Article
Oncology
Andrea Sbrana, Andrea Antonuzzo, Marco Danova
Summary: Chemotherapy is a commonly used treatment for solid tumors and lymphomas, but its effectiveness is limited by myelotoxicity. In recent years, a new approach involving the use of Trilaciclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, has shown promise in reducing myelotoxicity in small-cell lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy. Trilaciclib has the potential to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy by reducing myelotoxicity and expanding its applicability to frailer patients.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aryan Rezaee, Pooya M. Tehrany, Farimah Jafari Tirabadi, Negin Sanadgol, Asal Sadat Karimi, Atra Ajdari, Sepideh Eydivandi, Sara Etemad, Romina Rajabi, Parham Rahmanian, Ramin Khorrami, Noushin Nabavi, Amir Reza Aref, Xiaoping Fan, Rongjun Zou, Mohsen Rashidi, Mohammad Arad Zandieh, Kiavash Hushmandi
Summary: Brain tumors are highly malignant and pose a significant threat to health, resulting in high rates of mortality and morbidity globally. Effective delivery of therapeutic agents is hindered by obstacles such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the emergence of drug resistance complicates the management of brain tumors, including resistance to the chemotherapy drug TMZ. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly miRNAs, modulate the growth and invasion of brain tumors, influencing their response to TMZ treatment. Additionally, lncRNAs and circRNAs also affect the efficacy of TMZ chemotherapy by interacting with molecular pathways and regulating miRNAs.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yusuf Mehkri, Samuel Woodford, Kevin Pierre, Abeer Dagra, Jairo Hernandez, Mohammad Reza Hosseini Siyanaki, Mohammed Azab, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: Chemotherapy has not significantly improved outcomes for aggressive brain tumors due to poor blood brain barrier penetration and tumor heterogeneity. However, recent advancements in focused chemotherapies, such as nanoparticle delivery, convection-enhanced delivery, and focused ultrasound, show promising potential for improving therapeutic efficacy. Clinical trials are currently underway to study the safety and effectiveness of these methods in combination with standard of care.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Kiarash Shamardani, Michelle Monje
Summary: In this study, Sanchez-Aguilera et al. utilized in vivo electrocorticography and machine learning to investigate the effects of brain metastases on neural circuit dynamics. They found that the electrophysiological profile could predict the presence and type of brain metastasis.
Review
Oncology
Elizabeth Cooper, Peter J. Choi, William A. Denny, Jiney Jose, Mike Dragunow, Thomas I-H Park
Summary: Effective cancer therapeutics for brain tumors need to cross the blood-brain barrier and improve the bioavailability and specificity of chemotherapeutic agents. Targeted delivery systems may enhance the efficacy of candidate compounds and reduce side effects. Near-infrared fluorescence compounds show promise as potential drug delivery systems.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Furong Cheng, Ting Su, Shurong Zhou, Xiang Liu, Suling Yang, Shuibin Lin, Weisheng Guo, Guizhi Zhu
Summary: Current cancer immunotherapy only benefits small subsets of patients due to immnosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We present a single-dose injectable nanovaccines-in-hydrogel (NvIH) which can improve cancer immunotherapy for large tumors by reducing TME immunosuppression.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wouter J. F. Vanbilloen, Julian S. Rechberger, Jacob B. Anderson, Leo F. Nonnenbroich, Liang Zhang, David J. Daniels
Summary: Primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a diverse group of neoplasms that occur within the brain and spinal cord. The unique challenges presented by the brain-CSF barrier and blood-brain barrier have hindered the translation of advances in understanding CNS tumor progression into effective therapies. Nanoparticles offer a potential solution for targeted CNS tumor therapeutics delivery by bypassing these barriers.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marta Maschio, Andrea Maialetti, Diana Giannarelli, Tatiana Koudriavtseva, Edvina Galie, Alessandra Fabi
Summary: This retrospective observational study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and interactions with cancer treatment of different anti-seizure medications (ASMs) in patients with epilepsy-related brain metastases (BM). The study found a significant correlation between tumor site and the likelihood of seizures in this patient population. Additionally, over 50% of the patients responded well to monotherapy with new generation ASMs.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Mo, Alessia Pellerino, Riccardo Soffietti, Roberta Ruda
Summary: The presence of barriers like the BBB and BTB make it difficult for antineoplastic drugs to penetrate the brain, but various techniques and molecular strategies have been developed to overcome these limitations, showing promising results in clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lishan Zhang, Xiaoting Zhang, Hui Ran, Ze Chen, Yicheng Ye, Jiamiao Jiang, Ziwei Hu, Miral Azechi, Fei Peng, Hao Tian, Zhili Xu, Yingfeng Tu
Summary: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising local treatment modality in cancer therapy, but its therapeutic efficacy is restricted by ineffective delivery of photosensitizers and tumor hypoxia. In this study, a phototactic Chlorella-based near-infrared (NIR) driven green affording-oxygen microrobot system was developed for enhanced PDT. The system exhibited desirable phototaxis and continuous oxygen generation, leading to the inhibition of tumor growth in mice. This study demonstrates the potential of using a light-driven green affording-oxygen microrobot to enhance photodynamic therapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuchen Qi, Saurabh Kumar Jha, Niraj Kumar Jha, Saikat Dewanjee, Abhijit Dey, Rahul Deka, Pingal Pritam, Kritika Ramgopal, Weiting Liu, Kaijian Hou
Summary: Brain cancer is one of the most deadly forms of cancer, and brain tumor cells are resistant to conventional and advanced therapies. Antioxidants may prevent tumorigenesis by inhibiting oxidative stress and have chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects on brain cancers. They can also minimize chemotherapy-induced toxicity and reverse chemoresistance. However, the effects of antioxidants depend on various factors and conditions, and more mechanistic studies are needed for consistent clinical outcomes.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Claire O. Kisamore, Brittany D. Elliott, A. Courtney Devries, Randy J. Nelson, William H. Walker II
Summary: Circadian rhythms are internal manifestations of the 24-h solar day that synchronize biological and behavioral processes to improve adaptive function and survival. Chronotherapy optimizes drug administration based on circadian rhythms to achieve maximum therapeutic efficacy and minimize side effects. This review examines the evidence for chronotherapeutic treatment for solid tumors, including chrono-chemotherapy, chrono-radiotherapy, and alternative chronotherapeutics, and discusses areas for further research and challenges in the field.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Usman Beg, Brianna Michelle Snyder, Sarosh Irfan Madhani, Nima Hamidi, Varun Padmanaban, Leonard C. Tuanquin, Timothy J. Kruser, James Connor, Alireza Mansouri
Summary: This systematic review looked at radiosensitizers developed for malignant brain tumors, identifying 22 unique agents, but only two showed limited improvement in patient survival. The study concludes that progress in radiosensitizers for malignant CNS tumors has been limited, suggesting the need for alternative strategies in drug development.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Edgar Petrosyan, Jawad Fares, Alex Cordero, Aida Rashidi, Victor A. Arrieta, Deepak Kanojia, Maciej S. Lesniak
Summary: Malignant brain tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and brain metastases, pose a major medical challenge due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) preventing the effectiveness of most treatment options. This study explores the potential of repurposing BBB-permeable antidepressants as a promising option for treating brain tumors. The research provides an overview of FDA-approved antidepressants and their cytotoxic activities in different tumor models, with a focus on the role of autophagy dysregulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ben Lin, Zhen Ye, Zhao Ye, Meng Wang, Zhan Cao, Renyuan Gao, Yichao Zhang
Summary: In recent decades, the gut microbiota has been found to play various roles in physiological and pathological conditions. The gut-brain axis, as one of the interacting pathways between the host and gut flora, has gained increasing attention for its potential in understanding and treating brain tumors. This narrative review explores the mechanisms by which the gut-brain axis influences brain tumors, summarizes the latest research on gastrointestinal microbial landscape and gut-brain axis malfunction in different brain tumors, and outlines the ongoing approaches of microbial manipulation and research on neuro-malignancies.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Kyle M. Walsh, Corey Neff, Melissa L. Bondy, Carol Kruchko, Jason T. Huse, Christopher Amos, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan, Quinn T. Ostrom
Summary: The incidence and outcomes of glioma differ in association with the geographic origins of Hispanic communities, with predominantly Mexican/Central American-origin counties at reduced risk and predominantly Caribbean-origin counties at greater risk. Higher incidence and improved survival are associated with European admixture in Hispanic patients.
Article
Oncology
Rachel D. Harris, Melissa A. Richard, Maria Monica J. Gramatges, Kevin Wilhelm, Michael E. Scheurer, Philip J. Lupo, Austin L. Brown
Summary: Survivors of childhood central nervous system tumors may experience early-onset aging-related phenotypes. DNA methylation age, as an emerging biomarker, can predict the chronic health conditions of long-term survivors. This study explores the epigenetic age acceleration in survivors of pediatric CNS tumors using blood samples collected post-diagnosis.
PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. M. Samon, D. Rohlman, L. Tidwell, P. D. Hoffman, A. O. Oluyomi, C. Walker, M. Bondy, K. A. Anderson
Summary: Hurricane Harvey caused catastrophic flooding in Houston, Texas, resulting in increased concern about chemical exposure from flood waters and industrial emissions. This study used silicone wristbands as personal passive samplers to assess immediate exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and identify factors associated with higher exposure concentrations. The results showed that living in areas with a high Area Deprivation Index, identifying as Black/African American or Latino, and residing in specific Houston neighborhoods were linked to increased exposure to EDCs, indicating racial/ethnic and socioeconomic injustices. Further research is needed to identify direct sources of EDCs and develop effective exposure mitigation strategies.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Kayla N. N. Roche, Diane Cooper, Terri S. S. Armstrong, Amanda L. L. King
Summary: Research shows that solid tumor patients experience high levels of psychological distress at diagnosis, but little is known about how this symptom affects disease outcomes. This systematic review explores the link between distress and survival in solid tumor patients, suggesting that psychological distress may impact disease-related outcomes, including survival.
Article
Oncology
Jennifer M. Geris, E. Susan Amirian, Deborah A. Marquez-Do, Martial Guillaud, Laura M. Dillon, Michele Follen, Michael E. Scheurer
Summary: This study investigates the association between HPV16 and HPV18 viral integration status and SNPs in nonhomologous-end-joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway genes on cervical dysplasia. The results show that SNPs in NHEJ DNA repair pathway genes, particularly XRCC4, are significantly associated with HPV integration, suggesting that these genes may play an important role in determining cervical cancer development and progression.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Sophia O. von Tiedemann, David M. Collins, Mark R. Gilbert, Ivan A. Kodeli
Summary: Predictions of material activity in commercial fusion conditions mostly rely on computational methods due to lack of data on long-term effects of high-energy neutron irradiation on structural steels. This study focused on modelling neutron activation of four structural steels in a fusion reactor environment after 20 years of operation. Eurofer and F82H steels exhibited higher resistance to neutron activation than G91 and SS316L(N)-IG. The vacuum vessel (SS316L(N)-IG) would not be classified as low-level waste for several centuries.
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mark Zobeck, M. Brooke Bernhardt, Kala Y. Y. Kamdar, Karen R. R. Rabin, Philip J. J. Lupo, Michael E. E. Scheurer
Summary: The study aims to identify clinical and genetic factors that may predict the risk of creatinine increase and prolonged MTX clearance in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This may enable more accurate prediction of individual toxicity risk.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dong-Joo Choi, Georgina Armstrong, Brittney Lozzi, Prashanth Vijayaraghavan, Sharon E. Plon, Terence C. Wong, Eric Boerwinkle, Donna M. Muzny, Hsiao-Chi Chen, Richard A. Gibbs, Quinn T. Ostrom, Beatrice Melin, Benjamin Deneen, Melissa L. Bondy, Matthew N. Bainbridge
Summary: This study conducted comprehensive surveillance of the genomic landscape of familial glioma and identified significant enrichment of rare deleterious variants in seven genes, with HERC2 being the most significantly enriched gene. Rare noncoding variants that may affect transcription factor binding sites or cause cryptic splicing were also found. Additionally, validation experiments revealed the significant impacts of DMBT1, HP1BP3, and ZCH7B3 genes on proliferation.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Andrew B. Lawson, Joanne Kim, Courtney Johnson, Theresa Hastert, Elisa V. Bandera, Anthony J. Alberg, Paul Terry, Maxwell Akonde, Hannah Mandle, Michele L. Cote, Melissa Bondy, Jeffrey Marks, Lauren Peres, Kendra L. Ratnapradipa, Yao Xin, Joellen Schildkraut, Edward S. Peters
Summary: This study assessed the impact of deprivation and segregation indices on the survival of self-identified Black women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. The results showed that high socioeconomic status-related indices were associated with increased survival, while the index of concentration at the extremes-race had no significant impact on overall survival. The study highlights the importance of area-level economic indices and urbanization index in the survival of Black women with ovarian cancer.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samantha M. Samon, Michael Barton, Kim Anderson, Abiodun Oluyomi, Melissa Bondy, Georgina Armstrong, Diana Rohlman
Summary: The feedback of research results for community and individual level exposure assessment data should adhere to key principles such as accessibility, distinguishing known from unknown information, respecting community knowledge and history, and setting participant expectations.
Article
Oncology
Courtney E. Johnson, Anthony J. Alberg, Elisa V. Bandera, Lauren C. Peres, Maxwell Akonde, Lindsay J. Collin, Michele L. Cote, Theresa A. Hastert, James R. Hebert, Edward S. Peters, Bonnie Qin, Paul Terry, Ann G. Schwartz, Melissa Bondy, Michael P. Epstein, Hannah B. Mandle, Jeffrey R. Marks, Andrew B. Lawson, Joellen M. Schildkraut
Summary: An association was found between an inflammation-related risk score and worse overall survival among Black women with ovarian cancer. This association was also influenced by inflammation-related dietary exposures.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Rowland Pettit, Jinyoung Byun, Younghun Han, Quinn Ostrom, Cristian Coarfa, Melissa Bondy, Christopher Amos
Summary: Using Mendelian randomization analysis, we identified several heritable traits associated with the risk of lung cancer development. These effects vary based on histologic subtype and conditional third trait exposures, providing valuable insights for lung cancer research.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Thanh T. Hoang, Jeremy M. Schraw, Erin C. Peckham-Gregory, Michael E. Scheurer, Philip J. Lupo
Summary: Birth weight is a known risk factor for pediatric cancers, but its association may vary depending on gestational age, sex, maternal race/ethnicity, and nativity status. This study examined the relationship between size for gestation and various pediatric cancers using data from the Texas Cancer Registry. Small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA) were both significantly associated with specific tumors. The findings suggest that the association between birth weight and pediatric cancers differs based on various factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Quillan Huang, Irene Mitsiades, Heidi Dowst, Neda Zarrin-Khameh, Attiya Batool Noor, Patricia Castro, Michael E. Scheurer, Guilherme Godoy, Martha P. Mims, Nicholas Mitsiades
Summary: This report highlights the multifaceted utility of longitudinal ctDNA monitoring in early cancer diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Adriana Sarmiento Clemente, J. Chase McNeil, Kristina G. Hulten, Jesus G. Vallejo, Michael E. Scheurer, Sheldon L. Kaplan
Summary: In this retrospective study of children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, the A-SCORE and C-SCORE were found to be useful in predicting acute and chronic complications, respectively. These scores can aid in guiding acute management and long-term follow-up decisions.
JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY
(2023)