Article
Engineering, Biomedical
A. M. van Genderen, M. G. Valverde, P. E. Capendale, M. Kersten, E. Sendino Garvi, C. C. L. Schuurmans, M. Ruelas, J. T. Soeiro, G. Tang, M. J. Janssen, J. Jansen, S. M. Mihaila, T. Vermonden, Y. S. Zhang, R. Masereeuw
Summary: This study proposes a coaxial printing method to obtain microfibers resembling the architecture of the proximal tubule (PT). These printed microfibers show stable structure and cytocompatibility in culture, and can be used to mimic two genotypes of PT in the study of kidney disorders. The engineered PT exhibits homogenous cytoskeleton organization, barrier-formation, and polarization, as well as reduced apical transport activity in the disease model. The system holds great promise for further research in establishing advanced in vitro disease models.
Article
Physiology
Mark Wareing, Craig P. Smith
Summary: The study found that in vivo, the S2 renal proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs iron in rats, and this reabsorption pathway is insensitive to copper, manganese, cadmium, or zinc.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhi Peng, Hui Wang, Jiaoyun Zheng, Jie Wang, Yang Xiang, Chi Liu, Ming Ji, Huijun Liu, Lang Pan, Xiaoqun Qin, Xiangping Qu
Summary: Almost all kidney cells are involved in the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF), with the proximal tubule (PT) playing a central role. Renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) transform into inflammatory and fibroblastic cells in response to injury, producing bioactive molecules that drive inflammation and fibrosis. The PT's role in promoting TIF in tubulointerstitial and glomerular injury has been increasingly recognized.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Joonho Yoon, Zhenan Liu, Eunyoung Lee, Liping Liu, Silvia Ferre, Johanne Pastor, Jianning Zhang, Orson W. Moe, Audrey N. Chang, R. Tyler Miller
Summary: The study revealed a novel physiologic mechanism for the regulation of soluble Klotho levels by the renal CaSR-ADAM10-Klotho pathway. It was found that CaSR activators, including alkaline substances, increase renal CaSR-stimulated Klotho shedding. This mechanism is predicted to be relevant to the effects of acidosis and alkali therapy on chronic kidney disease progression.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Dan Wang, Snehal Sant, Craig Lawless, Nicholas Ferrell
Summary: This study introduces a cell culture system that uses in vivo-derived basement membrane to investigate the interactions between kidney tubular cells and the extracellular matrix. The study shows that the mechanical properties of the basement membrane affect the function and gene expression of tubular epithelial cells.
INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Gijs A. C. Franken, Anastasia Adella, Rene J. M. Bindels, Jeroen H. F. de Baaij
Summary: This study describes three potential mechanisms by which Mg(2+)reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule is linked to Na(+)reabsorption in patients with Na(+)wasting disorders. These mechanisms involve decreased NCC activity, common regulatory pathways of TRPM6 and NCC, and the impact of basolateral membrane potential on Na(+)and Mg(2+)extrusion. Advanced experimental models are needed to further study these molecular mechanisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stale Ellingsen, Shailesh Narawane, Anders Fjose, Tiziano Verri, Ivar Ronnestad
Summary: The study investigated the absorption of amino acids in mammals and zebrafish by the system b(0,+), as well as the mutations in these genes causing diseases. The expression patterns of slc3a1 and slc7a9 genes in zebrafish during early development and their role in organ growth were highlighted.
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Marta Ortega-Martinez, Vanessa Gutierrez-Davila, Esthefania Gutierrez-Arenas, Alberto Niderhauser-Garcia, Ricardo M. Cerda-Flores, Gilberto Jaramillo-Rangel
Summary: This study analyzed whether there are significant differences in the diameter and area of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and distal convoluted tubule (DCT) depending on whether they are considered circular or elliptical in shape. The results showed significant differences in diameter and area between circular and elliptical shapes, suggesting that the convoluted tubules of the nephron should be considered elliptical rather than circular in stereological studies of the kidney. Care should be taken when evaluating the diameters and areas of these tubules.
KIDNEY & BLOOD PRESSURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrick C. Baer, Ann-Kathrin Neuhoff, Ralf Schubert
Summary: Renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTCs) play a central role in renal inflammation. In response to inflammation, PTCs undergo changes in gene expression and release extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing inflammation-specific cargo molecules. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of kidney inflammation is crucial for identifying targets in the prevention or treatment of acute kidney injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takwa S. Aroankins, Sathish K. Murali, Robert A. Fenton, Qi Wu
Summary: This study revealed protein post-translational modifications by SUMOylation in the aldosterone-sensitive kidney distal convoluted tubule, highlighting the important role of SUMOylation in the physiological regulation of Pept2 trafficking by aldosterone.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sophia Szymkowiak, Nathan Sandler, David L. Kaplan
Summary: Chronic kidney disease and kidney failure are increasing globally, with a lack of corresponding improvement in available therapies. Using silk fibroin protein scaffolds to support kidney cells can mimic the structure of the kidney and support a larger number of cells with more even distribution under perfused conditions.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Eszter Banki, Viktoria Fisi, Sandra Moser, Agnieszka Wengi, Monique Carrel, Dominique Loffing-Cueni, David Penton, Denise V. Kratschmar, Ludovica Rizzo, Soeren Lienkamp, Alex Odermatt, Markus M. Rinschen, Johannes Loffing
Summary: The study revealed the critical role of calcineurin in the function of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), with the deletion of the relevant genes impacting the expression of specific proteins and signaling pathways in the DCT. The findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of calcineurin inhibitor side effects and the molecular players involved in the DCT.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Yasuhiro Yoshimura, Yoshiharu Muto, Kohei Omachi, Jeffrey H. Miner, Benjamin D. Humphreys
Summary: This study reveals the regulatory mechanisms of HNF4A and HNF4G during human proximal tubule differentiation. The experimental strategy can be applied more broadly to investigate transcriptional regulation in human kidney development.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Christophe Sirac, Vecihi Batuman, Paul W. Sanders
Summary: Plasma and B cell dyscrasias causing overproduction of monoclonal immunoglobulin free light chains can affect the kidneys in various ways. The disorders may or may not meet cancer criteria and can result in a range of proximal tubule syndromes.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Kathryn Duvall, Lauren Crist, Alison J. Perl, Naomi Pode Shakked, Praneet Chaturvedi, Raphael Kopan
Summary: Notch signaling is crucial for the maturation of nephron epithelia, with studies at both the cellular and organoid levels confirming its importance. The research found that Notch signaling plays a role in the segmentation of proximal and distal domains within the nephron.