disease in familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The study found a characteristic pattern of dynamic network changes in FTD, which were correlated with neuropsychological impairment. Among presymptomatic mutation carriers, this pattern of network dynamics was more prominent in those who later converted to the symptomatic phase. Baseline network dynamic changes predicted future cognitive decline in symptomatic participants and older presymptomatic participants.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elizabeth Finger, Rubina Malik, Martina Bocchetta, Kristy Coleman, Caroline Graff, Barbara Borroni, Mario Masellis, Robert Laforce, Caroline Greaves, Lucy L. Russell, Rhian S. Convery, Arabella Bouzigues, David M. Cash, Markus Otto, Matthis Synofzik, James B. Rowe, Daniela Galimberti, Pietro Tiraboschi, Robert Bartha, Christen Shoesmith, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, John C. van Swieten, Harro Seelaar, Lize C. Jiskoot, Sandro Sorbi, Chris R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Alexandre de Mendonca, Fermin Moreno, Rik Vandenberghe, Isabelle Le Ber, Johannes Levin, Florence Pasquier, Isabel Santana, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Simon Ducharme
Summary: This study investigates the hypothesis that genetic mutations causing frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have neurodevelopmental consequences. The researchers examined brain structure and function in young adult mutation carriers and found differences between preclinical mutation carriers and familial non-carriers at a mean age of 26 years. These findings have implications for therapeutic interventions and further studies on early pathophysiologic processes in FTD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Charlotte Johansson, Steinunn Thordardottir, Jose Laffita-Mesa, Elena Rodriguez-Vieitez, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Caroline Graff
Summary: The study describes plasma biomarkers in a Swedish cohort of patients with monogenic Alzheimer's disease. Plasma GFAP increases before P-tau181 and NfL, indicating that it reflects early Alzheimer's disease pathology. Plasma biomarkers may be non-invasive tools to detect Alzheimer's disease-related abnormalities. However, further validation is needed.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kiran Samra, Amy M. MacDougall, Arabella Bouzigues, Martina Bocchetta, David M. Cash, Caroline Greaves, Rhian S. Convery, John C. van Swieten, Harro Seelaar, Lize Jiskoot, Fermin Moreno, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Robert Laforce, Caroline Graff, Mario Masellis, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, James B. Rowe, Barbara Borroni, Elizabeth Finger, Matthis Synofzik, Daniela Galimberti, Rik Vandenberghe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Christopher R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Simon Ducharme, Isabelle Le Ber, Pietro Tiraboschi, Isabel Santana, Florence Pasquier, Johannes Levin, Markus Otto, Sandro Sorbi, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Lucy L. Russell
Summary: The study found that about 76% of patients with genetic bvFTD have language impairments, characterized by impaired functional communication, decreased fluency, and impaired sentence comprehension. There are differences in the extent of brain atrophy in specific language regions and language symptoms among different genetic types of patients. This research is helpful for further understanding the language phenotype associated with genetic bvFTD, especially in accurate stratification and monitoring of disease progression in clinical trials.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Agnes Perez-Millan, Sergi Borrego-Ecija, John C. van Swieten, Lize Jiskoot, Fermin Moreno, Robert Laforce, Caroline Graff, Mario Masellis, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, James B. Rowe, Barbara Borroni, Elizabeth Finger, Matthis Synofzik, Daniela Galimberti, Rik Vandenberghe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Chris R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Simon Ducharme, Isabelle Le Ber, Isabel Santana, Florence Pasquier, Johannes Levin, Markus Otto, Sandro Sorbi, Pietro Tiraboschi, Harro Seelaar, Tobias Langheinrich, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Roser Sala-Llonch, Raquel Sanchez-Valle
Summary: The C9orf72 expansion is a common genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia and/or motor neuron disease. MRI analysis showed differences in white matter volumes between presymptomatic and symptomatic carriers, suggesting that this measure may be useful in predicting symptom onset. Additionally, clinical severity was negatively associated with white matter volume.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kiran Samra, Amy M. MacDougall, Georgia Peakman, Arabella Bouzigues, Martina Bocchetta, David M. Cash, Caroline Greaves, Rhian S. Convery, John C. van Swieten, Lize Jiskoot, Harro Seelaar, Fermin Moreno, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Robert Laforce, Caroline Graff, Mario Masellis, Carmela Tartaglia, James B. Rowe, Barbara Borroni, Elizabeth Finger, Matthis Synofzik, Daniela Galimberti, Rik Vandenberghe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Chris R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Simon Ducharme, Isabelle Le Ber, Pietro Tiraboschi, Isabel Santana, Florence Pasquier, Johannes Levin, Markus Otto, Sandro Sorbi, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Lucy L. Russell
Summary: This study investigated the optimal method of adding motor features to a clinical rating scale for frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The results showed that motor symptoms are present in mutation carriers at all disease stages, and including motor symptoms in a rating scale can provide a more accurate assessment of disease severity and incorporate a wider spectrum of FTD phenotypes in the same clinical trial.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kiran Samra, Amy Macdougall, Georgia Peakman, Arabella Bouzigues, Martina Bocchetta, David M. Cash, Caroline Greaves, Rhian S. Convery, John C. van Swieten, Lize C. Jiskoot, Harro Seelaar, Fermin Moreno, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Robert Laforce, Caroline Graff, Mario Masellis, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, James B. Rowe, Barbara Borroni, Elizabeth Finger, Matthis Synofzik, Daniela Galimberti, Rik Vandenberghe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Christopher R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Simon Ducharme, Isabelle Le Ber, Pietro Tiraboschi, Isabel Santana, Florence Pasquier, Johannes Levin, Markus Otto, Sandro Sorbi, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Lucy L. Russell
Summary: A study on frontotemporal dementia found that neuropsychiatric symptoms occur in mutation carriers at all disease stages, with hallucinations and delusions providing additional staging benefit. The inclusion of these features in rating scales could improve the evaluation of disease progression.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giancarlo Logroscino, Marco Piccininni, Caroline Graff, Orla Hardiman, Albert C. Ludolph, Fermin Moreno, Markus Otto, Anne M. Remes, James B. Rowe, Harro Seelaar, Eino Solje, Elka Stefanova, Latchezar Traykov, Vesna Jelic, Melissa Taheri Rydell, Niall Pender, Sarah Anderl-Straub, Myriam Barandiaran, Alazne Gabilondo, Johanna Kruger, Alexander G. Murley, Timothy Rittman, Emma L. van der Ende, John C. van Swieten, Paeivi Hartikainen, Gorana Mandic Stojmenovic, Shima Mehrabian, Luisa Benussi, Antonella Alberici, Maria Teresa Dell'Abate, Chiara Zecca, Barbara Borroni
Summary: This study examined the incidence of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)-associated syndromes in Europe and found that they are more common than previously recognized, warranting diagnosis at any age. The findings have important implications for health and social care planning, as well as the design of future clinical trials.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kiran Samra, Amy M. MacDougall, Arabella Bouzigues, Martina Bocchetta, David M. Cash, Caroline Greaves, Rhian S. Convery, Chris Hardy, John C. van Swieten, Harro Seelaar, Lize C. Jiskoot, Fermin Moreno, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Robert Laforce, Caroline Graff, Mario Masellis, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, James B. Rowe, Barbara Borroni, Elizabeth Finger, Matthis Synofzik, Daniela Galimberti, Rik Vandenberghe, Alexandre de Mendonca, Chris R. Butler, Alexander Gerhard, Simon Ducharme, Isabelle Le Ber, Isabel Santana, Florence Pasquier, Johannes Levin, Markus Otto, Sandro Sorbi, Jason D. Warren, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Lucy L. Russell
Summary: Samra et al. report that progranulin mutations are the most common genetic cause of primary progressive aphasia, with two subtypes observed. Revised criteria for primary progressive aphasia should take into account genetic phenotypes. Primary progressive aphasia is typically sporadic, but can also be genetic.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martina Bocchetta, Emily G. Todd, Arabella Bouzigues, David M. Cash, Jennifer M. Nicholas, Rhian S. Convery, Lucy L. Russell, David L. Thomas, Ian B. Malone, Juan Eugenio Iglesias, John C. van Swieten, Lize C. Jiskoot, Harro Seelaar, Barbara Borroni, Daniela Galimberti, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Robert Laforce, Fermin Moreno, Matthis Synofzik, Caroline Graff, Mario Masellis, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, James B. Rowe, Rik Vandenberghe, Elizabeth Finger, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Alexandre de Mendonca, Isabel Santana, Chris R. Butler, Simon Ducharme, Alexander Gerhard, Adrian Danek, Johannes Levin, Markus Otto, Sandro Sorbi, Isabelle Le Ber, Florence Pasquier, Jonathan D. Rohrer
Summary: The study quantified brain anomalies on MRI in individuals with C9orf72, MAPT, and GRN mutations. The identified imaging markers associated with clinical and behavioral changes in presymptomatic carriers over one year, providing important data for participant stratification in trials. Biomarkers predicting disease progression in genetic frontotemporal dementia are urgently needed.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emma Ehn, Jesper Eisfeldt, Hakan Thonberg, Jose Laffita, Jacqueline Schoumans, Anne Remes, Matti Viitanen, Anna Lindstrand, Inger Nennesemo, Caroline Graff
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
S. Schoenecker, F. J. Martinez-Murcia, N. Franzmeier, J. Denecke, A. Bernhard, O. Wagemann, E. Wlasich, G. U. Hoeglinger, J. C. Van Swieten, F. Moreno, M. Otto, R. Laforce, C. Graff, M. Masellis, M. Carmela Tartaglia, J. B. Rowe, B. Borroni, E. Finger, M. Synofzik, D. Galimberti, R. Vandenberghe, A. De Mendonca, S. Ducharme, J. D. Rohrer, J. Levin
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Giancarlo Logroscino, Marco Piccininni, Caroline Graff, Orla Hardiman, Albert Ludolph, Fermin Moreno, Markus Otto, Anne Remes, James Rowe, Harro Seelaar, Eino Solje, Elka Stefanova, Latchezar Traykov, Vesna Jelic, Melissa Thaeri Rydell, Niall Pender, Sarah Anderl-Straub, Myriam Barandiaran, Alazne Gabilondo, Johanna Kruger, Alexander Murley, Timothy Rittman, Emma L. Van der Ende, John Van Swieten, Paivi Hartikainen, Gorana Mandic Stojmenovic, Shima Meherabian, Luisa Benussi, Antonella Alberici, Maria Teresa Dell'Abate, Chiara Zecca, Barbara Borroni
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah N. Kraeutner, Cristina Rubino, Jennifer K. Ferris, Shie Rinat, Lauren Penko, Larissa Chiu, Brian Greeley, Christina B. Jones, Beverley C. Larssen, Lara A. Boyd
Summary: This study examined the age-related changes in brain function and baseline brain structure that support motor skill acquisition. The findings showed that older adults experienced decreases in functional connectivity during motor skill acquisition, while younger adults experienced increases. Additionally, regardless of age group, lower baseline microstructure in a frontoparietal tract was associated with slower motor skill acquisition.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karen Nuytemans, Farid Rajabli, Melissa Jean-Francois, Jiji Thulaseedhara Kurup, Larry D. Adams, Takiyah D. Starks, Patrice L. Whitehead, Brian W. Kunkle, Allison Caban-Holt, Jonathan L. Haines, Michael L. Cuccaro, Jeffery M. Vance, Goldie S. Byrd, Gary W. Beecham, Christiane Reitz, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
Summary: This study conducted genetic research on African American AD families and identified a significant linkage signal associated with AD, highlighting the importance of diverse population-level genetic data in understanding the genetic determinants of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kazuya Suwabe, Ryuta Kuwamizu, Kazuki Hyodo, Toru Yoshikawa, Takeshi Otsuki, Asako Zempo-Miyaki, Michael A. Yassa, Hideaki Soya
Summary: Physical exercise has a positive impact on hippocampal memory decline with aging. Recent studies have shown that even light exercise can improve memory and this improvement is mediated by the ascending arousal system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-intensity exercise on hippocampal memory function in healthy older adults and found that pupil dilation during exercise played a role in the memory improvement.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ajay Sood, Ana Werneck Capuano, Robert Smith Wilson, Lisa Laverne Barnes, Alifiya Kapasi, David Alan Bennett, Zoe Arvanitakis
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin on cognition and brain pathology. The results showed that metformin users had slower decline in global cognition, episodic memory, and semantic memory compared to non-users. However, the relationship between metformin use and certain brain pathology remains uncertain.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian N. Lee, Junwen Wang, Molly A. Hall, Dokyoon Kim, Shana D. Stites, Li Shen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and functional impairments. This study analyzed participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and found differential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)/neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive/functional outcomes, as well as variations between sexes. These findings suggest that sex differences may play a role in the development of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madeline R. Hale, Rebecca Langhough, Lianlian Du, Bruce P. Hermann, Carol A. Van Hulle, Margherita Carboni, Gwendlyn Kollmorgenj, Kristin E. Basche, Davide Bruno, Leah Sanson-Miles, Erin M. Jonaitis, Nathaniel A. Chin, Ozioma C. Okonkwo, Barbara B. Bendlin, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tobey J. Betthauser, Sterling C. Johnson, Kimberly D. Mueller
Summary: This study demonstrates a relationship between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and the ability to recall proper names in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas T. Austin, Christian L. Thomas, Ben Warren
Summary: This study investigated the effects of age on the robustness and resilience of auditory system using the desert locust. The researchers found that gene expression changes were mainly influenced by age rather than noise exposure. Both young and aged locusts were able to recover their auditory nerve function within 48 hours of noise exposure, but the recovery of transduction current magnitude was impaired in aged locusts. Key genes responsible for robustness to noise exposure in young locusts and potential candidates for compensatory mechanisms in auditory neurons of aged locusts were identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)