Article
Oncology
Tejpal Gupta, Shizan Pervez, Archya Dasgupta, Abhishek Chatterjee, Sridhar Epari, Girish Chinnaswamy, Rakesh Jalali
Summary: This study assessed the safety of avoiding upfront craniospinal irradiation in children with low-risk WNT-pathway medulloblastoma. The results showed an unacceptably high risk of neuraxial failure, suggesting that this approach is not safe.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sujith Baliga, Judith A. Adams, Benjamin V. M. Bajaj, Liam Van Benthuysen, Juliane Daartz, Sara L. Gallotto, Jacqueline R. Lewy, Nicholas DeNunzio, Elizabeth A. Weyman, Miranda P. Lawell, Joshua D. Palmer, Beow Y. Yeap, David H. Ebb, Mary S. Huang, Alisa F. Perry, Shannon M. MacDonald, Robin M. Jones, Nancy J. Tarbell, Torunn I. Yock
Summary: This study examined the recurrence patterns in pediatric patients with medulloblastoma treated with proton radiotherapy. The majority of failures occurred outside the hippocampus, a structure related to memory formation. Hippocampal sparing radiation plans using proton therapy showed significant reduction in dose to the hippocampus. The study provides rationale for exploring hippocampal sparing in pediatric medulloblastoma through a prospective clinical trial.
Review
Oncology
Yu Liu, Bo Xiao, Sen Li, Jiangang Liu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the factors influencing survival parameters in patients with medulloblastoma. The results showed that histology, molecular subgroup, extent of surgical resection, and radiotherapy were significantly associated with survival parameters. However, high-quality prospective cohort studies are needed to improve the conclusions.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
E. Franceschi, C. Seidel, F. Sahm, K. W. Pajtler, P. Hau
Summary: Medulloblastoma is a rare tumor in postpubertal patients and adults, with different subtypes having distinct prognoses and offering personalized treatment options. While multimodal therapies have shown good overall survival rates, therapeutic evidence from prospective randomized trials in adults is lacking. Treatment typically involves craniospinal chemoradiation followed by maintenance chemotherapy, with targeted therapies not yet widely implemented but showing promise for personalized approaches, particularly in the SHH subgroup. Regular clinical follow-up and monitoring are crucial for managing relapse and ensuring optimal outcomes for patients.
Article
Oncology
M. Partanen, D. L. Anghelescu, L. Hall, J. E. Schreiber, M. Rossi, A. Gajjar, L. M. Jacola
Summary: The study revealed that longer anesthesia exposure during the treatment of pediatric medulloblastoma is associated with declines in IQ, attention, and processing speed. Early exposure to anesthesia during treatment may increase the risk of neurocognitive decline.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Clemens Seidel, Sina Heider, Peter Hau, Annegret Glasow, Stefan Dietzsch, Rolf-Dieter Kortmann
Summary: Craniospinal irradiation is crucial in the treatment of medulloblastoma, allowing for increased survival rates when combined with chemotherapy. Despite advancements in techniques and efforts to reduce toxicity, challenges remain in treating high-risk patients effectively.
Article
Oncology
Amar Gajjar, Giles W. Robinson, Kyle S. Smith, Tong Lin, Thomas E. Merchant, Murali Chintagumpala, Anita Mahajan, Jack Su, Eric Bouffet, Ute Bartels, Tal Schechter, Tim Hassall, Thomas Robertson, Wayne Nicholls, Sridharan Gururangan, Kristin Schroeder, Michael Sullivan, Greg Wheeler, Jordan R. Hansford, Stewart J. Kellie, Geoffrey McCowage, Richard Cohn, Michael J. Fisher, Matthew J. Krasin, Clinton F. Stewart, Alberto Broniscer, Ivo Buchhalter, Ruth G. Tatevossian, Brent A. Orr, Geoff Neale, Paul Klimo, Frederick Boop, Ashok Srinivasan, Stefan M. Pfister, Richard J. Gilbertson, Arzu Onar-Thomas, David W. Ellison, Paul A. Northcott
Summary: The study identified new risk stratification for medulloblastoma treatment through molecular classification and risk factor analysis, finding differences in PFS among patients with different genotypes and subtypes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Iqbal Sarif, Khaled Elsayad, Daniel Rolf, Christopher Kittel, Georg Gosheger, Eva Wardelmann, Uwe Haverkamp, Hans Theodor Eich
Summary: Soft tissue sarcomas, originating from mesenchymal tissue in the extremities, are commonly treated with surgery and radiotherapy. This study found that patients with lower lymph-sparing volume in adjuvant radiation therapy for extremity soft tissue sarcoma have an increased risk of lymphedema. Maximizing the potential oncologically-justifiable lymph-sparing volume should be considered to reduce the risk of high-grade lymphedema in extremity radiation therapy.
Article
Oncology
Kristine Eidal Tanem, Einar Stensvold, Petter Wilberg, Anne B. Skaare, Preet Bano Singh, Petter Brandal, Bente Brokstad Herlofson
Summary: This study investigated taste and smell function in survivors of childhood MB/CNS-PNET using objective measurements. The results showed impaired taste and smell function in some survivors, although subjective ratings did not reflect these objective findings.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
J. H. Harreld, P. Zou, N. D. Sabin, A. Edwards, Y. Han, Y. Li, O. Bieri, R. B. Khan, A. Gajjar, G. Robinson, T. E. Merchant
Summary: This study found that a lower pretreatment supratentorial WM magnetization transfer ratio may indicate an increased risk of radiation necrosis after craniospinal irradiation for medulloblastoma in children.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Manon Douyere, Caifeng Gong, Mylene Richard, Nadia Pellegrini-Moise, Joel Daouk, Julien Pierson, Pascal Chastagner, Cedric Boura
Summary: This study demonstrates that targeting NRP1 with MR438 could be a potential new strategy to limit the progression of medulloblastoma by decreasing the number of stem cells and reducing the radiation dose.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Marta Perek-Polnik, Anne Cochrane, Jinli Wang, Marzanna Chojnacka, Monika Drogosiewicz, Iwona Filipek, Ewa Swieszkowska, Magdalena Tarasinska, Wieslawa Grajkowska, Joanna Trubicka, Pawel Kowalczyk, Bozenna Dembowska-Baginskai, Mohamed S. Abdelbaki
Summary: This study analyzed the treatment outcomes of pre-irradiation chemotherapy followed by risk-adapted radiotherapy and maintenance chemotherapy in children with newly-diagnosed medulloblastoma. The results showed promising survival outcomes in both standard-risk and high-risk patients. This approach may be beneficial when radiotherapy initiation needs to be delayed.
Article
Oncology
Dong Wang, Bethany Veo, Angela Pierce, Susan Fosmire, Krishna Madhavan, Ilango Balakrishnan, Andrew Donson, Irina Alimova, Kelly D. Sullivan, Molishree Joshi, Mark Erlander, Maya Ridinger, Nicholas K. Foreman, Sujatha Venkataraman, Rajeev Vibhakar
Summary: PLK1 is overexpressed in Group 3 MB, and Onvansertib shows efficacy in reducing colony formation, cell proliferation, inducing G2/M arrest, and enhancing DNA damage and apoptosis in combination with radiation therapy in vitro and in xenografts, suggesting its potential as an effective strategy for MB treatment.
Review
Oncology
Clemens Seidel, Christine Viehweger, Rolf-Dieter Kortmann
Summary: Current evidence suggests that radiotherapy has a role in the treatment of PCNSL patients, especially for those who are not suitable for ASCT. Consolidating reduced dose WBRT after complete remission is a feasible option, while further research is needed for local stereotactic radiotherapy for residual disease.
Article
Oncology
Anthony P. Y. Liu, Kyle S. Smith, Rahul Kumar, Leena Paul, Laure Bihannic, Tong Lin, Kendra K. Maass, Kristian W. Pajtler, Murali Chintagumpala, Jack M. Su, Eric Bouffet, Michael J. Fisher, Sridharan Gururangan, Richard Cohn, Tim Hassall, Jordan R. Hansford, Paul Klimo, Frederick A. Boop, Clinton F. Stewart, Julie H. Harreld, Thomas E. Merchant, Ruth G. Tatevossian, Geoffrey Neale, Matthew Lear, Jeffery M. Klco, Brent A. Orr, David W. Ellison, Richard J. Gilbertson, Arzu Onar-Thomas, Amar Gajjar, Giles W. Robinson, Paul A. Northcott
Summary: The study demonstrates the clinical utility of CSF-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a biomarker of measurable residual disease (MRD) in children with medulloblastoma. Detection of MRD, particularly in patients with persistent MRD, is associated with a higher risk of disease progression. Early detection of MRD using liquid biopsies may aid in monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy in medulloblastoma patients.
Article
Oncology
Matthew C. Ward, Soren M. Bentzen, Carolina E. Fasola, Atif J. Khan, Richard L. White Jr, Frank Vicini, Chirag Shah
Summary: The study estimated the risk of local failure in early-stage breast cancer patients who received postoperative radiation therapy. The results showed that the risk of local failure was slightly higher with the intraoperative 50 kV x-rays combined with postoperative radiation therapy compared to external beam radiation therapy, and relatively higher with the TARGIT strategy alone.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Bansi Savla, M. A. Hamza, D. Yacubovich, S. Cobbs, L. Petrovska, K. A. Scilla, W. Burrows, R. Mehra, R. C. Miller, C. Rolfo, S. M. Bentzen, P. Mohindra, Melissa A. L. Vyfhuis
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the impact of living in food priority areas on treatment and cancer outcomes in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The results showed that patients living in FPAs were more likely to receive less-aggressive therapy, and residing in an FPA resulted in poorer outcomes for patients with a normal-weight BMI.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Malin Lonnerblad, Maria Aberg, Klas Blomgren, Eva Berglund
Summary: Individuals treated for childhood brain tumors have lower attendance rates in high school and university compared to controls. This is particularly true for those treated for embryonal tumors or optic pathway gliomas. Parental education levels are positively correlated with attendance rates.
Article
Oncology
Daniel Gram, N. Patrik Brodin, Thomas Bjork-Eriksson, Karsten Nysom, Per Munck af Rosenschold
Summary: This study investigated the risk of neurocognitive impairment caused by craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and the feasibility and effects of hippocampal sparing. The results show that by sparing the hippocampus, the risk of neurocognitive impairment can be significantly reduced without compromising tumor control.
Editorial Material
Veterinary Sciences
Annika Linde, John Tegzes, Tonatiuh Melgarejo, Dominique Griffon, Vet Med
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ingrid Tonning Olsson, Johan Lundgren, Lars Hjorth, Per Munck Af Rosenschold, Asa Hammar, Sean Perrin
Summary: This study aimed to statistically model neurocognitive development in survivors of pediatric brain tumors (PBTs), both irradiated and non-irradiated, and identify clinical variables associated with decline in neurocognitive scores. The study found that survivors of PBTs experience a decline in neurocognitive scores regardless of treatment received, indicating the need for routine screening for neurocognitive rehabilitation. However, survivors treated with whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and/or ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunting showed a faster decline and are at higher risk for negative neurocognitive outcomes.
CHILD NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Cell Biology
Wei Han, Eva-Maria Meissner, Stefanie Neunteibl, Madeline Guenther, Joerg Kahnt, Amalia Dolga, Cuicui Xie, Nikolaus Plesnila, Changlian Zhu, Klas Blomgren, Carsten Culmsee
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Wei Han, Eva-Maria Meissner, Stefanie Neunteibl, Madeline Gunther, Joerg Kahnt, Amalia Dolga, Cuicui Xie, Nikolaus Plesnila, Changlian Zhu, Klas Blomgren, Carsten Culmsee
Summary: Neural stem and progenitor cell (NSPC) transplants provide neuroprotection by releasing a protective secretome, containing heat-stable proteins, that promote neuronal survival in acute brain injury models.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anna Mann Nielsen, Katrine Smedegaard Storm, Michael R. T. Laursen, Vanja Remberg Gram, Laura Ann Rechner, Wiviann Ottosson, Morten Hiul Suppli, Patrik Sibolt, Claus F. Behrens, Ivan R. Vogelius, Gitte F. Persson
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of oesophagus-sparing radiotherapy in reducing dysphagia in patients with metastatic spinal cord compression. Patient-reported outcomes are used as the follow-up measure. Due to the fragility of the patient population, low compliance was expected. A planned interim analysis was conducted to assess dosimetry and respondent compliance to ensure protocol requirements were met.
Review
Oncology
Anne Marie Lindegaard, Katrin Hakansson, Mogens Bernsdorf, Anita B. Gothelf, Claus A. Kristensen, Lena Specht, Ivan R. Vogelius, Jeppe Friborg
Summary: This systematic review examines the clinical and dosimetric benefits of adaptive radiotherapy (ART) in head and neck cancer patients. The results show that ART can effectively reduce doses to organs at risk, but the impact on toxicity and disease control is uncertain. Larger, prospective trials with well-defined control groups are needed to further investigate these findings.
Letter
Oncology
Julie Kjems, Michael R. T. Laursen, Claus A. Kristensen, Anita B. Gothelf, Mogens Bernsdorf, Lena Specht, Anne K. Berthelsen, Ivan R. Vogelius, Gitte F. Persson, Jeppe Friborg
Letter
Oncology
Daniella Elisabet Ostergaard, Isak Wahlstedt, Morten Jorgensen, Mimi Kjaersgaard, Rene Mathiasen, Karsten Nysom, Astrid Sehested, Ivan Richter Vogelius, Maja Vestmo Maraldo
Article
Oncology
Maximilian Niyazi, Nicolaus Andratschke, Martin Bendszus, Anthony J. Chalmers, Sara C. Erridge, Norbert Galldiks, Frank J. Lagerwaard, Pierina Navarria, Per Munck af Rosenschoeld, Umberto Ricardi, Martin J. van den Bent, Michael Weller, Claus Belka, Giuseppe Minniti
Summary: This guideline aims to update the existing European consensus on delineation of the clinical target volume (CTV) in adult glioblastoma patients. It discusses key issues including pre-treatment steps, target delineation, and technical aspects of treatment. Based on the EORTC recommendation, a single CTV definition using post-operative contrast-enhanced T1 abnormalities is recommended, without the need to cone down. The PTV margin should be based on individual mask system and IGRT procedures, usually no greater than 3 mm.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Christina Neofytou, Alexandra Backlund, Klas Blomgren, Ola Hermanson
Summary: Central nervous system tumors are a major cause of death in children with cancer, and the treatment often leads to late complications such as cognitive decline. Lithium has shown neuroprotective effects and has the potential to reverse radiation-induced damage and cognitive defects.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
M. F. Klavsen, C. Ankjaergaard, K. Boye, C. P. Behrens, I. R. Vogelius, S. Ehrbar, M. Baumgartl, C. Rippke, C. Buchele, C. K. Renkamp, G. Santurio, C. E. Andersen
Summary: The combination of magnetic resonance imaging and linear accelerators into MR-Linacs allows for continuous imaging and advanced treatments. This study investigated dose-rate transients in four MR-Linacs, finding that one machine had the largest dose-rate transient, resulting in a reduction of accumulated dose by approximately 3.1%. The transients were caused by initial changes in photon fluence rate and x-ray beam quality. Quality assurance for this effect should be considered in clinical implementation of gated treatments with the Viewray MRIdian.
BIOMEDICAL PHYSICS & ENGINEERING EXPRESS
(2023)