Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ben Van Calster, Ewout W. W. Steyerberg, Laure Wynants, Maarten van Smeden
Summary: Clinical prediction models should be validated before implementation, as the performance of a model may vary across patient populations and measurement procedures. Validation studies should focus on understanding and quantifying heterogeneity and monitoring performance over time, to ensure that prediction models remain up-to-date and safe for clinical decision-making.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kees Dorst, Rodger Watson
Summary: The concept of 'strategic design' has been identified as a collection of evolving practices, but the literature lacks clarity on what strategic design actually entails and how it leads to strategic impact. This paper challenges the notion of strategic design by studying a design intervention over a 10-year period to critically analyze its strategic impact. The findings are summarized in a fledgling 'Game Changers' model.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarah E. Mahoney, Sarah N. Taylor, Howard P. Forman
Summary: Understanding the costs associated with breastfeeding is crucial for effective policy development and support. Breastfeeding has direct costs including equipment, modified nutritional intake, and time. The costs are higher for low-income individuals, who also have lower rates of breastfeeding. Addressing these costs is essential for promoting breastfeeding and ensuring equity.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Economics
Michael K. MacKenzie
Summary: This paper challenges the assumption that it is possible to clearly distinguish between short- and long-term issues in public affairs and concludes that such distinctions are not useful in public affairs and institutional design. Instead of adopting special institutions to deal with long-term issues, the author argues for general-purpose institutions that can handle the temporal complexities inherent in all public issues.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Louisa Bogaerts, Noam Siegelman, Morten H. Christiansen, Ram Frost
Summary: Research on individual differences in learning statistical structure suggests the existence of variability in cognitive abilities, but the hypothesis of a general statistical learning capacity that can classify individuals as 'good' or 'bad' learners lacks strong evidence. An alternative perspective focusing on the variability of statistical environments within different cognitive domains has been proposed, leading to a different outlook on statistical learning research when considering learning tuned to real-world sensory inputs.
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Manfred Schartl, Arthur Georges, Jennifer A. Marshall Graves
Summary: Genetic sex determination in most vertebrates is controlled by a single master sex gene, but there are also more complex systems, such as polygenic sex determination, where multiple genes interact to determine sex. However, many of the claims for polygenic sex determination in vertebrates are either transient states during sex chromosome turnover or aberrant systems in species hybrids. To avoid confusion, a consistent nomenclature for genetic sex determination systems is proposed.
TRENDS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Information Science & Library Science
Mike Downes
Summary: The main points of this passage are that journals cannot engage in predation, and the predators are the CEOs of publishing companies, journal owners, and other complicit individuals. Those who commit fraud and identity theft should be prosecuted, and less time and effort should be spent on scholarly investigations while more should be devoted to prosecutions.
LEARNED PUBLISHING
(2023)
Article
Law
Ketki Kotwal
Summary: The Australian Institute of Professional Education (AIPE) was found to have breached the Australian Consumer Law (ACL) in the provision of vocational education courses. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) successfully brought a case against AIPE, resulting in a record penalty of $153 million being imposed.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF COMPETITION AND CONSUMER LAW
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Benjamin Rombaut, Filipe R. Cogo, Bram Adams, Ahmed E. Hassan
Summary: Dependency management bots are widely used in software development process, but often require human intervention. Analyzing 93,196 issue reports from Greenkeeper, we find that it causes significant overhead for clients and the automatic solution of reverting broken dependency updates is not effective. Based on our findings, we argue that dependency management bots should be configurable, consider more information sources, and provide effective incentives for clients to resolve dependency issues.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Social
Mehmet A. Orhan, Brian Collisson
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between refund fraud behavior of online food delivery service customers and Dark Triad personality traits. The results show that the Dark Triad predicts the frequency and likelihood of fraudulent refund claims, and individuals with high Dark Triad traits are more likely to engage in refund fraud when the perceived cost to the food delivery company is high.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Justin M. Hodgkiss
Summary: Non-fullerene acceptors have overcome energy losses in organic solar cells, but they also have limitations.
Article
Economics
Karl Palmas, Kristoffer Ekberg, Anna Aberg
Summary: The study focuses on exploring the role of eschatology in the contemporary economy, particularly looking at US entrepreneurs' space-colonizing ambitions. It proposes to investigate the impacts of immediacy, investment, and ideology, by examining how the imaginations of humanity becoming a multiplanetary species are situated in present political economic realities.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Nuno Moniz, Hugo Monteiro
Summary: The No Free Lunch theorems have sparked debates on the impact of data preprocessing methods in the field of imbalanced domain learning. The study concludes that in the context of imbalanced domain learning, resampling strategies have equivalent impact on predictive model performance.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Etty Kruzel-Davila, Barbara Mensah Sankofi, Ernestine Kubi Amos-Abanyie, Anita Ghansah, Alexander Nyarko, Seth Agyemang, Gordon A. Awandare, Moran Szwarcwort-Cohen, Anat Reiner-Benaim, Basem Hijazi, Ifeoma Ulasi, Yemi Raheem Raji, Vincent Boima, Charlotte Osafo, Victoria May Adabayeri, Michael Matekole, Timothy O. Olanrewaju, Samuel Ajayi, Manmak Mamven, Sampson Antwi, Adebowale D. Ademola, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Fatiu Arogundade, Priscilla Abena Akyaw, Cheryl A. Winkler, Babatunde L. Salako, Akinlolu Ojo, Karl Skorecki, Dwomoa Adu
Summary: Variants in the APOL1 gene are associated with an increased risk of non-diabetic chronic kidney disease and HIV associated nephropathy. Carrying two APOL1 risk alleles increases the risk of these kidney diseases, as well as HIV infectivity.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Teresa K. Chen, Aditya L. Surapaneni, Dan E. Arking, Christie M. Ballantyne, Eric Boerwinkle, Jingsha Chen, Josef Coresh, Anna Koettgen, Katalin Susztak, Adrienne Tin, Bing Yu, Morgan E. Grams
Summary: The APOL1 risk variants are associated with kidney disease among Black adults, and this study explores their relationship with the circulating proteome, finding that APOL1 risk variants are strongly associated with lower levels of various proteins.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johannes P. Schwaiger, Barbara Kollerits, Inga Steinbrenner, Hansi Weissensteiner, Sebastian Schoenherr, Lukas Forer, Fruzsina Kotsis, Claudia Lamina, Markus P. Schneider, Ulla T. Schultheiss, Christoph Wanner, Anna Koettgen, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Florian Kronenberg
Summary: This study investigated the association between apoA-IV and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CKD. The results showed that higher levels of apoA-IV were associated with lower inflammation levels and reduced risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, and heart failure.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Florian Kronenberg
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marlys L. Koschinsky, Florian Kronenberg
Summary: The journal Atherosclerosis, as the official publication of the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS), has published a comprehensive collection of review articles on lipoprotein(a). This collection covers various aspects of lipoprotein(a) research, including epidemiology, genetics, non-genetic influences, pathogenicity, therapeutic developments, and measurement challenges. Along with the invited review articles, there are also original research papers on lipoprotein(a) included in an extended Atherosclerosis Special Issue.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Florian Kronenberg
Summary: Measuring Lp(a) poses challenges due to the complex structure of its main protein component. Despite the difficulties in measurement, improving measurement standards is crucial for enhancing patient risk assessment.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Azin Kheirkhah, Claudia Lamina, Barbara Kollerits, Johanna F. Schachtl-Riess, Ulla T. Schultheiss, Lukas Forer, Peggy Sekula, Fruzsina Kotsis, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Florian Kronenberg
Summary: The study found a significant association between higher PCSK9 concentrations and the risk of cardiovascular disease, independent of traditional risk factors including LDL cholesterol levels. This association was stronger in nonstatin users and participants with pre-existing cardiovascular disease at baseline.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michelle Hammerle, Lukas Forer, Sebastian Schonherr, Annette Peters, Harald Grallert, Florian Kronenberg, Christian Gieger, Claudia Lamina
Summary: This study evaluated the shared information between family history and genetic risk for stroke and found that family risk score and polygenic risk score were independently associated with stroke risk. Combining these risk measures increased the predictive power for stroke.
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Florian Kronenberg, Kai-Uwe Eckardt
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Florian Kronenberg
Summary: This article schematically illustrates the observational and genetic evidence that suggests LDL-cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) may be involved in the pathogenesis of aortic valve stenosis and/or aortic valve calcification. Recent trials with statins had no effect on the outcomes of the aortic valve. The questions about planned trials with Lp(a)-lowering drugs are listed.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
L. Renee Ruhaak, Fred P. H. T. M. Romijn, Ilijana Begcevic Brkovic, Zsusanna Kuklenyik, Julia Dittrich, Uta Ceglarek, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, Harald Althaus, Eduardo Angles-Cano, Stefan Coassin, Vincent Delatour, Liesbet Deprez, Ioannis Dikaios, Gerhard M. Kostner, Florian Kronenberg, Alicia Lyle, Urban Prinzing, Hubert W. Vesper, Christa M. Cobbaert, Int Federation Clinical Chem Lab Med Working Grp Apolipoproteins Mass Spect
Summary: In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of medical results from in vitro diagnostic and in-house tests, a higher order reference measurement system traceable to endorsed reference measurement procedures and reference materials is needed. A candidate reference measurement procedure for serum apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] based on mass spectrometry was developed and provisionally validated. The method demonstrated accurate quantitation of serum apo(a) and fulfilled predefined analytical performance specifications.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Patrick B. Mark, Juan J. Carrero, Kunihiro Matsushita, Yingying Sang, Shoshana H. Ballew, Morgan E. Grams, Josef Coresh, Aditya Surapaneni, Nigel J. Brunskill, John Chalmers, Lili Chan, Alex R. Chang, Rajkumar Chinnadurai, Gabriel Chodick, Massimo Cirillo, Dick de Zeeuw, Marie Evans, Amit X. Garg, Orlando M. Gutierrez, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Gunnar H. Heine, William G. Herrington, Junichi Ishigami, Florian Kronenberg, Jun Young Lee, Adeera Levin, Rupert W. Major, Angharad Marks, Girish N. Nadkarni, David M. J. Naimark, Christoph Nowak, Mahboob Rahman, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Mark Sarnak, Simon Sawhney, Markus P. Schneider, Varda Shalev, Jung-Im Shin, Moneeza K. Siddiqui, Nikita Stempniewicz, Keiichi Sumida, Jose M. Valdivielso, Jan van den Brand, Angela Yee-Moon Wang, David C. Wheeler, Lihua Zhang, Frank L. J. Visseren, Benedicte Stengel
Summary: This study investigated the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and future risk of kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT). It found that both prevalent and incident CVD were strongly associated with KFRT risk, with incident HF showing the strongest association.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Florian Kronenberg, Samia Mora, Erik S. G. Stroes, Brian A. Ference, Benoit J. Arsenault, Lars Berglund, Marc R. Dweck, Marlys L. Koschinsky, Gilles Lambert, Francois Mach, Catherine J. McNeal, Patrick M. Moriarty, Pradeep Natarajan, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Klaus G. Parhofer, Salim S. Virani, Arnold von Eckardstein, Gerald F. Watts, Jane K. Stock, Kausik K. Ray, Lale S. Tokgozoglu, Alberico L. Catapano
Summary: In 2022, the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) released a new consensus statement on the relationship between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and aortic stenosis. This statement highlights the importance of understanding Lp(a) concentration and its impact on lifetime risk for ASCVD. It also provides practical advice on using Lp(a) concentration to manage risk factors, despite the lack of currently available targeted therapies to lower Lp(a).
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastian Schoenherr, Hansi Weissensteiner, Florian Kronenberg, Lukas Forer
Summary: This paper presents a major upgrade to the Haplogrep software, including added features such as haplogroup summary statistics and variant annotations from various genome databases, improved algorithms for large-scale data, and a new web framework. These improvements allow researchers to classify and investigate thousands of samples more conveniently.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ferdinand J. Donhauser, Martina E. Zimmermann, Anna B. Steinkirchner, Simon Wiegrebe, Alexander Dietl, Caroline Brandl, Ralph Burkhardt, Andre Gessner, Frank Schweda, Tobias Bergler, Elke Schaeffner, Carsten A. Boeger, Florian Kronenberg, Andreas Luchner, Klaus J. Stark, Iris M. Heid
Summary: Cardiovascular risk factors are common in old-aged individuals, but there is limited population-based data on their control in this population. The AugUR cohort study analyzed the cardiovascular risk factor control in the 70+-year-old population of/near Regensburg. The study found that a significant proportion of participants had high LDL-cholesterol, HbA1c, or blood pressure levels beyond recommended levels, and these factors were associated with impaired kidney function.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marlys L. Koschinsky, Erik S. G. Stroes, Florian Kronenberg
Summary: This review focuses on the causal association between Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) and cardiovascular outcomes, the mechanisms by which elevated Lp(a) contributes to cardiovascular diseases, the metabolic insights on the production and clearance of Lp(a), and the current and future therapeutic approaches to lower Lp(a) concentrations.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adriana Koller, Claudia Lamina, Caroline Brandl, Martina E. Zimmermann, Klaus J. Stark, Hansi Weissensteiner, Reinhard Wuerzner, Iris M. Heid, Florian Kronenberg, Jay Stewart
Summary: This study suggests that mtDNA copy number in blood may serve as a more accessible biomarker for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) than mtDNA copy number in the retina, providing new insights into the relationship between mtDNA-CN and AMD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
